USS Devilfish: Difference between revisions

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{{short description|Submarine of the United States}}
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{|{{Infobox Ship Begin}}

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{{Infobox Ship Image
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{|{{Infobox ship begin}}
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|Ship image=[[Image:USS Devilfish;0829203.jpg|300px|Devilfish (SS-292), coming into port, circa 1945.]]
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{{Infobox ship image
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|Ship image=[[Image:USS Devilfish;0829203.jpg|300px|''Devilfish'' (SS-292) entering port, c. 1945.]]
|Ship caption=
|Ship caption=
}}
}}
{{Infobox Ship Career
{{Infobox ship career
|Hide header=
| Hide header =
|Ship country=United States
| Ship country = United States
|Ship flag={{USN flag|1946}}
| Ship flag = {{USN flag|1946}}
|Ship name=
| Ship name = ''Devilfish''
|Ship ordered=
| Ship ordered =
|Ship builder=[[Cramp Shipbuilding Company]], [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates">{{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|authorlink=|coauthors=|title=U.S. Submarines Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History|publisher=[[United States Naval Institute]]|year=1995|location=[[Annapolis, Maryland]]|pages=285–304|url=|doi=|isbn=1-55750-263-3}}</ref>
| Ship builder = [[Cramp Shipbuilding Co.]], [[Philadelphia]]<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates">{{cite book|last=Friedman|first=Norman|title=U.S. Submarines Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History|publisher=[[United States Naval Institute]]|year=1995|location=[[Annapolis, Maryland]]|pages=285–304|isbn=1-55750-263-3}}</ref>
| Ship yard number = 547
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|Ship laid down=31 March 1942<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship launched=30 May 1943<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
| Ship laid down = 31 March 1942<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
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| Ship launched = 30 May 1943<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship acquired=
|Ship commissioned=1 September 1944<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
| Ship acquired =
| Ship commissioned = 1 September 1944<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship decommissioned=30 September 1946<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
| Ship decommissioned = 30 September 1946<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship in service=
| Ship in service =
|Ship out of service=
| Ship out of service =
|Ship struck=1 March 1967<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
| Ship struck = 1 March 1967<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-dates"/>
|Ship reinstated=
| Ship reinstated =
|Ship fate=Sunk as a target off [[San Francisco, California]] on 14 August 1968<ref name="Register">{{cite book|last=Bauer|first=K. Jack|authorlink=|coauthors=Roberts, Stephen S.|title=Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775-1990: Major Combatants|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=1991|location=[[Westport, Connecticut]]|pages=275–280|url=|doi=|isbn=0-313-26202-0}}</ref>
| Ship fate = Sunk as a target off [[San Francisco, California]] on 14 August 1968<ref name="Register">{{cite book|last=Bauer|first=K. Jack|author2=Roberts, Stephen S. |title=Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775-1990: Major Combatants|publisher=Greenwood Press|year=1991|location=[[Westport, Connecticut]]|pages=275–280|isbn=0-313-26202-0}}</ref>
|Ship status=
}}
}}
{{Infobox Ship Characteristics
{{Infobox ship characteristics
|Hide header=
| Hide header =
|Header caption=
| Header caption =
|Ship class={{sclass|Balao|submarine|4}} [[diesel-electric]] [[submarine]]<ref name="Register"/>
| Ship class = {{sclass|Balao|submarine|4}} [[diesel-electric]] [[submarine]]<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship displacement=1,526 [[long ton|ton]]s (1,550 [[tonne|t]]) surfaced,<ref name="Register"/> 2,424 tons (2,463 t) submerged<ref name="Register"/>
| Ship displacement = {{convert|1,526|long ton|t}} surfaced,<ref name="Register"/> 2,424 tons (2,463 t) submerged<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship length={{convert|311|ft|8|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="Register"/>
| Ship length = {{convert|311|ft|8|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship beam={{convert|27|ft|3|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="Register"/>
| Ship beam = {{convert|27|ft|3|in|abbr=on}}<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship draft={{convert|16|ft|10|in|abbr=on}} maximum<ref name="Register"/>
| Ship draft = {{convert|16|ft|10|in|abbr=on}} maximum<ref name="Register"/>
|Ship propulsion={{Fleet-boat-propulsion-early-FM-4-E}}
| Ship propulsion = {{Fleet-boat-propulsion-early-FM-4-E}}
|Ship speed={{convert|20.25|kn|km/h|abbr=on|lk=in}} surfaced,<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs">''U.S. Submarines Through 1945'' pp. 305-311</ref> {{convert|8.75|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
| Ship speed = {{convert|20.25|kn|km/h|abbr=on|lk=in}} surfaced,<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs">''U.S. Submarines Through 1945'' pp. 305-311</ref> {{convert|8.75|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} submerged<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship range={{convert|11000|nmi|km|abbr=on}} @ {{convert|10|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} surfaced<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
| Ship range = {{convert|11000|nmi|km|abbr=on}} @ {{convert|10|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} surfaced<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship endurance=48 hours @ {{convert|2|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} submerged,<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/> 75 days on patrol
| Ship endurance = 48 hours @ {{convert|2|kn|km/h|abbr=on}} submerged,<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/> 75 days on patrol
|Ship test depth={{convert|400|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
| Ship test depth = {{convert|400|ft|abbr=on}}<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship complement=10 officers, 70–71 enlisted<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
| Ship complement = 10 officers, 70–71 enlisted<ref name="FriedmanSubs1-specs"/>
|Ship sensors=
| Ship sensors =
|Ship EW=
| Ship EW =
|Ship armament={{Fleet-boat-armament-5-inch}}
| Ship armament = {{Fleet-boat-armament-5-inch}}
}}
}}
|}
|}


