Xenoturbella hollandorum
| Xenoturbella hollandorum | ||||||||||||
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| Scientific name | ||||||||||||
| Xenoturbella hollandorum | ||||||||||||
| Rouse et al., 2016 |
Xenoturbella hollandorum is a species of the genus Xenoturbella , which was described in 2016 together with three other species of the genus. The animals represent a very basic group of worm-like multicellular animals and are combined with the Acoelomorpha to form the Xenacoelomorpha .
features
Xenoturbella hollandorum corresponds in its characteristics to the other known species of the genus and reaches a body length of about 2.5 centimeters. The animals are light pink in color and have a pair of distinct furrows in the epidermis on the back. In addition, an annular furrow and a side furrow were discovered. The mouth opening is diamond-shaped in the relaxed state, it is on the underside directly in front of the annular furrow. The only indistinctly recognizable epidermal network on the ventral side extends to the annular furrow.
In contrast to the other described American species, no mussel DNA was identified in the holotype in the tissue in addition to the DNA of the species.
Locations and way of life
 
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Locality of Xenoturbella hollandorum
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The species was described using a specimen of unknown gender in the Monterey Deep Sea Trench off California from a depth of about 630 meters. The animal stayed on the sediment near the remains of a gray whale skeleton and a bone- eating colony of Osedax worms and was sucked from the sea floor together with other benthic organisms with the help of a Remotely Operated Vehicle (ROV).
No information is available on the animals' way of life. The sediment on which they were found was colonized by bacterial turf and other organisms, including the archivesica gigas mussel .
Systematics
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Phylogenetic system of the genus Xenoturbella according to Rouse et al. 2016
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Xenoturbella hollandorum was 2016 as a separate species, together with three other species of the genus by a working group under the direction of Greg W. Rouse scientifically described . Due to the clear similarity to the species of the genus Xenoturbella already described , it was also placed in this genus together with the other new species.
On the basis of a molecular biological DNA analysis, the relationship of the previously known species was examined, according to which X. hollandorum forms a common taxon of shallow water species together with X. bocki , which are opposed to the deep sea species X. churro , X. monstrosa and X. profunda .
The species is named after Linda and Nicholas Holland and is intended to honor their contributions to biology.
supporting documents
- ↑ a b c d e f g h Greg W. Rouse, Nerida G. Wilson, Jose I. Carvajal, Robert C. Vrijenhoek: New deep-sea species of Xenoturbella and the position of Xenacoelomorpha. Nature 530, Feb. 4, 2016; Pp. 94-97 doi : 10.1038 / nature16545
- ^ Johanna Taylor Cannon, Bruno Cossermelli Vellutini, Julian Smith, Fredrik Ronquist, Ulf Jondelius, Andreas Hejnol: Xenacoelomorpha is the sister group to Nephrozoa. Nature 530, Feb. 4, 2016; Pp. 89-93 doi : 10.1038 / nature16520
literature
- Greg W. Rouse, Nerida G. Wilson, Jose I. Carvajal, Robert C. Vrijenhoek: New deep-sea species of Xenoturbella and the position of Xenacoelomorpha. Nature 530, Feb. 4, 2016; Pp. 94-97 doi : 10.1038 / nature16545