Slander
The Verlehmung is an essential process of soil formation ( pedogenesis ), which is by silicate weathering and formation of clay minerals to a particle size reduction comes. This makes the texture of a floor finer and finer.
There are numerous soil-forming silicates in the soil (e.g. mica , olivine , biotite , amphibole or pyroxene ). Chemical weathering ( oxidation , hydrolysis and hydration ) splits their frameworks into fragments, so that iron compounds, easily soluble ions, as well as silica and aluminum hydroxides are released. The silica and the aluminum hydroxides react with one another in situ and join together to form new frameworks. As a result, new clay minerals such as illite , vermiculite and smectite are formed in the soil . These newly formed minerals have a significantly smaller grain size than the weathered ones from whose fragments they are made. As the weathering progresses, the soil becomes finer and finer. Most of the easily soluble ions are washed out ( decalcification and washing out ); a part will be built into the framework of the new minerals.
The corruption is inextricably linked with the process of browning . The released iron forms intensely colored compounds that influence the soil color . In the temperate climate of Central Europe , this is how the soil takes on its typical brown hues.
literature
- Fritz Scheffer: Textbook of soil science / Scheffer / Schachtschabel . rework. and exp. by Hans-Peter Blume u. a.,. 15th edition. Spectrum Akademischer Verlag, Heidelberg - Berlin 2002, ISBN 3-8274-1324-9 , pp. 448 f .
Web links
- Browning and squalor. Institute for Geographical Sciences at FU Berlin, accessed December 12, 2009 .