Windmill from Borsfleth
The windmill from Borsfleth from 1822 was dismantled in Borsfleth and rebuilt in the Hessenpark .
The windmill in the Hessenpark
When the Hessenpark was created in the late 1970s, there were no more north Hessian mills. Only planning documents for north Hessian windmills are preserved. Therefore, a windmill from Schleswig-Holstein was in the Hessenpark translocated , had the similarity with historic windmills in North Hessen.
The windmill from Borsfleth is a Dutch windmill or cap windmill. Here the cap with the windmill blades is rotatably mounted and thus allows the mill to be placed in the wind.
Before dismantling, the mill and the technical equipment were measured by the master carpenter Ernst Hoop. The grinding mill with the original equipment is fully functional in the Hessenpark. The outer cladding was designed according to a historical example. This includes the roofing with wooden shingles and the cladding of the hull with horizontal boards with reed roofing up to the level of the surrounding gallery.
On the octagonal ground plan with a diameter of 10.144 meters, the massive 12.20 meter high corner posts bear the main load. The cap with mechanics and wings weighs about 20 tons. The height of the mill to the cap is 16 meters, to the tip of the blades it is 26 meters.
The mill in Hessenpark has a cellar. In this way, on the one hand, the slope is compensated and, on the other hand, a sufficiently stable foundation is created on the natural ground. This construction also corresponds to historical models. Mills of this type were typically built on the top of a hill in Northern Hesse and also had a cellar. In the Hessenpark the mountain side of the cellar is covered with earth, from the neighboring lake a tunnel leads into the cellar, which serves as storage area. For structural reasons, the natural stone cellar is covered by a reinforced concrete roof on which the mill stands.
History of the mill in Borsfleth
Presumably there was a grain mill in the shape of a post mill at the old location of the mill as early as the 15th century . This was destroyed in the Thirty Years' War , probably during the siege of the fortress Krempe 1627–1629. In 1635, a new post mill, the “royal mill”, was built at the same location and leased as a ban mill . The mill was flooded several times during storm surges , particularly the storm surge of October 7, 1756. In December 1813 the mill was damaged during the siege of Glückstadt. In a report from 1820, the mill was described as outdated and derelict. The present mill was therefore built in 1822. The building by the Glückstadt master carpenter Sendorf was significantly more productive than the old mill with a wing length of 12 meters and six grinding cycles. The ban law ended in 1834 and the mill was privatized in 1867. The new owner was the miller Michael Christopher Schulz. The mill was now increasingly successful. She specialized in feed mixes. The various foreign grains were transported to the mill with small flat-bottomed boats, where they were ground and mixed. A large number of outbuildings were built during this time. An excursion restaurant with a bowling alley was also added. The protectionism of the 1920s ended the business model. The feed mix business fell sharply, and the restaurant was closed. Electrification contributed to the fact that windmills became increasingly less competitive. When the mill celebrated its 350th anniversary in 1960, it had already been shut down.
literature
- Almuth Ernst: Reconstruction of a windmill - brief information on construction and expansion. In: Hessenpark, 1, 82, pp. 11-12.
- Eugen Ernst : The two windmills in the Hessenpark , in: Eugen Ernst and Heinz Reitz, mills in history and future , Hessenpark, series of publications by the Hessian Open Air Museum, issue 8, Neu-Anspach 1991, pp. 88-92.
Web links
Coordinates: 50 ° 16 ′ 45.1 ″ N , 8 ° 31 ′ 25.9 ″ E