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{{Short description|Tribe of grasses}}
{{Taxobox
{{Automatic taxobox
|name = Paniceae
|name = Paniceae
|image = Foxtailmillet.jpg
|image = Foxtailmillet.jpg
|image_caption = Foxtail millet (''[[Foxtail millet|Setaria italica]]'')
|image_caption = Foxtail millet (''[[Foxtail millet|Setaria italica]]'')
|display_parents = 3
|regnum = [[Plantae]]
|parent_authority = L.Liu (1980)
|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]]
|taxon = Paniceae
|unranked_classis = [[Monocots]]
|authority = R.Br. (1814){{Sfn|Brown 1814|p=582}}
|unranked_ordo = [[Commelinids]]
|ordo = [[Poales]]
|familia = [[Poaceae]]
|subfamilia = [[Panicoideae]]
|tribus = '''Paniceae'''
|tribus_authority = R.Br. (1814){{Sfn|Brown 1814|p=582}}
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision_ranks = Genera
|subdivision = 84, see text
|subdivision = 84, see text
Line 18: Line 14:
*Digitarieae {{small|J.J.Schmitz & Regel (1841)}}
*Digitarieae {{small|J.J.Schmitz & Regel (1841)}}
*Paniceae {{small|Horan. (1847, as Panicinae)}}
*Paniceae {{small|Horan. (1847, as Panicinae)}}
*Spinificeae {{small|Dumort. (1829)}}
*Spinificeae {{small|Dumort. (1829)}}
*Melinideae {{small|Hitchc. (1920)}}
*Melinideae {{small|Hitchc. (1920)}}
*Boivinelleae {{small|A. Camus (1925)}}
*Boivinelleae {{small|A. Camus (1925)}}
Line 25: Line 21:
*Cyphochlaeneae {{small|Bosser (1965)}}
*Cyphochlaeneae {{small|Bosser (1965)}}
*Neurachneae {{small|S.T. Blake (1972)}}
*Neurachneae {{small|S.T. Blake (1972)}}
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="SorengPeterson2015"/>
|synonyms_ref = <ref name="SorengPeterson2017" />
}}
}}
'''Paniceae''' is a large [[tribe (biology)|tribe]] of the [[Panicoideae]] [[subfamily]] in the grasses ([[Poaceae]]), including roughly 1,500 species in 84 genera.<ref name="SorengPeterson2015"/> They are primarily found in [[tropical]] and [[subtropical]] regions of the world.{{Sfn|Barkworth 2003|pp=353–602}} Paniceae includes species using either of the [[C4 carbon fixation|C<sub>4</sub>]] and [[C3 photosynthesis|C<sub>3</sub>]] photosynthetic pathways, as well as presumably intermediate species.<ref name="SorengPeterson2015">{{cite journal |last1=Soreng |first1=Robert J. |last2=Peterson |first2=Paul M. |last3=Romschenko |first3=Konstantin |last4=Davidse |first4=Gerrit |last5=Zuloaga |first5=Fernando O. |last6=Judziewicz |first6=Emmet J. |last7=Filgueiras |first7=Tarciso S. |last8=Davis |first8=Jerrold I. |last9=Morrone |first9=Osvaldo |title=A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) |journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution |volume=53 |issue=2 |year=2015 |pages=117–137 |issn=16744918 |doi=10.1111/jse.12150}} {{open access}}</ref> Most of the [[millets]] are members of tribe Paniceae.