'''USS ''Devilfish'' (SS/AGSS-292)''', a [[Balao class submarine|''Balao''-class]] [[submarine]], was a ship of the [[United States Navy]] named for the [[devil fish]], any of several gigantic, viviparous [[batoidea|rays]] found in warm seas, the [[octopus]] or other large [[cephalopod]]s.
'''USS ''Devilfish'' (SS/AGSS-292)''', a [[Balao class submarine|''Balao''-class]] [[submarine]], was a ship of the [[United States Navy]] named for the [[devil fish]].


==Construction and commissioning==
''Devilfish'' was launched on 30 May 1943 by [[Cramp Shipbuilding Co.]], [[Philadelphia, Pennsylvania]]; sponsored by Mrs. F. W. Fenno, Jr.; and commissioned on 1 September 1944, [[Commander]] Edward Clark Stephen in command.
''Devilfish'' was [[Ceremonial ship launching|launched]] on 30 May 1943 by [[Cramp Shipbuilding Company]], [[Philadelphia]], [[Pennsylvania]], sponsored by Mrs. [[Frank W. Fenno Jr.]], and [[Ship commissioning|commissioned]] on 1 September 1944.


==Service history==
==Service history==
''Devilfish'' aided the training program of the Fleet Sonar School at [[Key West]] from 18 October-2 November 1944. She reached [[Pearl Harbor]] on 2 December. On the last day of the year, she sailed on her first war patrol, putting into [[Saipan]] to refuel from 12–15 January 1945.
''Devilfish'' aided the training program of the [[Fleet Sonar School]] at [[Key West]] from 18 October-2 November 1944. She reached [[Pearl Harbor]] on 2 December. On the last day of the year, she sailed on her first war patrol, putting into [[Saipan]] to refuel from 12 to 15 January 1945.


''Devilfish'' patrolled the dangerous waters of [[Kii Suido]] and [[Bungo Suido]] off the island of [[Shikoku]], and served as lifeguard for Army pilots making bombing raids on [[Japan]]. She refitted at Guam from 13 February-15 March, called at Saipan, and sailed on 16 March for her second war patrol.
''Devilfish'' patrolled the dangerous waters of [[Kii Suido]] and [[Bungo Suido]] off the island of [[Shikoku]], and served as [[Lifeguard League|lifeguard]] for Army pilots making bombing raids on [[Japan]]. She refitted at Guam from 13 February-15 March, called at Saipan, and sailed on 16 March for her second war patrol.


Assigned to the area between [[Sagami Wan]] and the northern [[Nanpō Islands]], ''Devilfish'' was attacked by a ''[[kamikaze]]'' plane on 20 March before she entered her patrol area. The plane crashed into her as the submarine was submerging, destroying the mast structure and causing serious leakage. ''Devilfish'' returned to Saipan and Pearl Harbor for repairs, departing Pearl Harbor on 20 May on her third patrol.
Assigned to the area between [[Sagami Wan]] and the northern [[Nanpō Islands]], ''Devilfish'' was attacked by a ''[[kamikaze]]'' plane on 20 March before she entered her patrol area.<ref name="Smith">{{cite book|last1=Smith|first1=Peter C|title=Kamikaze To Die For The Emperor|date=2014|publisher=Pen & Sword Books Ltd|location=Barnsley, UK|isbn=9781781593134|pages=37–39}}</ref> The plane crashed into her as the submarine was submerging, destroying the mast structure and causing serious leakage.<ref name="Smith" /> ''Devilfish'' returned to Saipan and Pearl Harbor for repairs, departing Pearl Harbor on 20 May on her third patrol.


