Wartegg character test

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One of the eight original images; this should serve to assess the aggressiveness of the test subject

The Wartegg character test ( WZT ) is an athematic character test. It was described in 1939 by the Leipzig psychologist Ehrig Wartegg (1897-1983) in his dissertation. It is a projective , semi-structured process. The Wartegg test was used in revealing psychotherapy as well as in life counseling and personnel development.

methodology

The test consists of 8 character fields with precisely defined specifications, for example a point or a semicircle. Roivainen shows that three of the eight WZT fields (3, 5 and 6) were derived from the Chinese I Ching oracle . The task for the test persons is to draw a picture in each drawing field. The specifications can be continued. The choice of motifs is left to the draftsman. The individual images should also be given names.

criticism

Tamminen & Lindeman were able to empirically prove that Gardziella's WZT evaluation system is not valid , but "follows the magic law of similarity" d. H. the assumption that the content of the drawing and the personality of an individual may have similarities. With regard to the Wartegg character test, the retest reliability (1–3 weeks) should be limited to between r = .40 and r = .60. The relationship between the results and the character grades is between r = .42 and r = .75. In 1979 Brönnimann stated: “The practitioner must be advised not to expect any reliable information about personality traits from the WZT.” Wartegg's “layer theory” is not part of empirical personality research (Herrmann, 1976 in Brönnimann, 1979, p. 34f). “The most representative representative” of the layer theory “is Erich Rothacker”. Rothacker was department head in the Propaganda Ministry of the Third Reich and was jointly responsible for the book burnings of 1933. As Rothacker states in "The Layers of Personality" (1941, S.VI): "The layered thought marches". In fact, “the concept of stratification is a kind of key fossil in personality psychology under National Socialism”. It was typical of National Socialist psychology that empirical, experimental research could not say anything about “the deeper layers of human life” (Lersch, 1943 in Scheerer, 1985, p. 60). The structure of the character “outlined by Lersch” was used by Wartegg as the basis for his “shift diagnosis”. The "German character studies" was also in the "Zeitschrift für Rassenkunde" (Kirchhoff, 1939, pp. 131-149) z. B. for the "proof of behavior types on a racial psychological material from Altenburg in Thuringia" very popular (according to the racial psychologist Eickstedt).

The method does not meet the quality criteria of a scientifically sound test. The Swiss Diagnostic Commission SVB stated with regard to the WZT as a tool for career counseling in 2004: “However, the test does not meet the required criteria for a psychological test. Therefore, this instrument should not be used as a diagnostic test. [...] Evaluation and interpretation objectivity are not given. With regard to the objectivity of the implementation, it can be assumed that the strength of the pencil influences the test result […] “The interpretation allows a great deal of leeway; the variables are neither empirically secured nor operationalized (made measurable). As with other projective tests, reliability and validity are insufficient. This was also stated in a 1999 ruling by the German Federal Court of Justice .

literature

  • Angleitner, Alois & Borkenau, Peter: "German Character Studies" published in: Herrmann, Theo & Lantermann, Ernst-D .: "Personality Psychology - A Handbook in Key Terms", 1985
  • Avé-Lallemant U: The Wartegg character test in life counseling. Reinhardt, Munich: 1994-2000. ISBN 3-497-01330-7
  • Brönnimann, Michael: "Relationship between the Wartegg character test (WZT) and the German High School Personality Questionaire (HSPQ) by Schuhmacher / Catell" published in: "Europäische Hochschulschriften, Series VI, Psychologie, Vol. 54, 1979"
  • Wartegg, Ehrig: “Design and character. Interpretation of expression of graphic design and drafting of a characterological typology ”. Diss. Univ. Leipzig; Leipzig: Barth 1939.
  • Weber, Klaus: "On the structure of the master: Philipp Lersch - a career as a military psychologist and characterologist" Published in: Kornbichler, Thomas et al .: "History and Psychology" Volume 6, 1993

Web links

http://www.salzburg-online.at/greiner-brg/pages/Index%20Psycho/persoenlichkeitstests.html

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Eka Roivainen: A Brief History of the Wartegg Drawing Test Archived from the original on April 19, 2013. Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) In: Gestalt Theory . 31, No. 1, 2009, pp. 55-71. ISSN 0170-057X . Retrieved July 26, 2012. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / gth.krammerbuch.at 
  2. ↑ Tamminen, Susanna, Lindeman, Marjaana: Wartegg — Luotettava persoonallisuustesti vai maagista ajattelua? / Wartegg: A valid personality test or magical thinking? . In: Psykologia . 35, No. 4, 2000. ISSN  0355-1067 .
  3. ↑ a b c Hartmut Häcker: Dorsch Psychological Dictionary . Ed .: Kurt-Hermann Stapf. 15th edition. Huber, Bern 2009, ISBN 978-3-456-84684-2 .
  4. ↑ I. Mader: The applicability of the Wartegg test in the personality assessment in puberty . In: Psychological Rundschau . 1952.
  5. ↑ Michael Brönnimann: Relationship between the Wartegg character test (WZT) and the German High School Personality Questionaire (HSPQ) by Schuhmacher / Catell . In: Europäische Hochschulschriften, VI series, Psychology . 54, 1979.
  6. ^ Wilhelm Josef Revers: Layer theory . In: David Katz, Rosa Katz (Hrsg.): Handbuch der Psychologie . 2nd Edition. Schwabe Verlag, Basel 1960, p. 101 .
  7. ↑ Eckart Scheerer: Personality Psychology in National Socialism . In: Theo Herrmann & Ernst-D. Lantermann (Ed.): Personality Psychology. A manual in key terms . Urban & Schwarzenberg, Munich 1985, p. 65 .
  8. ↑ Ehrig Wartegg: Shift diagnostics - The character test (WZT). Introduction to experimental graphoscopy . Verlag für Psychologie, 1953, ISBN 978-3-8017-0041-6 , pp. 35 .
  9. ↑ Egon von Eickstedt: Origin and development of the soul. Design and system of a psychological anthropology . In: Research on humans. A representation of the overall content of anthropology and racial studies . tape 3 . Enke, 1963, p. 1880 .
  10. ^ Specialist group diagnostics of the Swiss Diagnostic Commission SVB: Wartegg character test (WZT) (PDF; 53 kB)
  11. ↑ BGH 1 StR 618/98: judgment of July 30, 1999 (LG Ansbach)