Celebrant

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Celebrant (of lat. Celebrare "celebrate, praise") is the name for one of the Holy Mass or other liturgical above cleric . At holy mass it is a priest or a bishop . He is referred to as the main celebrant ( Latin celebrans principalis ) when concelebrants officiate with him. The action of the celebrant is accordingly referred to as celebration . In the course of the liturgical reform , the term celebrans was used in the Roman Missalreplaced by sacerdos celebrans ("celebrating priest").

history

Until the Middle Ages, the entire community gathered for worship was understood as a celebrant. In the Middle Ages the people resigned, and the ministry of the priest alone became essential.

However, according to the will of the Second Vatican Council (1963), the very nature of the liturgy calls for the full active and active participation of the Christian people, who are called “the chosen sex, the royal priesthood, the holy tribe, the property people” ( 1 Pet 2 , 9  EU ; see 1 Petr 2,4–5  EU ) by virtue of baptism it is entitled and obliged ”. "This full and active participation of the whole people is to be observed most strongly in the renewal and promotion of the sacred liturgy, since it is the first and indispensable source from which Christians should draw a truly Christian spirit." The celebrant is called the "ruler" (praeses) understood in a twofold role: “As a member of the congregation, he serves it as speaker and leader; through his ordination he represents the actual ruler, the exalted Christ, on behalf of the church. ”In the name of all celebrants he speaks -“ standing in the role of Christ at the head of the congregation ”- the presidential prayers or official prayers (orationes praesidentiales) ; The bearer of these prayers is the whole congregation, who finally confirms them with “Amen”.

literature

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ In 1324 the Paderborn Liber Ordinarius formulated : "Populus celebrat." (Werner Hahne: De arte celebrandi or From the art of celebrating worship. Freiburg, Basel, Vienna 1990, p. 32 note 82 with reference to Franz Kohlschein)
  2. ↑ Franz Kohlschein: To preside over the community. On the style of liturgical leadership. In: worship. 21, 1987, pp. 17-19, here p. 17.
  3. ↑ Sacrosanctum Concilium . No. 14
  4. ↑ Franz Kohlschein: To preside over the community. On the style of liturgical leadership. In: worship. 21, 1987, pp. 17-19, here p. 18.
  5. ↑ Sacrosanctum Concilium . No. 33.
  6. ↑ Irmgard Pahl: Presidential prayers . In: Walter Kasper (Ed.): Lexicon for Theology and Church . 3. Edition. tape 8 . Herder, Freiburg im Breisgau 1999, Sp. 514 f .