Water diesel

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Water diesel
Trade names

Aquazole (total)

Brief description Diesel fuel
Characteristic components

Diesel (e.g. 60%), water (e.g. 30%), emulsifiers (e.g. 10%)

properties
Physical state liquid
safety instructions
GHS labeling of hazardous substances
no classification available
H and P phrases H: see above
P: see above
As far as possible and customary, SI units are used. Unless otherwise noted, the data given apply to standard conditions .

Water diesel is an emulsion of water and diesel fuel . Since these substances are normally difficult to mix - the water would separate from the hydrophobic , oily diesel - emulsifiers , also known as surfactants , are required for permanent, even mixing of the two substances .

Mixing ratio

A common mixing ratio is 15% water, 5% emulsifiers and 80% diesel.

properties

When using this special fuel mixture, the combustion temperature in the cylinder is reduced, there is less waste heat and nitrogen oxide emissions are reduced by up to 30%. The water content in the injected fuel droplets evaporates explosively, which further atomizes the diesel fuel and leads to a more even and complete combustion. The formation of diesel soot particles, which also contribute to pollution by fine dust , is reduced by up to 80%. In addition, the use of water diesel in the above-mentioned mixing ratio results in a consumption reduction of around 15% in the forecast.

Rheinbahn AG Düsseldorf project

A project of the Düsseldorfer Rheinbahn AG monitored by TÜV Rheinland is supposed to provide evidence. An 18-meter-long articulated city bus from the manufacturer Mercedes-Benz, type Citaro, was converted to water diesel in order to test the new fuel mixture under real operating conditions. According to a spokesman for the Rheinbahn in August 2006, the concept proved itself very well in the test. The impetus for the project was given by the fine dust problem in the greater Düsseldorf area, as well as the impending introduction of stricter emission standards for city buses by the EU: The use of water diesel is more economical than the subsequent installation of expensive filters and still brings amazing results.

But instead of the target of up to 8% fuel savings, only less than 5% was achieved. In addition, unlike in 2006, buses with low fuel consumption and good exhaust emissions according to the EEV ( Enhanced Environmentally Friendly Vehicle ) standard are now available, which are still below the prescribed limit values ​​of the Euro 5 standard.

To research the long-term effects, two buses converted to water diesel are still in use.

Long term stability

The use of water diesel has been a concept that has long been known in theory. In addition to the obvious disadvantage of the reduced tank range for the same weight, there are no suitable emulsifiers that can keep the diesel-water mixture stable for a longer period of time.

The Düsseldorf experiment is now one of the first practical implementations in the field of commercial road vehicles. Scientists from the Physico-Chemical Institute of the University of Cologne supported the engineers from TÜV and Stadtbahn AG with their specialist knowledge.

See also

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ This substance has either not yet been classified with regard to its hazardousness or a reliable and citable source has not yet been found.
  2. ↑ Water-diesel hardly has a chance ( memento from October 11, 2018), Rheinische Post, August 11, 2008.