Vers libéré

With verse libéré ( French "liberated verse") is called the relaxation metric rules in French poetry of the 19th century. The verse libéré must be distinguished from the as vers libre classique designated verse mêlés , a popular in the 17th and 18th centuries in France form metric relatively free, rhyme bound poetry and opposite the free verse , the end of the 19th century with the metric Tradition (especially of the Alexandrian ) completely broke.

The relaxation of the rules concerned in detail:

• more flexible syllable counting through alternating evaluation of the mute e ( e caduc )
• Solution from hiatal regulations
• Mobility or elimination of the caesura ( trimètre )
• Preference for previously unused or new verses ( vers impairs )
• Solving the traditional rules for the rhyme
• Possibility of replacing rhyme with assonance

Charles Baudelaire , Paul Verlaine , Arthur Rimbaud , Stéphane Mallarmé , Théodore de Banville and Jules Laforgue are considered to be representatives of the vers libéré . In retrospect, the vers libéré must be regarded as the forerunner of the vers libre , with which, from 1886, a complete departure from the metrical tradition was made and the regularity was completely abandoned.

literature

• W. Theodor Elwert : French metric. Hueber, Munich 1961, ISBN 3-19-003021-9 , pp. 164-165.
• C. Scott, D. Evans: Vers libéré. In: Roland Greene, Stephen Cushman et al. (Ed.): The Princeton Encyclopedia of Poetry and Poetics. 4th edition. Princeton University Press, Princeton 2012, ISBN 978-0-691-13334-8 , p. 1516 ( limited previewhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3DuKiC6IeFR2UC~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA1516~ double-sided%3D~LT%3Deingeschr%C3%A4nkte%20Vorschau~PUR%3D in Google Book Search).