Constitution of Syria
| Basic data | |
|---|---|
| Title: | Constitution of the Syrian Arab Republic |
| Type: | Constitution |
| Scope: | Syria |
| Legal matter: | Constitutional law |
| Issued on: | |
| Entry into force on: | February 27, 2012 |
| Please note the note on the applicable legal version. | |
The Constitution of Syria ( Arabic دستور سوريا, DMG Dustūr Sūriyā ) of February 27, 2012 determines the basic functions of the state government . It defines Syria's traits as Arab , democratic and republican . In addition, it describes the country in line with the pan-Arab ideology as a region of the enlarged Arab world and its people as an inseparable part of the "Arab nation".
Older constitutions since 1930
Older versions of the constitution include one written by Ibrahim Hananu ( NB ) in 1930 and a provisional constitution dated April 25, 1964 that followed it. The Syrian constitution of 1973, which was valid until 2012, consolidated the power of the Arab Socialist Ba'ath Party , its Section 8 described the party as " the leading party in society and the state". The real power remained with the President of the Republic (since 2000 Bashar al-Assad , re-elected in 2007), who is elected in a referendum on the proposal of the Syrian branch of the Ba'ath party according to §84 of the old constitution.
Content of the 2012 constitution
In the new constitution all references to socialism have been deleted. The Ba'ath Party's claim to leadership, as set out in Article 8 of the previous constitution , was also deleted. Islamic jurisprudence ( fiqh ) becomes a major source of legislation. The paragraph leaves open which laws are now taken from the Koran and the Sunna.
The Syrian President must be a Muslim . Furthermore, he must be Syrian by birth, born in the country and only married to one Syrian woman. His minimum age at the time of election must be 40 years. In the new constitution, the presidential term of office is seven years, and re-election is only possible once. The latter only counts after Assad's current term of office. Only those who have the support of at least 35 members of the 250-seat parliament ( Syrian People's Council ) are allowed to stand. Parties with a regional, religious or ethnic base are prohibited. Within 90 days of the referendum, the People's Council was re-elected in Syria's parliamentary elections in 2012 .
Web links
- Constitution of the Republic of Syria of 2012
- The Syriac Constitution of 1930 in its original French version: A. Giannini: Le costituzioni degli stati del vicino oriente . Istituto per l'Oriente, 1931.
- Old Constitution of Syria (1973 - 2012) in the International Constitutional Law Project (ICL)
Individual evidence
- ^ Christoph Sydow: Syria in bad shape. Zenith Online, February 21, 2012, archived from the original on July 10, 2012 ; Retrieved February 24, 2012 .