Wolfgang Bebel

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Wolfgang Bebel (Guolfgangus Bebelius, Volfgang, Wolfgang Böbel de Justingen) (* 1491 in Ingstetten or far more likely in Schelklingen ; † before 1544 , probably in Biberach an der Riss ) was a German city doctor and poet of humanism .

Wolfgang Bebel was the son of "Haintz" Bebel from Ingstetten (father of Heinrich Bebel ) and most likely his second wife NN Myer, daughter of Konrad ("Cuntz") Myer from Schelklingen. Wolfgang's brother Heinrich was 18 years older, a fact which confirms the assumption that the two brothers came from different marriages of their father. The fact that the father Wolfgang Bebels moved from Ingstetten to Schelklingen between 1475 and 1486 can be deduced from the following archival documents: The camp book of the Justingen rule from 1497 only names two representatives of the “Bebel” family: a “Jörg Böbel” as the fiefdom of a Jauchert Acker Degental west of Ingstetten and a "Haintz Böbel zu Schälcklingen". If Wolfgang Bebel was born in Ingstetten in 1491, one would actually have to expect that his father Haintz Bebel would also have settled in Ingstetten in 1497. Instead, there is a Haintz Bebel in Schelklingen and it is very likely that it was the father of the two brothers Heinrich and Wolfgang Bebel. Haintz Bebel continues to be listed in the land records of the Urspring Monastery: although the Urspringer land register from 1475 does not name him yet, he is recorded in the land land register from 1486 . In 1486 he owned the fiefdom, which Haintz Pfortzer held in 1475. Haintz Bebel married (probably for the second time) the daughter of Cůntz Myer , a citizen of Schelklingen. This Cůntz Myer was himself a tenant of the Urspring Monastery in 1486. Between 1486 and 1502, Haintz Bebel also took over the fief of his father-in-law Cůntz Myer. In the renovation of 1502 he is named as the owner of the fiefs of Haintz Pfortzers and Cůntz Myers. In 1492 he was conspicuous and punished by the authorities when he defeated the nun Märgel von Welden in a dispute between the Schelklingers and the Urspring Monastery over the night pasture. He died in 1508, probably in Schelklingen.

Before 1503, Wolfgang Bebel attended the Latin school in Schelklingen like his brother Heinrich. In 1503 he enrolled at the University of Tübingen , where he studied with his friend Wolfgang Reichard (Wolfgangus Rychardus). In 1504 he became a Baccalaureus, on July 17, 1506 Magister, a few years later (after 1509) Dr. med. He headed the Tübingen artist faculty as dean from 1514 to 1516.

From 1522 Wolfgang Bebel worked as a city doctor ("physicus") in Biberach an der Riss. He married a daughter of the Tübingen professor Konrad Blicklin called Ebinger, who taught at the law faculty, was court judge in Tübingen and was married to a niece of Johannes and Ludwig Nauclerus . In Biberach, Wolfgang Bebel was called upon to seal documents several times, for example on November 6, 1515, December 16, 1516, December 18, 1517, May 14, 1521, May 25, 1521, February 19, 1527, March 12, 1527 and 14 March 1531. Since he is already referred to as living in Biberach on November 6, 1515 ("Dr. Wolfgang Böbel"), the previous information that he had been the town doctor in Biberach since 1522 may need to be corrected. On December 16, 1516, Wolfgang Bebel was first mentioned as "Doctor of Medicine" in Biberach, which was repeated in 1517, 1521 and 1527. The social status of the co-sealers (nobles and schoolmasters) allows the conclusion that Wolfgang Bebel was counted among the dignitaries in Biberach.

Wolfgang Bebel died before 1544. Wolfgang Bebel's son Ludwig, born around 1525, studied medicine in Tübingen ( Ludovicus Bebelius Bibrachensis ) from October 17, 1541 . In June 1544 he completed his baccalaureus artium, on February 12, 1550 the magister artium. The matriculation of the artist faculty calls him "Tubingensis" and a (later) marginal gloss as "Dr. med. ". On October 5, 1555 he moved to Ingolstadt: Ludouicus Bebelius magister artium Tübingensis . According to Georg Wilhelm Zapf, he is said to have obtained his doctorate in “Arzney scholarship” in Ingolstadt in 1555. Zapf also suspects that this Ludwig Bebel was a grandson and not a son of Wolfgang Bebel.

