Wilhelm Heinrich Uhland

Wilhelm Heinrich Uhland (born January 11, 1840 in Nordheim (Württemberg) , † July 30, 1907 in Leipzig ) was a German engineer and publicist.

Wilhelm Heinrich Uhland around 1865

Life

Uhland was the son of a sawmill owner. After an apprenticeship as a mechanical engineer , he studied at the Stuttgart Polytechnic . His outstanding achievements allow him to skip the first two semesters. In 1860 Uhland briefly opened a "Technical Bureau" in Stuttgart and in 1861 the "Technical Institute of Brielmeyer & Uhland in conjunction with a technical office and machine shops" in Bregenz. This project failed due to political tensions between Prussia and the Habsburg monarchy.

Uhland was 24 years old when he saw an advertisement from the mechanical engineering company Oskar Rissmann from Mittweida in 1864 and began working in his factory as a senior designer and engineer. At that time, the Free State of Saxony was one of the leading countries in mechanical engineering . In addition, the production structures changed due to the transition from manual to industrial production, including textiles and the machines for their production.

The first mechanical looms were in Mittweida in 1864. The Mittweida Craftsmen's Association took this into account and asked Wilhelm Heinrich Uhland to give a series of lectures on the construction of steam engines. On December 7, 1864, the "Mittweidaer Tageblatt" announced these lectures. Encouraged and supported by local entrepreneurs and confirmed by the success of his lectures, Wilhelm Heinrich Uhland announced on April 8, 1865 in the “Mittweidaer Wochenblatt” that he would open a private “Technical Institute in Mittweida. (In connection with the technical bureau and machine shops.) “For the training of technicians and engineers in mechanical engineering. On May 3, 1865, he and the board of the craftsmen's association invite you to the opening of the Technicum Mittweida as a private educational institution for the training of technicians and engineers in mechanical engineering in the theater. The opening of a private teaching facility for the training of technicians and engineers is possible in the Free State of Saxony and in some other German states at this time, but not in Prussia. The disadvantage for these technical schools is that they could expect little support from the municipalities and the state. The first course at the Technicum begins with 11 pupils and six teachers.

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  Uhland also initially used this seal in Frankenberg

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  Seal of TC Frankenberg around 1867

Although Uhland recognizes the growing interest of industry and craft in information and further training and tries to combine theoretical and practical instruction in the training of mechanical engineers, it comes between the municipal committees, the craftsmen and the entrepreneurs and himself among others to disagreements about the funding of the educational institution and the training program. While Wilhelm Heinrich Uhland is more oriented towards Humboldt's ideal of education, the interests of others are much more closely linked to subject-related, practice-oriented training and the benefits that can be achieved directly. The increase in tension between Uhland and his teachers also promoted the break. Therefore Uhland accepted the offer of the mayor of the city of Frankenberg / Sa. to continue the technical center and moved to Frankenberg in April 1867.

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  Frankenberg technical center on Altenhainer Strasse

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  Sonnenstrasse building complex of the former Frankenberg technical center, 2016

In this situation, on May 2nd, 1867 in the Mittweida theater, an “Association for the Promotion of the Local Technical Center” invites to the Mittweida Theater and announces that the “Technicum Mittweida” is to be re-established on May 7th, 1867. The association names Carl Georg Weitzel (1843–1927), who has been a teacher at Uhland since 1866, as director and also raises funds to purchase new teaching materials and books. As a result, there is sharp, sometimes public, mutual accusation and defamation on both sides.

Excerpt from an advertising leaflet from 1870

Wilhelm Heinrich Uhland's hopes were not fulfilled in Frankenberg either, and in 1870 he moved to Leipzig. Here he started several technical journals, worked as a publicist for technical and scientific articles and worked as a patent attorney. He also runs a machine trade, deals with the technology of starch production and has acquired numerous patents for it. Wilhelm Heinrich Uhland died on July 30, 1907 in Leipzig.

Wilhelm Heinrich Uhland around 1900

Fonts (selection)

Uhland as an author

• Sketchbook for the practical machine constructor; an auxiliary book for machine technicians of all branches, as well as for students of technical training institutions, 1877, booklet II 1877, booklet III 1878, booklet IV 1878 (in a 12th edition published for the "machine tools" branch by HA Ludwig Degener, Leipzig)
• The Corliss and valve steam engines, as well as the related steam engine systems with and without precision control, presentation of the development, progress and construction principles of these steam engine systems for engineers, machine manufacturers, technical schools and steam engine owners with many woodcuts, sketch sheets and an atlas of 67 tables, G. Knapp Publishing bookstore, Leipzig, 1879
• The steam engines with slide control: (without precision mechanism); a presentation of the development, progress and construction principles of these steam engine systems; for engineers, machine manufacturers, technical schools and steam engine owners, 1880
• The Woolfschen and Compound Steam Engines, 1882
• The lifting apparatus; their construction, plant and operation, Hermann Costenoble Jena 1882–83, 2 parts
• Electric light and electric lighting, Veit & Comp., Leipzig 1884
• The bread bakery, biscuit and pasta production, Hermann Costenoble Jena, 1885
• Uhlands normal constructions. Uhlands technical publishing house 1904

