Turning system (road)

A turning system , also turning space or on slopes insert mentioned can be used as turning circle or turning area are formed and is a rectangular, trapezoidal or circular widening at the end of a dead end for turning vehicles. They are to be created when no areas of sidewalks or garage forecourt can be used for turning. The size and design of the turning hammer depends on the measurement vehicle and its towing curve . Usually these are municipal garbage trucks , articulated buses or fire brigade vehicles. In Austria such a system is called reverse course referred to in Switzerland as a sweeping space .

In Germany , seven basic forms of turning systems are distinguished in the guidelines for the construction of city streets . Both symmetrical and asymmetrical are available. Turning systems should preferably be selected in which the majority of vehicles can turn without reversing. In order to ensure the function of the turning system, parking inside the turning hammer is prohibited.

Turning hammer for cars, approx. 12.75 m × 9.00 m
Turning hammer for vehicles up to 9 m in length (two-axle garbage truck), approx. 9.0 m × 15.50 m
One-sided turning hammer for vehicles up to 10 m in length (three-axle garbage truck), approx. 20.00 m × 15.00 m
Two-sided turning hammer for vehicles up to 10.00 m in length (3-axle garbage truck), approx. 13.00 m × 21.50 m
Turning circle for a 2-axle garbage truck, 28.16 m × 18.00 m
Turning circle for a 3-axle garbage truck, approx. 19.00 m × 20.50 m
Reversible loop for articulated buses, approx. 60.53 m × 25.00 m