At the beginning of his time in Tübingen, Wolfgang Bebel was one of his brother's 18-year-old students, who included Jakob Heinrichmann , Johannes Altenstaig and Michael Köchlin (Coccinius) and who helped spread Heinrich Bebel's reputation as a innovator in the teaching of Latin. In literary terms, Wolfgang Bebel stood out because he protected his brother and teacher against critical and hostile voices in several poems, published as separate contributions in various works by Bebel, and emphasized their special qualities.

Wolfgang Bebel appears in the works of his brother primarily as his pupil. It is the best living proof of the correctness of a new concept of the study of Latin, which for the sake of the desired linguistic accuracy and beauty focuses primarily on a canon of Roman authors and their uncommented original texts. Heinrich Bebel presents his significantly younger brother to the public as a model student: "Est apud me frater Volfgangus Bebelius XIIII annos natus, is Donatum et didicit sine ullis glossis definitionumque limitationibus". Heinrich Bebel directed De modo bene dicendi to his brother , published together with Commentaria epistularum conficiendarum in 1506 by Johannes Grüninger in Strasbourg. Wolfgang Bebel, who at the time of writing had already achieved his master's degree (“ad fratrem Volfgangum Bibelium suum in artibus liberalibus magistrum”), is taught here by his brother about the correct way to speak and write Latin.

At the same time, his brother Wolfgang is the person with whom Heinrich Bebel shares his origins from a rural background. In an apology also published in 1509 against an unknown critic named Zoilu (i.e. critic), Bebel defended his provenance. Your own achievements, successful social advancement under your own steam and your personal virtues are emphasized. Nobility virtus - Heinrich Bebel himself put this principle into practice in his eyes with what he had achieved in his life; his brother Wolfgang was just about to make it come true.

Works

Wolfgang Bebel's poems were interspersed in various books by his brother Heinrich. There are no modern editions of Wolfgang Bebel's poems - just compare the digitized works of his brother Heinrich.