She sought targets in Bungo Suido and off northern [[Honshū]], and on 16 June, in heavy seas, attacked an enemy submarine carrying a midget submarine on its deck. On 26 June, she attacked an escort ship, but in both cases the targets escaped. During this patrol she acted as lifeguard for strikes accompanying the [[Battle of Okinawa|Okinawa operation]], and several times rendezvoused with other submarines to take off medical cases and previously rescued aviators.
She sought targets in Bungo Suido and off northern [[Honshū]], and on 16 June, in heavy seas, attacked an enemy submarine carrying a midget submarine on its deck. On 26 June, she attacked an escort ship, but in both cases the targets escaped. During this patrol she acted as lifeguard for strikes accompanying the [[Battle of Okinawa|Okinawa operation]], and several times rendezvoused with other submarines to take off medical cases and previously rescued aviators.


''The USS Devilfish'' pulled in to [[Guam]] to refit from 7 July-2 August, then sailed to the Nanpō Islands for her fourth war patrol, during which her primary mission was lifeguard duty for the [[United States Third Fleet|3rd Fleet]] raids on Japan. On 10 August, she bombarded [[Torishima (Izu Islands)|Tori Shima]], and on 16 August, after the end of hostilities, departed for [[Midway Atoll|Midway]] and [[San Francisco]].
''Devilfish'' called at to [[Guam]] to refit from 7 July-2 August, then sailed to the Nanpō Islands for her fourth war patrol, during which her primary mission was lifeguard duty for the [[United States Third Fleet|3rd Fleet]] raids on Japan. On 10 August, she bombarded [[Torishima (Izu Islands)|Tori Shima]], and on 16 August, after the end of hostilities, departed for [[Midway Atoll|Midway]] and [[San Francisco]].


[[Image:USS Devilfish;0829206.jpg|thumb|left|''Devilfish'', being sunk as a target by {{USS|Wahoo|SS-565|2}}, 1968.]]
[[Image:USS Devilfish sunk as target 1968.jpg|thumb|left|''Devilfish'', being sunk as a target by {{USS|Wahoo|SS-565|2}}, 1968.]]


There she was placed in commission in reserve on 18 April 1946, and out of commission in reserve on 30 September 1946. Laid up in the [[Pacific Reserve Fleet]], ''Devilfish'' was redesignated '''AGSS-292'''. She was struck from the [[Naval Vessel Register]] on 1 March 1967.
There she was placed in commission in reserve on 18 April 1946, and out of commission in reserve on 30 September 1946. Laid up in the [[Pacific Reserve Fleet]], ''Devilfish'' was redesignated '''AGSS-292'''. She was struck from the [[Naval Vessel Register]] on 1 March 1967.


''Devilfish'' was sunk by the submarine [[USS Wahoo (SS-565)|USS ''Wahoo'' (SS-565)]] off [[San Francisco, California]] on 14 August 1968, as part of a MK 16 MOD 8 torpedo test at {{coord|37|5|N|124|8|W}} in 2000 [[fathom]]s (12,000 feet or 3,700 meters) of water.
''Devilfish'' was sunk by the submarine [[USS Wahoo (SS-565)|USS ''Wahoo'' (SS-565)]] off [[San Francisco, California]] on 14 August 1968, as part of a MK 16 MOD 8 torpedo test at {{coord|37|5|N|124|8|W}} in {{convert|2000|fathom|ft m|lk=in}} of water.

She was also in Herman Wouk's book The Winds of War, as the submarine that Byron Henry serves on, for most of the duration of the novel. Near the end, Byron becomes a submariner, and the Devilfish disappears.


==Awards==
==Awards==
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*{{navsource|08/08292|Devilfish}}
*{{navsource|08/08292|Devilfish}}


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{{Balao class submarine}}
{{Balao class submarine}}
{{1968 shipwrecks}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Devilfish (Ss-292)}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Devilfish (Ss-292)}}
[[Category:Balao class submarines]]
[[Category:Balao-class submarines]]
[[Category:World War II submarines of the United States]]
[[Category:World War II submarines of the United States]]
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[[Category:Ships damaged by kamikaze attack]]
[[Category:Cold War submarines of the United States]]
[[Category:Cold War submarines of the United States]]
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[[Category:Ships built by William Cramp & Sons]]
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[[Category:1943 ships]]
[[Category:Ships sunk as targets]]
[[Category:Ships sunk as targets]]
[[Category:Maritime incidents in 1968]]
[[Category:Shipwrecks of the California coast]]
[[Category:Shipwrecks of the California coast]]
[[Category:Ships built in Pennsylvania]]
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[[Category:1943 ships]]

[[ja:デビルフィッシュ (潜水艦)]]
[[sl:USS Devilfish (SS-292)]]

