Northampton Treaty
The Treaty of Northampton (also Treaty of Birgham ) was an agreement signed on July 18, 1290 between the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland .
After the Scottish King Alexander III. Had died in 1286 without male descendants, the Scottish throne was vacant. The English King Edward I intended to marry his eldest son, the heir to the throne Edward , to the young Scottish heiress Margaret , the Maid of Norway . The Guardians of Scotland , fearing for Scotland's independence, then negotiated in 1290 with an English delegation led by Antony Bek . On July 18, 1290, an agreement was signed in Birgham in Berwickshire , in which England guaranteed Scottish independence even after the marriage of the Scottish heir to the throne with the English heir to the throne. Scotland would maintain its own administration, and the English king would not claim suzerainty. On August 28, 1290 Edward I confirmed the contract in Northampton . The death of the Maid of Norway at the end of September 1290 completely changed the situation. After the death of the last members of the direct line of the Scottish royal family , there were now thirteen aspirants to the Scottish throne . Since Scotland was now leaderless, the English king wanted to enforce his sovereignty over Scotland by appointing the new king among the aspirants to the throne.
Individual evidence
- ↑ Michael Prestwich: Edward I . Berkeley, University of California Press, 1988, ISBN 0-520-06266-3 , p. 360.
- ↑ AAM Duncan: Margaret [called the Maid of Norway] (1282 / 3-1290). In: Henry Colin Gray Matthew, Brian Harrison (Eds.): Oxford Dictionary of National Biography , from the earliest times to the year 2000 (ODNB). Oxford University Press, Oxford 2004, ISBN 0-19-861411-X , ( oxforddnb.com license required ), as of 2004
- ^ Michael Prestwich: Edward I. University of California, Berkeley 1988, ISBN 0-520-06266-3 , p. 375.