Ziegner (glassmaker)

The Ziegner family (old spelling Cziechner , Czichner , Czychner , also Zi (e) chner ) called Schiefer was one of the oldest glassmaker families in Northern Bohemia and founders of the first glassworks in the Western Ore Mountains .

history

The Ziegners originally came from an old patrician family from the free city of Eger , which can be traced back to 1399 there. Around 1480 Hans Ziegner, court lord and lay judge in Eger, is said to have received permission from Count Schlick to build a glassworks north of Heinrichsgrün in the woods of Schönlind , on the so-called Hüttenberge, in order to practice the art of glass burning, which was introduced to Bohemia. This was probably the first glassworks in the western Ore Mountains.

In 1512 it is documented that the brothers Caspar and Nickel Ziegner owned two glassworks near Schönlind, from which the later localities of Altenhütten and Schieferhütten evolved. The document shows that the Falkenau City Council settled a dispute over the water supply and rights for the two glassworks. The brothers made disk glasses and drinking vessels. In addition, they ran a mill and also mining and thus came to prosperity. One of these glassworks was popularly named after the house name of the Ziegner “Schiefer” slate works.

In 1596 there is a glass carter in Heinrichsgrün's church registers, which indicates that glass has already been transported from the goods to distant areas. Old accounts of the Graslitz rule show that in the years from 1601 to 1631 painted coat of arms glasses were produced in the glassworks of Schieferhütten and Schönlind and all of them were sold to the house of the barons of Schönburg-Glauchau . Around 1646 the Ziegners founded another glassworks in Schindelwald . After the Thirty Years War , many glassworks in the region disappeared. The Ziegners were able to hold onto their slate glassworks as freelance smelters. When the Emperor ordered his subjects to adopt the Catholic religion or to emigrate during the Counter-Reformation , the family initially ignored this.

In 1671 it is mentioned that Georg Ziegner (d. J.) owns an estate as a glassmaker, on which there is a glassworks with a beer tavern. But the glasswork is worn and ruined. He was supposed to become a Catholic and asked the government for a 14-day cooling off period, which he was not granted. Leaving all his possessions behind, Ziegner fled overnight with his wife and child and whatever he could put on two wagons to Electoral Saxony. So Hans Hartwig Graf von Nostitz took the property into safekeeping. He had the old glass furnace torn down, converted the estate into a farmyard and put a worker on it. When Ziegner returned a few years later and was ready to accept the Catholic religion, the count refused to hand it over to him. After a settlement, Count Ziegner's estate was acquired for 725 florins and took the hitherto freelance smelter back as a subject to 1/6 of his original property.

After Ziegner's death in 1727, his sons-in-law, Georg Sebastian Deupner and Johann Rödig, applied to the rulers for the return of the property. Likewise, their grandsons Johann Rödig and Johann Andreas Deubner did the same in 1787 and 1788, with the answer that their inadmissible request would be rejected, as the estate had been in lordly possession for 116 years.

genealogy

• Niklas Czichner the Elder Ä. (* around 1340; † before 1400), citizen and merchant of Eger; ⚭ Margarethe
  • Niklas Czichner the Elder J. (* around 1360 in Eger; † before 1426), citizen and court lord of Eger
    • Erhard Czichner (* around 1400 in Eger), citizen of Eger
      • Hans Czichner (* around 1430 in Eger), citizen and court lord of Eger, founder of a glassworks
        • Caspar Czichner the Elder Ä., Citizen and court lord of Eger, glassmaker
        • Niklas Czichner (* around 1470), glassmaker, owned two glassworks with his brother Caspar.
          • Caspar Ziegner the Elder J. (* around 1510), glassmaker at the slate factory.
            • Hans Ziegner (* around 1555 in Schönlind; † before 1628 there), glass master, owned the glassworks Altenhütten and slate works; ⚭ Ursula
              • Georg Ziegner the Elder Ä. (* around 1590 in Schönlind; † before 1669 there), glass and metalworking master in Schönlind; ⚭ Anna
                • Margaretha Ziegner (* around 1615 in Schönlind); ⚭ 1636 in Neudek Christoph Schutt, pane and glass maker
                • Anna Ziegner (* around 1625 in Schönlind); ⚭ 1652 in Heinrichsgrün Andreas Gottfried, shift supervisor
                • Elisabeth Ziegner (* around 1630 in Schönlind); ⚭ 1656 in Platten Johann Putz , citizen and border customs collector
                • Georg Ziegner the Elder J. (* around 1635 in Schönlind; † before 1720 there), glassmaker and exile; ⚭ 1669 in Heinrichsgrün Anna Veronica Dentler
                  • Anna Elisabetha Ziegner (* around 1670 in Schieferhütten; † 1731 ibid); ⚭ Georg Sebastian Deupner, wood cutter
                  • Magdalena Ziegner (* around 1672; † 1735 in slate huts); ⚭ 1703 in Heinrichsgrün Johann Rödig, wood cutter
                • Friedrich Ziegner (* around 1640 in Schönlind), exile; ⚭ 1671 in Graslitz Margaretha Erhart
                  • Offspring in Schöneck.
              • Catharina Ziegner (* around 1595 in Schönlind); ⚭ 1619 in Graslitz Albert Meyl, citizen and farrier
      • Vinzenz Czichner, citizen and councilor of Eger
    • Jeronimus Czichner, priest and chaplain to Eger

Significant descendants

• Christoph Adalbert Putz (1658–1726), mountain master and entrepreneur, grandson of Georg Ziegner the Elder. Ä.
• Barbara Hessler (1695–1747), coal and steel entrepreneur and beneficiary, granddaughter of Elisabeth Putz b. Ziegner
• Johann Nepomuk Mießl (1733–1802), chief administrator and mountain judge, great-grandson of Elisabeth Putz, b. Ziegner

literature

• Dr. Alfred Riedl, Jörg Ziegner, the last master glassworker at slate works. Ed .: Neudeker Heimatbrief, Volume 34, July 30, 1952
• Harald Ziegner Schöneck, Ziegner und der Ort Schieferhütten, ed .: Der Grenzgänger, information from the Bohemian Ore Mountains, issue 26, May 2013
• Albrecht Kirsche: Cistercians, glassmakers and turners - glassworks in the Ore Mountains and Vogtland and their influence on Seiffen wood art. Waxmann Verlag GmbH Münster, 2005, p. 94, ISBN 3-8309-1544-6

Individual evidence

1. ^ Eger and the Egerland: presented historically, statistically and topographically . Medau, January 1, 1845 ( limited preview in Google Book search).
2. ^ Association for the history of the Germans in the Sudentenländer Prague: Mitteilungen . 1903 ( limited preview in Google Book Search).
3. ^ Georg Agricola: Selected works: Georg Agricola and his time, by H. Wilsdorf. With a preface by F. Leutwein . Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, January 1, 1955, OCLC 316839390 ( limited preview in Google book search).
4. ↑ Dr. Alfred Riedl: Glassworks in the Ore Mountains . Ed .: Neudeker Heimatbrief.
5. ↑ Falkenau court files, document 1512
6. ↑ Herrmann Brandl: Historical messages from the Graslitz district , 1928
7. ^ Johannes (von Tepl), Karl Bertau: Epistola cum Libello Ackermann and Das Büchlein Ackermann: Investigations . Walter de Gruyter, 1994, ISBN 3-11-014634-7 ( limited preview in Google book search).
8. ^ Edmund Ernst Hermann Stengel: Archives for Diplomatics: History of Writing, Seal, and Heraldry . Böhlau Verlag, 1998 ( limited preview in the Google book search).