literature

  • Immo Eberl (1978a), History of the Benedictine Monastery of Urspring near Schelklingen 1127–1806: External relations, convent life, real estate (writings on Southwest German regional studies, vol. 13). Stuttgart: Müller & Gräff.
  • Immo Eberl (1978b), Regesten on the history of the Benedictine convent of Urspring near Schelklingen 1127–1806 (Writings on Southwest German regional studies, vol. 14). Stuttgart: Müller & Gräff.
  • Johannes Haller (1927), The Beginnings of the University of Tübingen 1477–1537. To celebrate the 450th anniversary of the university, presented by ... Part 1: Presentation. Part 2: Evidence and explanations . Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer (reprint Aalen: Scientia Verlag, 1970).
  • Heinrich Hermelink (Ed.) (1906), The matriculations of the University of Tübingen. Vol. 1: The registers from 1477–1600 . Stuttgart: W. Kohlhammer.
  • Walther Ludwig (1995), the brother of the humanist Heinrich Bebel and the Tübingen professor Konrad Ebinger. Südwestdeutsche Blätter für Familien- und Wappenkunde (published by the Association for Family and Heraldry in Württemberg and Baden, Stuttgart) vol. 21, pp. 248-252.
  • Walther Ludwig (1997), “A Tübingen Magister Examination in 1509”, pp. 193–214. In: Gilbert Tournoy and Dirk Sacré (eds.), Ut granum sinapis: Essays on Neo-latin Literature in Honor of Jozef Ijsewijn . Leuven: Leuven University Press.
  • Walther Ludwig (ed.) (1999), father and son in the 16th century: The correspondence of Wolfgang Reichart called Rychardus with his son Zeno (1520–1543) . Hildesheim: Weidmann.
  • Dieter Mertens (2008), Art. "Bebel, Heinrich". In: Franz Josef Worstbrock (ed.), German Humanism 1480–1520. Author Lexicon. Vol. 1: AK , pp. 142-163. Berlin and New York: de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-11-020639-5 .
  • Götz Freiherr von Pölnitz (Ed.) (1937), The register of the Ludwig Maximilians University Ingolstadt-Landshut-Munich . Vol. 1. Munich: J. Lindauersche Universitätsbuchhandlung (Schöpping).
  • Reinhold Rau (Ed.), The oldest Tübingen tax lists . Tübingen: H. Laupp'sche Buchhandlung, 1970 (Publications of the Tübingen City Archives, Vol. 4).
  • Franz Rothenbacher (Ed.) (2006), The camp book of the Reichsherrschaft Justingen from 1497 . Mannheim: Franz Rothenbacher. [1]
  • Franz Rothenbacher (2016), The Anton Kley Collection: old valuable books by Heinrich Bebel, Johannes Stöffler, Caspar von Schwenckfeld and other authors related to Justingen . Mannheim: Franz Rothenbacher. [2]
  • Roland Seeberg-Elverfeldt (arr.) (1958), Das Spitalarchiv Biberach an der Riss , ed. vd Archive Directorate Stuttgart. Editing of ... part. 1: Documents (1239) 1258–1534 . Karlsruhe: Braun, 1958. (Inventories of the non-state archives in Baden-Württemberg, volume 5).
  • Albert Wesselski (1907), Heinrich Bebels Schwänke: For the first time in full transcription, ed. of ... . Vol. 1. Munich and Leipzig: Georg Müller.
  • Georg Wilhelm Zapf (1802), Heinrich Bebel after his life and writings: A contribution to the older literature and scholarly history of Swabia . Augsburg: At the expense of the author and on commission from Joh. Georg Christoph Braun, 1802 (reprint: Leipzig: Zentralantiquariat, 1973). [3] .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ For the genealogy of the “Bebel” family see the family tree of the Bebel family in Rothenbacher 2016, p. 74f .; Heinrich Bebel's most recent comprehensive presentation, which also refers to Wolfgang Bebel, is Mertens 2008, especially column 143.
  2. ↑ HSTA Stuttgart H 129 vol. 180, fol. 22 u. 31st edition: Rothenbacher 2006.
  3. ↑ HStA Stuttgart H 234 Vol. 5, Schelklingen, Entry No. 27.
  4. ↑ HStA Stuttgart H 234 Vol. 6, Schelklingen, Entry No. 86.
  5. ↑ HStA Stuttgart H 234 Vol. 8, Schelklingen, Entry No. 76.
  6. ↑ HStA Stuttgart H 234 vol. 6, Schelklingen, entry no. 54.
  7. ↑ HStA Stuttgart H 234 vol. 6, Schelklingen, entry no. 54 u. 86.
  8. ↑ HStA Stuttgart H 234 vol. 8, Schelklingen, entry no. 76.
  9. ↑ Eberl 1978a, p. 88f. u. Eberl 1978b, No. 608 p. 268.
  10. ↑ Wesselski 1907, vol. 1, p. IV: the date of death in 1495 was incorrectly referred to the father instead of the grandfather Heinrich and Wolfgang Bebels; Haller 1927, part 1, p. 212; Part 2, p. 77 *; Zapf 1802, p. 62f.
  11. ↑ "Wolffgangus Böbel de Justingen"; see. Hermelink 1906, p. 138, no. 28 and Footnote.
  12. ↑ Ludwig 1999 passim; Ludwig 1997 especially p. 201.
  13. ↑ Baccalaureus facultatis artium "ex Scha (e) lklingen"; see. Hermelink 1906, p. 138, no. 28 and Footnote.
  14. ↑ Magister facultatis artium: “de Justingen”; see. Hermelink 1906, p. 138, no. 28 and Footnote.
  15. ↑ Doctor of Medicine, “Dr. medicus “; see. Hermelink 1906, p. 138, no. 28 and Footnote.
  16. ↑ Hermelink 1906, p. 138, no. 28 and Footnote.
  17. ↑ Ludwig 1995.
  18. ↑ Seeberg-Elverfeldt 1958, U 1511, U 1534, U 1559, U 1603, U 1607-1609, U 1681, U 1682 and U 1746.
  19. ^ Rau 1970: The Turkish tax lists of the university relatives from 1544, p. 54: "doctor Wolfgang Bebels leave children 3 ½ fl".
  20. ↑ Hermelink 1906, p. 308, no. 63 and Footnote.
  21. ↑ Von Pölnitz 1937, vol. 1, column 732.
  22. ↑ Zapf 1802, p. 7 and p. 62, note 38.
personal data
SURNAME Bebel, Wolfgang
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German city doctor and poet of humanism
DATE OF BIRTH 1491
PLACE OF BIRTH Ingstetten (Schelklingen) or Schelklingen
DATE OF DEATH before 1544
Place of death uncertain: Biberach an der Riss