Cover of the 1906 engineer calendar

Uhland as editor

• Manual for the practical machine constructor; A collection of the most important formulas, tables, construction rules and operating results for mechanical engineering and the branches of industry related to it. With the participation of experienced engineers and factory directors, published by WH Uhland Civil Engineer and chief editor of the "Practical Machine Constructor" etc.
  • Volume I: Machine Parts. Movement mechanisms. Engines. Transmissions. Measuring apparatus. Water and air pumps. Blowers and air compression machines, with 1538 text figures and 13 panels in photolithography, Baumgärtner's Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1883
  • Volume II: Building Construction. Heating, lighting and ventilation. Hydraulic, road and rail construction. Bridge building. Lifting apparatus, shipbuilding, with 1162 text figures and 9 panels in photolithography, Baumgärtner's Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1883
  • III. Volume: Metallurgy, iron and metal foundry and processing. Wood and stone processing. Spinning, weaving, bleaching, dyeing and finishing. Baths and laundry facilities. Manufacture of leather and rubber. Paper, wallpaper and colored paper production. Letterpress, stone, copperplate printing. Bookbinding. Flour manufacturing. Bakery and pasta production. Sugar, starch, dextrin, glucose and sago production. Chicory, chocolate and sugar confectionery production. Ice making and refrigerators. Distillery. Brewery. Glue and fertilizer production. Oil, soap and candle manufacturing. Gypsum, cement and pottery manufacturing. Electric lighting, with 1024 text figures and 52 panels in photolithography, Baumgärtner's Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1883
  • IV. Volume: Mathematics. Mechanics. Hydraulics. Physics. Chemistry. Field measurement and leveling. Coin, measurement and weight tables. Industrial laws, with 244 text figures, Baumgärtner's Buchhandlung, Leipzig 1883
• The practical Maschinen-Constructeur, magazine for machine and mill builders, engineers and manufacturers with the participation of practically proven engineers at home and abroad, Baumgärtner, published by the “Bureau des practical Maschinenconstructeurs”, Leipzig 1870, 384 p., 649 Holzstich-Abb. four advertising supplements from machine factories and from 1880 supplements to the Technischen Rundschau, the Verkehrszeitung and the Industrielle Rundschau.
• Neue Deutsche Gewerbezeitung, Leipzig, editor-in-chief WH Uhland, verifiable from 1873
• Der Phönix, Illustrirtes Centralblatt for industry, trade and economics, Verlag WH Uhland Leipzig, verifiable from 1876
• Calendar for machine engineers (from 1874)
• For everyone, Uhland's monthly magazine for progress in all areas of industry, technology and transport, Uhland's technical publishing house Otto Politzky, Leipzig 1904

Uhland as patent holder

• DRP 24303: Combined roller mill for starch production, February 18, 1883
• DRP 26521. (together with V. Machowsky, Prague): Apparatus for the production of rectangular starch or yeast cakes, as well as cube-shaped starch and yeast blocks by means of compressed air, May 1, 1883.
• DRP 32256 starch or yeast cake, innovation in the under No. 26521 patented apparatus for the production of rectangular and cubic starch and yeast blocks by means of compressed air, October 19, 1884
• DRP Kl. 89 No. 37231: Construction of a new grater for potatoes, January 15, 1886
• DRP Kl. 89 No. 36250: Construction of a new mill for chopping maize and other grains as well as potato graters for starch production, January 15, 1886
• DRP 37231: Innovation in graters for potatoes and the like for starch production, January 15, 1886.
• DRP 40922: Ejection device for starch blocks, December 9, 1886.
• DRP 79245: Channel drying system, February 14, 1894.
• DRP 79961: Door for sewer drying systems, February 14, 1894.
• US 668427 A: Apparatus for making starch, August 28, 1899.
• US 784450 A: Apparatus for making starch, September 9, 1903.
• US 860068 A: Apparatus for washing starch, Feb 28, 1905.

literature

• Jan-Peter Domschke; Hansgeorg Hofmann: The contribution of Wilhelm Heinrich Uhland (1840-1907) to the recognition of the engineering profession in industrial society . In: Sächsische Heimatblätter 62 (2016) 4, pp. 258–265
• Jan-Peter Domschke; Hansgeorg Hofmann: A technical center for the city of Frankenberg? In: Frankenberg - History in Reality, Perception and Consciousness 2018 (Vol. VI), pp. 43 - 60, ISBN 978-3-9815730-7-7
• Martin Dressel: The Uhland technical center in Mittweida . In: Scientific work of the engineering college Mittweida , 1982, pp. 10-17.
• Jan-Peter Domschke, Annerose Hahn, Hansgeorg Hofmann, Klaus Saß, Marion Stascheit, Werner Stascheit: From technical center to university. 125 years of technical education in Mittweida . University of Technology and Economics Mittweida (Ed.), Mittweida 1992, p. 8f.
• Günter Spur: The roots of the ZWF, To the publication of the 100th year 2005, ZWF, Carl Hanser Verlag Munich, 2005, year 100, p. 6f
• Schweizerische Bauzeitung, Volume 49/50 (1907), Volume 1, Issue 8, p. 102

Web links

Wilhelm Heinrich Uhland . In: Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, Vol. 19 , pp. 872–873.