Turn (swimming)
The turn referred the swimming a change of direction, which is usually 180 degrees - that is half a rotation - is.
swim
The turn in swimming has different shapes depending on your swimming style .
In freestyle and crawl swimming , a roll ( roll turn ) is usually carried out forwards (180 °) with a subsequent or simultaneous screw through 180 °. This is how you get to the starting position for an optimal kick off the wall. The turn can also be done “flat”, similar to the breast turn. The rules of the German Swimming Association only stipulate that the wall must be touched with any part of the body. After the turn, a maximum distance of 15 m may be covered.
According to the rules of the German Swimming Association, both hands must touch the pool wall at the same time during breaststroke swimming. This is followed by a quick turn of the body or a roll and pushing the legs off the edge of the pool. After the tack, a full cycle of movement is allowed under water. According to FINA guidelines , it does not matter which part of the body you touch the pool edge.
The turn in dolphin or butterfly swimming is carried out like the breast turn . It must be struck with both hands in the chest position, however, after the turn, a distance of 15 m may be covered submerged.
When swimming in the back , the swimmer turns into the prone position just before the wall and turns around the transverse axis of the body, as in the crawl turn. This is done by 180 ° until the feet touch the wall and the swimmer can push off in the supine position. This is followed by a diving phase with a dolphin kick until the swimmer slows down and changes to the back crawl style on the surface of the water. Alternatively, a plate turn can also be carried out.
In the case of swimming pools , the turns must be done in different ways. If the swimming style is not changed during a turn, for example after 50 m on the route 400 m between positions, the rules of the current swimming type apply. In the other three cases in which the position is changed (butterfly on back, back on chest or chest on crawl), the lane must be ended according to the swimming rules of the current situation and the new lane is started according to the rules of the next position. For the butterfly back turn, for example, this means that you first have to hit with both hands at the same time, then lie on your back and then push off in the supine position.
Water polo
With water polo , a turn is needed to quickly switch from attack to defense. This involves changing from the prone position to the supine position or to the prone position.
The change from prone position to supine position is better, because it is faster, easier and after the turn you have an overview of the coming attacking field. To do this, a quick stop must be made, starting from the ball crawl position. Meanwhile, in a crouched position, the legs are pulled past the body to the right or left near the surface of the water. When the legs are in front of the body, a swing tackle is carried out with the legs and the arms are simultaneously guided in the new swimming direction. The normal back crawl style is now applied. If the swimmer feels too slow after three to four arm strokes, he can turn into the prone position and perform the faster crawl or ball crawl style.
The change from prone position to prone position is more demanding, but can be done in all directions. To do this, starting again from the ball crawl position, a quick stop and a turn must be carried out. During the entire movement, the head is above the water and the legs are near the surface of the water. First stop the movement with one arm, then pull the knee on the same side in the direction of this hand. The other arm makes a stretching movement in the direction of the new swimming direction. The legs swing diagonally downwards in the opposite direction to the new swimming direction. The "stopping arm" makes the first crawl. From then on, the normal crawl movement continues.
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Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d German Swimming Association: Swimming competition regulations (SW) , from March 8, 2013, §§126–129