Politburo of the Communist Party of China

The Politburo of the Communist Party of China ( Chinese  中国 共产党 中央 政治局 , Pinyin Zhōngguó Gòngchǎndǎng Zhōngyāng Zhèngzhìjú ) is the central power body in the People's Republic of China . It is not democratically legitimized, has all executive powers between the plenary sessions of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, and has the actual decision-making power over the guidelines of politics.

Function of the Politburo

The Politburo of the Communist Party of China is the highest organ of the party and thus the highest political decision-making body in the PRC. The appointment to the Politburo will be announced after extensive internal negotiations in the first plenary session of the Politburo, which meets immediately after the party congress, which takes place every five years. Since the 18th party congress in November 2012, it has consisted of 25 members and mainly deals with questions of national security. It oversees the legal system, the police and the secret services. A propaganda department is responsible for the ideological work. In addition, the Politburo determines the guidelines for government policy.

The Standing Committee of the Politburo , consisting of the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China and six other members, is the center of power; its members hold the most important positions in the state.

The Secretariat of the CCP Central Committee organizes the Politburo meeting and oversees the implementation of party decisions. In the Central Committee's secretariat, there are departments for all political departments to coordinate political work. Wang Huning is responsible for managing the Secretariat for the 19th Politburo.

Current composition

The incumbent Politburo consists of 25 members, four of whom (Cai Qi, Huang Kunming, Li Qiang, Chen Min'er) can be identified as close to Xi. They are called the Zhejiang clique or the New Zhijiang Army ( Chinese  之 江新军 , Pinyin Zhījiāng Xīnjūn ), as the close circle of allies of Xi is called. You met Xi during his tenure in Zhejiang, and that's where the name comes from. For other reasons, such as B. studying together at Tsinghua University , Li Zhanshu, Liu He, Chen Xi, Li Xi, Ding Xuexiang, Yang Xiaodu and Zhang Youxia are among Xi's confidants.

Standing Committee

1	2	3	4th	5	6th	7th
Xi Jinping	Li Keqiang	Li Zhanshu	Wang Yang	Wang Huning	Zhao Leji	Han Zheng

	function	Surname	Chinese name	Place of birth, province
1.	President , General Secretary , Chairman of the Central Military Commission	Xi Jinping	习近平	Fuping , Shaanxi
2.	prime minister	Li Keqiang	李克强	Dingyuan , Anhui
3.	Chairman of the National People's Congress	Li Zhanshu	栗 战 书	Pingshan , Hebei
4th	Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference	Wang Yang	汪洋	Suzhou , Anhui
5.	Executive Secretary of the Central Committee , Director of the Central Party School	Wang Huning	王 沪宁	Shanghai
6th	Secretary of the Discipline Control Commission of the Central Committee	Zhao Leji	赵 乐 际	Xi'an , Shanxi
7th	First Vice Prime Minister	Han Zheng	韩正	Cixi , Zhejiang

Simple members

Surname	Chinese name	Place of birth, province	annotation
Ding Xuexiang	丁 薛 祥	Nantong , Jiangsu	General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party
Wang Chen	王晨	Beijing	Director of the Cyberspace Administration of China
Liu He	刘 鹤	Beijing	Vice Prime Minister of the People's Republic of China
Xu Qiliang	许其亮	Linqu County, Shandong	Vice-Chairman of the Central Military Commission
Sun Chunlan	孙春兰	Raoyang County, Hebei	Vice Prime Minister of the People's Republic of China
Li Xi	李希	Liangdang , Gansu	Guangdong Party leader
Li Qiang	李强	Rui'an , Zhejiang	Party leader of Shanghai
Li Hongzhong	李鸿忠	Changle , Shandong	Tianjin party leader
Hu Chunhua	胡春华	Wufeng , Hubei	Vice Prime Minister of the People's Republic of China
Yang Jiechi	杨洁篪	Shanghai	Director of the Foreign Affairs Commission of the CPC Central Committee
Yang Xiaodu	杨晓 渡	Shanghai	Director of the National Supervisory Commission
Zhang Youxia	张 又 侠	Beijing	Vice-Chairman of the Central Military Commission
Chen Xi	陈希	Putian , Fujian	Head of the Organization Department of the CCP Central Committee
Chen Quanguo	陈全国	Pingyu , Henan	Party leader of the Tibet Autonomous Region
Chen Min'er	陈 敏尔	Zhuji , Zhejiang	Chongqing party leader
Guo Shengkun	郭 声 琨	Xingguo , Jiangxi	Secretary of the Politics and Law Commission of the Chinese Communist Party of the Central Committee
Huang Kunming	黄坤明	Shanghang , Fujian	Head of the Propaganda Department of the CCP Central Committee
Cai Qi	蔡 奇	Youxi , Fujian	Party leader of Beijing