The tribe is subdivided into seven subtribes, but some genera are as yet unplaced (''[[incertae sedis]]'').<ref name="SorengPeterson2015"/> Species in the Paniceae have a [[chromosome]] number of ''x'' = 9, while species with ''x'' = 10 formerly included are now recognised as separate tribe, [[Paspaleae]].<ref name="MorroneAagesen2012">{{cite journal|last1=Morrone|first1=Osvaldo|last2=Aagesen|first2=Lone|last3=Scataglini|first3=Maria A.|last4=Salariato|first4=Diego L.|last5=Denham|first5=Silvia S.|last6=Chemisquy|first6=Maria A.|last7=Sede|first7=Silvana M.|last8=Giussani|first8=Liliana M.|last9=Kellogg|first9=Elizabeth A.|last10=Zuloaga|first10=Fernando O.|title=Phylogeny of the Paniceae (Poaceae: Panicoideae): integrating plastid DNA sequences and morphology into a new classification|journal=Cladistics|volume=28|issue=4|year=2012|pages=333–356|issn=07483007|doi=10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00384.x}} {{open access}}</ref>
'''Paniceae''' is a large [[tribe (biology)|tribe]] of the [[subfamily]] [[Panicoideae]] in the grasses ([[Poaceae]]), the only in the [[monotypic taxon|monotypic]] supertribe '''Panicodae'''. It includes roughly 1,500 species in 84 genera, primarily found in [[tropical]] and [[subtropical]] regions of the world.<ref name="SorengPeterson2017" />{{Sfn|Barkworth 2003|pp=353–602}} Paniceae includes species using either of the [[C4 carbon fixation|C<sub>4</sub>]] and [[C3 photosynthesis|C<sub>3</sub>]] photosynthetic pathways, as well as presumably intermediate species.<ref name="SorengPeterson2017b">{{cite journal |last1=Soreng |first1=Robert J. |last2=Peterson |first2=Paul M. |last3=Romschenko |first3=Konstantin |last4=Davidse |first4=Gerrit |last5=Zuloaga |first5=Fernando O. |last6=Judziewicz |first6=Emmet J. |last7=Filgueiras |first7=Tarciso S. |last8=Davis |first8=Jerrold I. |last9=Morrone |first9=Osvaldo |title=A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) |journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution |volume=53 |issue=2 |year=2015 |pages=117–137 |issn=1674-4918 |doi=10.1111/jse.12150|s2cid=84052108|hdl=11336/25248 |hdl-access=free }} {{open access}}</ref> Most of the [[millets]] are members of tribe Paniceae.


The tribe is subdivided into seven subtribes, but some genera are as yet unplaced (''[[incertae sedis]]'').<ref name="SorengPeterson2017" /> Species in the Paniceae have an ancestral [[chromosome]] number ([[monoploid number]]) of ''x'' = 9, while species with ''x'' = 10 formerly included are now recognised as separate tribe, [[Paspaleae]].<ref name="MorroneAagesen2012">{{cite journal|last1=Morrone|first1=Osvaldo|last2=Aagesen|first2=Lone|last3=Scataglini|first3=Maria A.|last4=Salariato|first4=Diego L.|last5=Denham|first5=Silvia S.|last6=Chemisquy|first6=Maria A.|last7=Sede|first7=Silvana M.|last8=Giussani|first8=Liliana M.|last9=Kellogg|first9=Elizabeth A.|last10=Zuloaga|first10=Fernando O.|title=Phylogeny of the Paniceae (Poaceae: Panicoideae): integrating plastid DNA sequences and morphology into a new classification|journal=Cladistics|volume=28|issue=4|year=2012|pages=333–356|issn=0748-3007|doi=10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00384.x|s2cid=86258463}}</ref>
==Subtribus==
{{Div col}}
* Anthephorinae
* Boivinellinae
* Cenchrinae
* Dichantheliinae
* Melinidinae
* Neurachninae
* Panicinae
{{Div col end}}


==Subtribes and genera==
==Genera==
Subdivisions:<ref name="SorengPeterson2017" />
{{Div col}}

* ''[[Achlaena (plant)|Achlaena]]''
{{columns-list|colwidth=15em|
* ''[[Acostia]]''
;''incertae sedis''
* ''[[Acritochaete]]''
* ''[[Acroceras]]''
*''[[Chloachne]]''
*''[[Homopholis (plant)|Homopholis]]'' (syn. ''[[Walwhalleya]]'')
* ''[[Alexfloydia]]''
* ''[[Alloteropsis]]''
*''[[Hydrothauma]]''
* ''[[Amphicarpum]]''
*''[[Hylebates]]''
* ''[[Ancistrachne]]''
*''[[Kellochloa]]''
* ''[[Anthaenantiopsis]]''
*''[[Oryzidium]]''
* ''[[Anthaenantia]]''
*''[[Sacciolepis]]''
* ''[[Anthephora]]''
*''[[Thedachloa]]''
* ''[[Arthragrostis]]''
*''[[Trichanthecium]]''

