Zagwe dynasty

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Zagwe Dynasty means "The Agau Dynasty ". After the end of the Kingdom of Aksum, she ruled Ethiopia from around 930 to 1270 at the most, when Yekuno Amlak defeated and killed the last Zagwe king. Their most famous king was Gebra Maskal Lalibela , who built the rock-hewn churches of Lalibela .

The Ethiopian historian Tadesse Tamrat claims that contrary to the practice of later rulers of Ethiopia under the Zagwe dynasty (according to the inheritance rules of the Agaw), the brother of the king was the heir to the throne.

history

The Zagwe dynasty came from a Christian princely family of the Agau . They moved the capital from Aksum to Roha in Lasta .

The number of kings of this dynasty is indefinite: Ethiopian lists provide between five and sixteen names for the kings who are said to have belonged to this dynasty . King Mara Takla Haymanot , son-in-law of the last king of Aksum, Dil Na'od , is named as the founder. However, the name of the last king of this dynasty was lost. Old surviving chronicles and oral traditions call him Za-Ilmaknun , which is clearly a pseudonym (Taddesse Tamrat translates it as "the unknown, the hidden"). This name was used shortly after the end of his rule by the Solomon dynasty and was probably an act of Damnatio memoriae . Taddesse Tamrat assumes that this last ruler was actually called Yetbarak .

literature

  • M.-L. Derat: L'énigme d'une dynastie sainte et usurpatrice dans le royaume chrétien d'Ethiopie, XIe-XIIIe siècle . Brepolis, 2018, ISBN 978-2-503-57908-5 .
  • Taddesse Tamrat: The Legacy of Aksum and Adafa. In other words: Church and State in Ethiopia . Clarendon Press, Oxford 1972, ISBN 0-19-821671-8

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