Historical compositions

7. Politburo (1945–1956)

At the VIIth  Congress of the Communist Party of China (April 23 to June 11, 1945) the following members of the Politburo were elected: Mao Zedong (chairman), Zhou Enlai , Ren Bishi († October 27, 1950), Chen Yun , Liu Shaoqi , Zhu De , Kang Sheng , Gao Gang († August 1954), Peng Zhen , Dong Biwu , Lin Boqu , Zhang Wentian , Peng Dehuai , Lin Biao (from April 4, 1955), Deng Xiaoping (from April 4, 1955).

8. Politburo (1956–1969)

At the 8th CPC Congress (September 15-27, 1956), the following members and candidates were elected to the Politburo:

• Chairman and Vice Chairman: Mao Zedong (Chairman), Liu Shaoqi (Vice Chairman September 28, 1956 - August 1, 1966), Zhou Enlai (Vice Chairman September 28, 1956 - August 1, 1966), Zhu De (Vice Chairman - Chairman September 28, 1956 - August 1, 1966), Chen Yun (Vice Chairman September 28, 1956 - August 1, 1966), Lin Biao (Vice Chairman May 25, 1958), Deng Xiaoping (Secretary General September 28, 1956 - March 1967)
• Members of the Politburo: Mao Zedong , Liu Shaoqi (until October 31, 1968), Zhou Enlai , Zhu De , Chen Yun , Deng Xiaoping (until March 1967), Lin Biao , Lin Boqu († May 29, 1960), Dong Biwu , Peng Zhen (until August 1, 1966), Luo Ronghuan († December 16, 1963), Chen Yi (until March 1967), Li Fuchun , Peng Dehuai (until August 1, 1966), Liu Bocheng , He Long , Li Xiannian , Ke Qingshi (from May 25, 1958, † April 9, 1965), Li Jingquan (from May 25, 1958), Tan Zhenlin (from May 25, 1958), Tao Zhu (August 12, 1966 - January 1967), Chen Boda (from August 12, 1966), Kang Sheng (from August 12, 1966), Xu Xiangqian (from August 12, 1966), Nie Rongzhen (from August 12, 1966), Ye Jianying (from August 12, 1966).
• Politburo candidates: Ulanhu , Zhang Wentian , Lu Dingyi (until May 1966), Chen Boda (until August 12, 1966), Kang Sheng (until August 12, 1966), Bo Yibo (until August 12, 1966), Li Xuefeng ( from August 12, 1966), Song Renqiong (from August 12, 1966), Xie Fuzhi (from August 12, 1966).

The Politburo Standing Committee was also formed from the members of the Politburo .

9. Politburo (1969–1973)

On the IX. At the CPC Congress (April 1-24, 1969) the following members and candidates were elected to the Politburo:

• Chairman and Vice Chairman: Mao Zedong (Chairman), Lin Biao (Vice Chairman, † September 13, 1971)
• Members of the Politburo: Mao Zedong , Lin Biao († September 13, 1971), Zhou Enlai , Chen Boda (until November 16, 1970), Kang Sheng , Ye Qun († September 13, 1971), Ye Jianying , Liu Bocheng , Jiang Qing , Zhu De , Xu Shiyou , Chen Xilian , Li Xiannian , Li Zuopeng (until September 24, 1971), Wu Faxian (until August 30, 1971), Zhang Chunqiao , Qiu Huizuo (until September 24, 1971), Yao Wenyuan , Huang Yongsheng (until September 24, 1971), Dong Biwu , Xie Fuzhi († March 26, 1972).
• Politburo Candidates: Ji Dengkui , Li Xuefeng (until August 30, 1971), Li Desheng , Wang Dongxing .

