Zollstrasse
At inches streets is cross-border transport routes , the duty on import and export control and requiring goods must be used (defined by Customs Act Zollstraße forced ). Traffic routes on which the import and export of goods subject to customs and control is not permitted are referred to as secondary roads . The determination of customs roads is the responsibility of the responsible customs administration of the respective state.
In addition to the mandatory toll road, there is also the mandatory airport obligation .
historical development
The term has its origin in medieval customs . At that time, Europe was made up of a few large kingdoms and church states as well as numerous small feudal states and free imperial cities . All had customs sovereignty over their national territory and on this move designated certain roads, which mostly functioned as important trade routes, as customs roads. In this way it was possible with relatively little effort to control the import and export of goods and to collect customs duties.
Since some commercial travelers tried again and again to avoid the required customs duties of the territorial rulers by using side roads, the so-called military tariff was introduced. The military customs released the border crossing with goods subject to duty on back roads against payment. In this way, customs areas were gradually formed , which expanded more and more through political and economic cooperation and made the definition of customs roads superfluous. A well-known example of this is the customs agreement in the European Union .
Legal Regulations
The legal regulations applicable to customs roads are stipulated in the customs laws of the respective states. The customs laws usually formulate a compulsory toll road for goods subject to duty and specify which traffic routes are considered to be toll roads. In Germany, Section 2 of the Customs Administration Act (ZollVG for short) deals with the movement of goods on customs roads. According to this law, toll roads include country roads as well as waterways and pipelines. The Customs Law Implementation Act (ZollrDG for short) introduced in Austria specifies provisions for customs roads in Section 20. In addition to the traffic routes that are also applicable in Germany, public railway lines and electrical lines can also be defined as customs roads in Austria. Article 22 of the Swiss Customs Act (ZG for short) contains provisions that are similar to those in Austria.