Wall castle in Bródno
| Wall castle in Bródno | ||
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 Information board of the supervising Archaeological Museum |
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| Alternative name (s): | Gród na Bródnie | |
| Creation time : | 9th century | |
| Castle type : | Castle wall | |
| Conservation status: | Burgstall | |
| Standing position : | Castellany | |
| Place: | Warsaw | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 17 '48.5 " N , 21 ° 3' 34.7" E | |
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The hill fort in Bródno (Polish: Gród na Bródnie ) was part of the first known fortified settlement (named Stare Bródno after a river running there) in what is now Warsaw . The complex in the center of the settlement was a typical Slavic rampart from the Middle Ages. Today there is a forest park on the site of the facility. The archaeological museum in Warsaw looks after the site.
location
The remains of the hill fort in the forest park "Park Leśny Bródno" (also: Las Bródnowski or Lasek Bródnowski ) on Ludwika Kondratowicza near the intersection with the Św. Wincentego in Bródno on the western edge of the forest can be reached via a signposted footpath. Fort Lewicpol of the Warsaw fortifications , an area still used by the military today, was around 500 meters west of the Wallburg on the eastern edge of the forest park .
history
The facility was probably built in the 9th century on an elevation in (now defunct) swampy terrain. The ring wall - built from a wooden structure and earth - was around 6 meters high and 8.5 meters wide at the base. The oval fortress was 40 × 47 meters in diameter. The ground level access in the form of a breakthrough in the wall was protected by a wooden gate and a small tower. The facility served as a refuge during attacks. The courtyard was largely undeveloped, at best simple sheltered cottages stood here. Outside the castle there were wooden houses and workshops. The inhabitants of the village were farmers, gatherers, hunters and craftsmen. Excavations also unearthed the remains of knives, whetstones and flint stones, which suggest that the population was trading. Millet, rye, barley, wheat, vegetables and hemp were grown and processed in the area. Goats, cows, sheep, pigs and chickens were bred. The craft produced ceramics and fabrics (weaving), wood and metal (forge and smelting) were processed.
In its time, the hill fort was the center of the local castellany area of the Piasts who ruled here . In the second half of the 10th century, the village of Zielonka was also subject to the castle, which at that time belonged to Prince Siemomysław . The complex was destroyed by fire at the beginning of the 11th century - probably as part of the Masław's striving for independence. The nearby settlement existed until the end of the century.
The first traces of the complex were found at the beginning of the 20th century; systematic excavations in 1949/1950 revealed remains of the castle gates, wooden boxes for grain and the remains of huts outside the castle.
References and comments
- ↑ Traces of settlement were found as early as the 12th century BC
- ↑ Fort XII was completely destroyed in 1909, today there are only elevations in the forest
- ↑ Masław (also: Miecław, Masos or Maslao, † 1047) was the cupbearer of Mieszko II. Lambert and his governor in Mazovia
- ↑ according to Tomasz Urzykowski , Park Bródnowski i Las bródnowski from June 21, 2007 at Gazeta.pl (Warszawa) (in Polish)
literature
- Maria Lewicka, Architectural Atlas of Warsaw's Old Town , Arkady Publishing House, ISBN 83-213-3573-X , Warsaw 1992