The Politburo Standing Committee was also formed from the members of the Politburo .

10. Politburo (1973–1977)

At the 10th CPC Congress (August 24-28, 1973) the following members and candidates were elected to the Politburo:

• Chairman and Vice-Chairman: Mao Zedong (Chairman, † September 9, 1976), Hua Guofeng (Chairman from October 7, 1976), Zhou Enlai (Vice Chairman, † January 8, 1976), Wang Hongwen (Vice-Chairman until October 6, 1976), Kang Sheng (vice chairman, † December 16, 1975), Ye Jianying (vice chairman), Li Desheng (vice chairman until January 8, 1975), Deng Xiaoping (vice chairman January 10th 1975 to April 7, 1976), Hua Guofeng (Vice Chairman April 7 to October 7, 1976), Deng Xiaoping (Vice Chairman from October 7, 1976).
• Members of the Politburo: Mao Zedong († September 9, 1976), Zhou Enlai († January 8, 1976), Wang Hongwen (until October 6, 1976), Kang Sheng († December 16, 1975), Ye Jianying , Li Desheng ( until January 8, 1975), Zhu De († July 6, 1976), Dong Biwu (until April 2, 1975), Zhang Chunqiao (until October 6, 1976), Hua Guofeng , Liu Bocheng , Jiang Qing (until October 6, 1976) 1976), Zhu De († July 6, 1976), Xu Shiyou , Chen Xilian , Li Xiannian , Yao Wenyuan (until October 6, 1976), Ji Dengkui , Wu De , Wang Dongxing , Chen Yonggui , Wei Guoqing , Deng Xiaoping ( from July 21, 1977).
• Politburo Candidates: Wu Guixian , Su Zhenhua , Ni Zhifu , Sai Fuding .

The Politburo Standing Committee was also formed from the members of the Politburo .

11. Politburo (1977–1982)

On the XI. At the CPC Congress (August 12-18, 1977) the following members and candidates were elected to the Politburo:

• Chairman and Vice-Chairman: Hua Guofeng (Chairman until June 28, 1981, Vice Chairman from June 28, 1981), Hu Yaobang (Secretary General from February 29, 1980, Chairman from June 29, 1981), Ye Jianying (Vice Chairman ), Deng Xiaoping (Vice Chairman), Wang Dongxing (Vice Chairman until February 29, 1980), Zhao Ziyang (Vice Chairman),
• Members of the Politburo: Hua Guofeng , Ye Jianying , Deng Xiaoping , Li Xiannian , Wang Dongxing (until February 29, 1980), Geng Biao , Wei Guoqing , Su Zhenhua († February 7, 1979), Nie Rongzhen , Ulanhu , Ni Zhifu , Fang Yi , Li Desheng , Xu Xiangqian , Peng Chong , Yu Qiuli , Liu Bocheng , Xu Shiyou , Zhang Tingfa , Chen Xilian (until February 29, 1980), Wu De (until February 29, 1980), Ji Dengkui (until February 29, 1980) February 1980), Deng Yingchao (from December 22, 1978), Chen Yun (from December 22, 1978), Hu Yaobang (from December 22, 1978), Wang Zhen (from December 22, 1978), Zhao Ziyang (from December 28 , 1978) . September 1979), Peng Zhen (from September 28, 1979).
• Politburo candidates: Chen Muhua , Zhao Ziyang (until September 28, 1979), Sai Fuding .

The Politburo Standing Committee was also formed from the members of the Politburo .