Latest revision as of 21:48, 27 June 2023

Devilfish (SS-292) entering port, c. 1945.
History
United States
NameDevilfish
BuilderCramp Shipbuilding Co., Philadelphia[1]
Yard number547
Laid down31 March 1942[1]
Launched30 May 1943[1]
Commissioned1 September 1944[1]
Decommissioned30 September 1946[1]
Stricken1 March 1967[1]
FateSunk as a target off San Francisco, California on 14 August 1968[2]
General characteristics
Class and typeBalao class diesel-electric submarine[2]
Displacement1,526 long tons (1,550 t) surfaced,[2] 2,424 tons (2,463 t) submerged[2]
Length311 ft 8 in (95.00 m)[2]
Beam27 ft 3 in (8.31 m)[2]
Draft16 ft 10 in (5.13 m) maximum[2]
Propulsion
Speed20.25 kn (37.50 km/h) surfaced,[3] 8.75 kn (16.21 km/h) submerged[3]
Range11,000 nmi (20,000 km) @ 10 kn (19 km/h) surfaced[3]
Endurance48 hours @ 2 kn (3.7 km/h) submerged,[3] 75 days on patrol
Test depth400 ft (120 m)[3]
Complement10 officers, 70–71 enlisted[3]
Armament

USS Devilfish (SS/AGSS-292), a Balao-class submarine, was a ship of the United States Navy named for the devil fish.

Construction and commissioning[edit]

Devilfish was launched on 30 May 1943 by Cramp Shipbuilding Company, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, sponsored by Mrs. Frank W. Fenno Jr., and commissioned on 1 September 1944.

Service history[edit]

Devilfish aided the training program of the Fleet Sonar School at Key West from 18 October-2 November 1944. She reached Pearl Harbor on 2 December. On the last day of the year, she sailed on her first war patrol, putting into Saipan to refuel from 12 to 15 January 1945.

Devilfish patrolled the dangerous waters of Kii Suido and Bungo Suido off the island of Shikoku, and served as lifeguard for Army pilots making bombing raids on Japan. She refitted at Guam from 13 February-15 March, called at Saipan, and sailed on 16 March for her second war patrol.

Assigned to the area between Sagami Wan and the northern Nanpō Islands, Devilfish was attacked by a kamikaze plane on 20 March before she entered her patrol area.[7] The plane crashed into her as the submarine was submerging, destroying the mast structure and causing serious leakage.[7] Devilfish returned to Saipan and Pearl Harbor for repairs, departing Pearl Harbor on 20 May on her third patrol.

She sought targets in Bungo Suido and off northern Honshū, and on 16 June, in heavy seas, attacked an enemy submarine carrying a midget submarine on its deck. On 26 June, she attacked an escort ship, but in both cases the targets escaped. During this patrol she acted as lifeguard for strikes accompanying the Okinawa operation, and several times rendezvoused with other submarines to take off medical cases and previously rescued aviators.

Devilfish called at to Guam to refit from 7 July-2 August, then sailed to the Nanpō Islands for her fourth war patrol, during which her primary mission was lifeguard duty for the 3rd Fleet raids on Japan. On 10 August, she bombarded Tori Shima, and on 16 August, after the end of hostilities, departed for Midway and San Francisco.

Devilfish, being sunk as a target by Wahoo, 1968.

There she was placed in commission in reserve on 18 April 1946, and out of commission in reserve on 30 September 1946. Laid up in the Pacific Reserve Fleet, Devilfish was redesignated AGSS-292. She was struck from the Naval Vessel Register on 1 March 1967.

Devilfish was sunk by the submarine USS Wahoo (SS-565) off San Francisco, California on 14 August 1968, as part of a MK 16 MOD 8 torpedo test at 37°5′N 124°8′W / 37.083°N 124.133°W / 37.083; -124.133 in 2,000 fathoms (12,000 ft; 3,700 m) of water.

Awards[edit]

Devilfish received three battle stars for her World War II service; her second war patrol was designated as "successful".

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b c d e f Friedman, Norman (1995). U.S. Submarines Through 1945: An Illustrated Design History. Annapolis, Maryland: United States Naval Institute. pp. 285–304. ISBN 1-55750-263-3.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g Bauer, K. Jack; Roberts, Stephen S. (1991). Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775-1990: Major Combatants. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. pp. 275–280. ISBN 0-313-26202-0.
  3. ^ a b c d e f U.S. Submarines Through 1945 pp. 305-311
  4. ^ a b c d e Bauer, K. Jack; Roberts, Stephen S. (1991). Register of Ships of the U.S. Navy, 1775–1990: Major Combatants. Westport, Connecticut: Greenwood Press. pp. 271–280. ISBN 978-0-313-26202-9.
  5. ^ U.S. Submarines Through 1945 pp. 261–263
  6. ^ a b c U.S. Submarines Through 1945 pp. 305–311
  7. ^ a b Smith, Peter C (2014). Kamikaze To Die For The Emperor. Barnsley, UK: Pen & Sword Books Ltd. pp. 37–39. ISBN 9781781593134.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to USS Devilfish (SS-292).
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