Vintus

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The Association of Jewish-Neutral Gymnastics and Sports Clubs in West Germany , VINTUS , was a Jewish sports association in Germany that took a neutral position in the disputes between the national Jewish sports clubs Schild (the sports organization of the Reich League of Jewish Front-Line Soldiers ) and the Zionist sports clubs Makkabi .

Vintus was founded on April 26, 1925 in the Essen Saalbau by delegates from local Jewish sports clubs from Aachen, Dortmund, Düsseldorf, Elberfeld, Essen, Gelsenkirchen, Hanover, Cologne and Osnabrück with headquarters in Essen, where the TuS Hakoah Essen association took over the management of the association . The reason for the founding of the association was that the West German Game Association had refused to accept departments of TuS Hakoah Essen into its gaming operations due to overcrowding (from Essen's point of view, alleged overcrowding ), which prevented the Essen athletes from participating in regional competitions and meetings remained: We were rejected just because we are an association with members of the Jewish faith . At the time of its establishment, Vintus had 3000 members in the clubs. 18 clubs belonged to it in 1933. In the following years, the association published its own bulletin and organized its own league systems in the disciplines of gymnastics, football and athletics. In the 1926/27 season there were two parallel VINTUS leagues: Ruhrkreis and Rheinkreis with a total of twelve clubs. Clubs such as JTV Köln 02, Hakoah Bochum, JJV Buer, ITUS Herne, Makkabi Düsseldorf and RjF Krefeld also played friendly matches against non-Jewish clubs.

Many of the Vintus members saw themselves as Zionists , but were in favor of separating sport and politics, so they also worked with Jewish organizations that also did sport, including a. the Jewish youth leagues. According to Bernett, the founding of Vintus meant a heavy test of strength for the German Maccabees , because they lost an important part of their sponsors, as the cooperation among the members of the Jewish community contradicted the Maccabi's aspirations for power. Attempts by the Maccabi to merge with the Vintus failed. Only under the conditions of National Socialism were they forced to cooperate.

literature

  • Pasquale Boeti: " Muscle Judaism". The gymnastics and sports club "Hakoah Essen" - a Jewish sports club in the Ruhr area . In: Jan-Pieter Barbian ; Michael Brocke ; Ludger Heid (ed.): Jews in the Ruhr area. From the Age of Enlightenment to the present . Essen: Klartext, 1999, ISBN 3-88474-694-4 , pp. 601–617
  • Fritz A. Lewinson : Gymnastics and Sports Club Hakoah, Essen, one of the largest Jewish sports clubs, 1923–1938 , in: Hermann Schröter (ed.): History and fate of the Essen Jews: memorial book for the Jewish citizens of the city of Essen . Essen: City of Essen, 1980, pp. 283–289

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Martin Krauss: Prelude to the Shoah , in: taz , May 21, 2016
  2. ^ Arnd Krüger : The Role of Sport in German International Politics. 1918 - 1945 , in: Pierre Arnaud, James Riordan (Ed.): Sport and International Politics. The Impact of Fascism and Communism on Sport. London: Spon 1998, 79-96
  3. ^ Hajo Bernett : The Jewish Sport in National Socialist Germany 1933–1938. (= Series of publications of the Federal Institute for Sports Science. Volume 18.) Verlag Karl Hofmann, Schorndorf 1978, ISBN 3-7780-3081-7 .
  4. ^ Fritz Lewinson: Makkabi and Zionism, in: Robert Atlasz (ed.), Barkochba. Makkabi - Germany 1898-1938 , Tel Aviv 1977, pp. 51–56.
  5. ↑ Arnd Krüger: "When the Olympics are over, we will beat the Jews to a pulp". The relationship of the Jews to the Olympic Games of 1936. In: Menora 5th year book for German-Jewish history 1994. Piper, Munich, 331 - 348.
  6. ↑ Fritz A. Lewinson, in: Werner Röder, Herbert A. Strauss (ed.): Biographical manual of German-speaking emigration after 1933. Vol. 1: Politics, economy, public life . Munich: Saur 1980, p. 441