Brick oil

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Brick oil , Brick oil , oleum philosophorum and oleum benedictum are names for a pharmaceutical preparation of alchemical origins.

The oleum used to treat wounds, for example , was made from glowing bricks with subsequent distillation.

In the 10th century, the Persian doctor Rhazes described in his main alchemical work Kitāb Sirr al-asrār (Book of the Secret of Secrets) the distillation of a mixture of olive oil, white brick flour and water.

In the recipe book of the 13th century called “Grabadin” , an “Oleum philosophorum” was first written in detail. This should be distilled from rosemary oil ("Oleum de alkikil") over red brick flour and serve as a panacea .

The information about the "Oleum philosophorum" or "Oleum benedictum" from the "Grabadin" was quoted and further developed in southern German manuscripts of the 15th century, in the "Great Distilling Book" by Hieronymus Brunschwig and in Conrad Gessner's book on alchemy .

In the Amsterdam Pharmacopoeia from 1643 it was listed as "Oleum Laterum, seu Philosophorum".

The last traces of the brick oil can be found in the main work "Cours de chymie" by the French doctor and chemist Nicolas Lémery , published in 1675, which was published again and again in German translation until 1754.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Gundolf Keil : The 'Cirurgia' Peters von Ulm. Investigations into a memorial of old German specialist prose with a critical edition of the text (= research on the history of the city of Ulm, Volume 2). Stadtarchiv, Ulm 1961 (also philosophical dissertation Heidelberg 1960), p. 359.
  2. ↑ Jürgen Martin: The 'Ulmer Wundarznei'. Introduction - Text - Glossary on a monument to German specialist prose from the 15th century. Königshausen & Neumann, Würzburg 1991 (= Würzburg medical-historical research. Volume 52), ISBN 3-88479-801-4 (also medical dissertation Würzburg 1990), p. 155.
  3. ↑ Julius Ruska : Al-Razi's book Secret of the Secrets. With introduction and explanations in German translation. ( Memento of the original from September 28, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Springer, Berlin 1937, p. 221 (= sources and studies on the history of natural sciences and medicine, volume VI) @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / juliusruska.digilibrary.de
  4. ↑ Grabadin. Manuscript. Frankfurt Ms. Praed. 9, [Sl] around 1440, sheet 45vb (digitized version ) ..... Grabadin. Pressure. Translated from the Arab. corr. and ed. by Johannes Theobaldus and Marcus de Papia. Prüss, Strasbourg 1478, sheet 68 (digitized version)
  5. ↑ Heidelberg. Cpg 666, collection of medical prescriptions, Kurpfalz (?) 1478/1480, sheet 107v-110r (digital copy )
  6. ↑ Heidelberg. Cpg 545, medical recipe collection and tracts, Nuremberg (?) 1474, sheet 28r (to which belong) (digitized) sheet 167v-168v (Sant benedicten oel zu machenn) (digitized)
  7. ↑ Hieronymus Brunschwig. Liber de arte distillandi de compositis. Strasbourg 1512, sheet 52rb-53va (digitized version )
  8. ^ Conrad Gessner / Johann Rudolf Landenberger. A precious precious treasure… Zurich 1555, pp. 285–286 (digitized version )
  9. ↑ Pharmacopoea Amstelredamensis . Amsterdam 1643, p. 99: Oleum Laterum, see Philosophorum (digital copy )
  10. ↑ Nicolai Lemeri cursus chymicus, or perfect chymist ... translated from French. - ... In this 5th edition revised, corrected and enlarged by Johann Christian Zimmermann. Walther, Dresden 1754, p. 439 (digitized version)