12. Politburo (1982–1987)

On the XII. At the CPC Congress (September 1-12, 1982) the following members and candidates were elected to the Politburo:

• General Secretaries: Hu Yaobang (until January 16, 1987), Zhao Ziyang (from January 16, 1987).
• Members of the Politburo: Hu Yaobang , Ye Jianying (until September 16, 1985), Deng Xiaoping , Zhao Ziyang , Li Xiannian , Chen Yun , Wan Li , Xi Zhongxun , Fang Yi , Yang Shangkun , Peng Zhen , Liao Chengzhi († 10. June 1983), Yang Dezhi , Yu Qiuli , Hu Qiaomu , Ni Zhifu , Wang Zhen (until September 16, 1985), Wei Guoqing (until September 16, 1985), Ulanhu (until September 16, 1985), Deng Yingchao (until September 16, 1985) September 1985), Li Desheng (until September 16, 1985), Song Renqiong (until September 16, 1985), Zhang Tingfa (until September 16, 1985), Nie Rongzhen (until September 16, 1985), Xu Xiangqian (until September 16, 1985) September 1985), Tian Jiyun (from September 24, 1985), Qiao Shi (from September 24, 1985), Li Peng (from September 24, 1985), Wu Xueqian (from September 24, 1985), Hu Qili (from September 24, 1985) September 1985), Yao Yilin (from September 24, 1985).
• Politburo candidates: Yao Yilin (until September 24, 1985), Chen Muhua .

The Politburo Standing Committee was also formed from the members of the Politburo .

13. Politburo (1987-1992)

On the XIII. At the CPC Congress (October 25 to November 2, 1987) the following members and candidates were elected to the Politburo:

• General Secretaries: Zhao Ziyang (until June 23, 1989), Jiang Zemin (from June 24, 1989).
• Members of the Politburo: Zhao Ziyang (until June 23, 1989), Li Peng , Qiao Shi , Hu Qili (until June 23, 1989), Yao Yilin , Jiang Zemin , Song Ping , Li Ruihuan , Hu Yaobang († April 15, 1989 ), Yang Shangkun , Wan Li , Li Tieying , Tian Jiyun , Li Ximing , Yang Rudai , Qin Jiwei , Wu Xueqian .
• Politburo candidate: Ding Guangen .

The Politburo Standing Committee was also formed from the members of the Politburo .

14. Politburo (1992–1997)

At the XIV Congress of the CCP (October 12-19, 1992) the following members and candidates were elected to the Politburo:

• General Secretaries: Jiang Zemin .
• Members of the Politburo: Jiang Zemin , Li Peng , Qiao Shi , Li Ruihuan , Zhu Rongji , Liu Huaqing , Hu Jintao , Ding Guangen , Tian Jiyun , Li Lanqing , Li Tieying , Yang Baibing , Wu Bangguo , Zou Jiahua , Chen Xitong (to September 25, 1995), Jiang Chunyun , Qian Qichen , Wei Jianxing , Xie Fei , Tan Shaowen († February 3, 1993), Huang Ju (from September 28, 1995).
• Politburo Candidates: Wen Jiabao , Wang Hanbin .

The Politburo Standing Committee was also formed from the members of the Politburo .

15. Politburo (1997–2002)

On the XV. At the CPC Congress (September 12-19, 1997) the following members and candidates were elected to the Politburo:

• General Secretaries: Jiang Zemin .
• Politburo members: Jiang Zemin , Li Peng , Zhu Rongji , Li Ruihuan , Hu Jintao , Wei Jianxing , Li Lanqing , Ding Guangen , Tian Jiyun , Li Changchun , Li Tieying , Wu Bangguo , Wu Guanzheng , Chi Haotian , Zhang Wannian , Luo Gan , Jiang Chunyun , Jia Qinglin , Qian Qichen , Huang Ju , Wen Jiabao , Xie Fei .
• Politburo Candidates: Zeng Qinghong , Wu Yi .

The Politburo Standing Committee was also formed from the members of the Politburo .

