Central hearing

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Central hearing (also known as hearing processing or hearing perception ) describes the part of hearing that takes place on the neural level, i.e. via nerve tracts and in the brain itself. It takes place after peripheral hearing, which is managed with the ears , more precisely: with the inner ear .

functionality

Low-level functions

Central hearing takes place in two stages, namely the processing that takes place on the unconscious level and the subsequent conscious perception . Processing takes place all the time, including during sleep. Perception, on the other hand, only takes place in the waking state . Of the five levels of linguistic competence according to M. Ptok (see illustration), only the two lower levels take place in unconscious, automated processing, while the levels above are already assigned to conscious, i.e. cognitive perception. Processing training, such as the low-level functions of the order threshold , directional hearing , pitch differentiation and pattern recognition or also the phonetic level, as in Finnish newborns by Marie Cheour from the University of Turku in Nature (Volume 415 of February 7, 2002) has been proven, can therefore even be carried out in sleep, but not all other levels from the phonological level upwards.

Importance to humans

The importance of central hearing compared to peripheral hearing has only recently been fully recognized. Until then, it was assumed, for example, that hearing impairment caused by old age was solely due to a decline in hearing performance in the ears. It was therefore considered sufficient to provide the hearing impaired with technically sophisticated hearing aids . On the basis of similar considerations, it has only recently been investigated in children with learning problems in the broadest sense whether previously undetected deficits in central hearing as a result of developmental delays or developmental disorders were the cause. In the habilitation age bondage G. Hesse has determined after a study of 477 hearing impaired that for the vast majority of hearing loss at the age of both hair cell damage in the inner ear are responsible as well as changes in central auditory neural.

See also

literature

Individual references and sources

  1. ↑ M. Ptok: Auditory processing and perception disorders and dyslexia . In: Hessisches Ärzteblatt . No. 2 , 2000, pp. 52-54 .
  2. ↑ P. Tallal: Improving language and literacy is a matter of time . In: Nature Reviews Neuroscience . tape 5 , September 2004, p. 721-728 (English).
  3. ↑ U. Tewes, S. Steffen, F. Warnke: Automation disorders as a cause of learning problems . In: Forum Speech Therapy . No. 1 , 2003, p. 24-30 .
  4. ↑ G. Hesse: Elderly hearing. Audiometric findings to differentiate peripheral and central parts of hearing ability in old age Habilitation at the ENT department of the University of Witten-Herdecke . 2003, p. 81 .