Wax bleach
The Wachsbleiche is since ancient times practiced procedure to the original yolk yellow beeswax to give a white to ivory-like appearance before from the bleaching wax for a white of several possible methods candles could be produced.
At the same time, wax bleach is the name for the place, the building or the company in which such wax was produced. Wax bleach is still occasionally used today as a hallway name.
History
Wax bleaching was already used by the ancient Phoenicians and Greeks. In the days of Dioscorides , wax discs were made by dipping the bottoms of pots, which had cooled in cold water, in melted wax. In this way, thin wax discs were obtained that were strung on threads and exposed to the sun for a long time with repeated doses until they were bleached. A picture of a bleached wax was found in Herculaneum . Pliny called the bleached wax "Punic" and also described the bleaching frames. In Europe one learned about the wax bleaching through the Venetians. As Beckmann describes in his “Technologie” in 1787, the wax was first drawn out into thin sheets or shaped into threads, chips or ribbons with a “graining machine” in order to enlarge the surface. Then it was spread out in the sun on lengths of linen, some of which were stretched over braided frames or racks, and regularly turned, usually with frequent wetting. Three or four bleaches could be done annually, e.g. B. in Hamburg at the beginning of the 19th century on 100 linen strips of 40 m² each 2000 quintals a year.
Procedure
- Air or sun bleach
- Steam bleach
- Bleaching from added turpentine oil
- Bleaching with potassium chromate and sulfuric acid
- Bleaching with sodium nitrate and sulfuric acid
swell
- Wax bleaching . In: Heinrich August Pierer , Julius Löbe (Hrsg.): Universal Lexicon of the Present and the Past . 4th edition. tape 18 . Altenburg 1864, p. 724-725 ( zeno.org ).
- Johann Beckmann : Instructions for Technology , Göttingen 1809, pp. 267–275.
- GPF Thon: The well-trained wax manufacturer and wax puller , Ilmenau 1828, p. 82 ff.
proof
- ↑ here cited from the later edition: Johann Beckmann: Instructions for Technology , Göttingen 1809, pp. 267–275.