16. Politburo (2002–2007)

On the XVI. At the CPC Congress (November 8-14, 2002) the following members and candidates were elected to the Politburo:

• General Secretaries: Hu Jintao .
• Politburo members: Hu Jintao , Wu Bangguo , Wen Jiabao , Jia Qinglin , Zeng Qinghong , Huang Ju , Wu Guanzheng , Li Changchun , Luo Gan , Zeng Peiyan , Cao Gangchuan , Guo Boxiong , He Guoqiang , Yu Zhengsheng , Zhou Yongkang , Chen Liangyu (until September 24, 2006), Zhang Dejiang , Zhang Lichang , Liu Yunshan , Wu Yi , Liu Qi , Wang Zhaoguo , Wang Lequan , Hui Liangyu .
• Politburo candidate: Wang Gang .

The Politburo Standing Committee was also formed from the members of the Politburo .

17. Politburo (2007–2012)

On the XVII. At the CPC Congress (October 15-21, 2007), the following members of the Politburo were elected:

• General Secretaries: Hu Jintao .
• Politburo members: Hu Jintao , Wu Bangguo , Wen Jiabao , Jia Qinglin , Li Changchun , Xi Jinping , Li Keqiang , He Guoqiang , Zhou Yongkang , Wang Gang , Wang Lequan , Wang Zhaoguo , Wang Qishan , Hui Liangyu , Liu Qi , Liu Yunshan , Liu Yandong , Li Yuanchao , Wang Yang , Zhang Gaoli , Zhang Dejiang , Yu Zhengsheng , Xu Caihou , Guo Boxiong , Bo Xilai (until April 10, 2012).

The Politburo Standing Committee was also formed from the members of the Politburo .

18. Politburo (2012-2017)

Standing Committee

1. Xi Jinping - (General Secretary of the Communist Party of China; President of the People's Republic of China; Chairman of the Central Military Commission)
2. Li Keqiang - (Prime Minister)
3. Zhang Dejiang - (Chairman of the National People's Congress)
4. Yu Zhengsheng - (Chairman of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference)
5. Liu Yunshan - (Central Committee Secretary)
6. Wang Qishan - (Secretary of the Central Disciplinary Commission)
7. Zhang Gaoli - (First Vice Prime Minister)

Simple members

1. Ma Kai - (Vice Prime Minister)
2. Wang Huning - (Director of the Political Research Bureau of the CPC Central Committee)
3. Liu Yandong - (Vice Prime Minister)
4. Liu Qibao - (Central Secretary, Head of Propaganda Department of the CPC Central Committee)
5. Xu Qiliang - (Vice Chairman of the Central Military Commission )
6. Sun Chunlan - (Tianjin Party Leader)
7. Sun Zhengcai - (Chongqing Party leader)
8. Li Jianguo - (Vice-Chairman of the National People's Congress , Chairman of the All-China Trade Union Confederation)
9. Li Yuanchao - (Vice President of the People's Republic)
10. Wang Yang - (Vice Prime Minister)
11. Zhang Chunxian - (Xinjiang Party leader)
12. Fan Changlong - (Vice Chairman Central Military Commission)
13. Meng Jianzhu - (Secretary of the Political and Legislative Affairs Committee of the Central Committee)
14. Zhao Leji - (Central Secretary , Head of the Organization Department of the Central Committee)
15. Hu Chunhua - (Guangdong Party leader)
16. Li Zhanshu - (Central Secretary , Head of General Office of the Central Committee)
17. Guo Jinlong - (Party leader of Beijing)
18. Han Zheng - (Party leader of Shanghai)

Web links

• New leadership of Communist Party of China CHINADAILY .com.cn (English)
• www.nodulo.org - Photos of the permanent members (Spanish)
• Party Congresses of the Communist Party of China (CPC), the ruling party of People's Republic of China

See also

• Leading generations in the People's Republic of China

Individual evidence

1. ↑ ^{a b} Heilmann, Sebastian (ed.): The political system of the PR China . 3. Edition. Springer, Wiesbaden 2016, ISBN 978-3-658-07227-8 , pp. 48 f .
2. ^ Cheng Li: China's new Politburo and Politburo Standing Committee. October 26, 2017. Retrieved November 24, 2018 . 
3. ↑ Lan, Jiang: “之 ​​江新军” 崛起 “闽江 旧部” 归队. In: on.cc. January 31, 2015, accessed November 24, 2018 .