Virus-like particle

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Virus-like particles ( VLPs , German virus-like particles ) are viral particles that do not require nucleic acids contained and vaccine purposes are used. As particles of viral origin without viral nucleic acids, they cannot be reproduced in the target cells . Since, in contrast to viral vectors , they also do not contain any functional nucleic acids, they are also unable to deliver a transgene . While VLPs consist of viral capsids , virosomes are liposomes with viral membrane proteins .

VLPs are needed in virology and immunology to study immune responses, viruses and cell functions. These particles are often not empty, since some viruses can otherwise become unstable for assembly or cohesion, but instead either non-specific nucleic acids are packaged or non-functional DNA or RNA with the respective recognition sequences. In addition, proteins can be specifically packaged in larger VLPs .

Applications

Some vaccines contain virus-like particles, such as the HPV vaccines and vaccines against the hepatitis B virus . The core protein of the hepatitis B virus (HBcAg) also serves as the basis for the extraviral protein domain of matrix protein 2 of the influenza virus for the production of broad-spectrum vaccines against influenza . VLPs based on the Norwalk virus , the parvovirus and filoviruses are also used.

literature

  • EV Grgacic and DA Anderson: Virus-like particles: passport to immune recognition. In Methods. 2006 Sep; 40 (1): 60-5. PMID 16997714 .

Individual evidence

  1. ^ W. Fiers, M. De Filette, K. El Bakkouri, B. Schepens, K. Roose, M. Schotsaert, A. Birkett, X. Saelens: M2e-based universal influenza A vaccine. In: Vaccine. (2009) 27 (45): 6280-3. PMID 19840661 .
  2. ↑ a b A. Roldão, MC Mellado, LR Castilho, MJ Carrondo, PM Alves: virus-like particles in vaccine development. In: Expert Rev Vaccines. (2010) Vol. 9 (10), pp. 1149-76. PMID 20923267 .
  3. ↑ M. Herbst-Kralovetz, HS Mason, Q. Chen: Norwalk virus-like particles as vaccines. In: Expert Rev Vaccines. (2010) Vol. 9 (3), pp. 299-307. PMID 20218858 ; PMC 2862602 (free full text).
  4. ^ KL Warfield, MJ Aman: Advances in virus-like particle vaccines for filoviruses. In: J Infect Dis . (2011) Vol. 204 Suppl 3, pp. S1053-9. PMID 21987741 ; PMC 3189993 (free full text).