* ''[[Arthropogon]]''
;Anthephorinae
* ''[[Axonopus]]''
* ''[[Baptorhachis]]''
*''[[Anthephora]]''
* ''[[Beckeropsis]]''
*''[[Chaetopoa]]''
* ''[[Boivinella]]''
*''[[Chlorocalymma]]''
* ''[[Brachiaria]]''
*''[[Digitaria]]''
* ''[[Calyptochloa]]''
*''[[Megaloprotachne]]''
* ''[[Camusiella]]''
*''[[Taeniorhachis]]''
* ''[[Cenchrus]]''
*''[[Tarigidia]]''
* ''[[Centrochloa]]''
*''[[Thyridachne]]''
* ''[[Chaetium]]''
*''[[Trachys (plant)|Trachys]]''

* ''[[Chaetopoa]]''
;Dichantheliinae
* ''[[Chamaeraphis]]''
* ''[[Chasechloa]]''
*''[[Adenochloa]]''
* ''[[Chloachne]]''
*''[[Dichanthelium]]''

* ''[[Chlorocalymma]]''
;Boivinellinae
* ''[[Cleistochloa]]''
* ''[[Cliffordiochloa]]''
*''[[Acroceras]]''
* ''[[Commelinidium]]''
*''[[Alloteropsis]]''
* ''[[Cymbosetaria]]''
*''[[Amphicarpum]]''
* ''[[Cyphochlaena]]''
*''[[Chasechloa]]''
* ''[[Dallwatsonia]]''
*''[[Cyphochlaena]]''
* ''[[Dichanthelium]]''
*''[[Cyrtococcum]]''
* ''[[Digitaria]]''
*''[[Echinochloa]]''
* ''[[Digitariopsis]]''
*''[[Entolasia]]''
* ''[[Dimorphochloa]]''
*''[[Lasiacis]]''
* ''[[Dissochondrus]]''
*''[[Mayariochloa]]''
* ''[[Eccoptocarpha]]''
*''[[Microcalamus]]''
* ''[[Echinochloa]]''
*''[[Morronea]]''
* ''[[Echinolaena]]''
*''[[Oplismenus]]''
* ''[[Entolasia]]''
*''[[Ottochloa]]''
* ''[[Eriochloa]]''
*''[[Parodiophyllochloa]]''
* ''[[Fasciculochloa]]''
*''[[Poecilostachys]]''
* ''[[Gerritea]]''
*''[[Pseudechinolaena]]''
* ''[[Holcolemma]]''
*''[[Setiacis]]''

* ''[[Homolepis]]''
;Neurachninae
* ''[[Homopholis (plant)|Homopholis]]''
* ''[[Hopia obtusa|Hopia]]''
*''[[Ancistrachne]]''
* ''[[Hydrothauma]]''
*''[[Calyptochloa]]''
* ''[[Hygrochloa]]''
*''[[Cleistochloa]]''
* ''[[Hylebates]]''
*''[[Neurachne]]''
* ''[[Hymenachne]]''
*''[[Paraneurachne]]''
* ''[[Ichnanthus]]''
*''[[Thyridolepis]]''

* ''[[Ixophorus]]''
;Melinidinae
* ''[[Lasiacis]]''
* ''[[Lecomtella]]''
*''[[Chaetium]]''
* ''[[Leptocoryphium]]''
*''[[Eccoptocarpha]]''
* ''[[Leptoloma]]''
*''[[Eriochloa]]''
* ''[[Leucophrys]]''
*''[[Leucophrys (plant)|Leucophrys]]''
*''[[Megathyrsus]]'' (syn. ''Pseudobrachiaria''?)
* ''[[Louisiella]]''
*''[[Melinis]]'' (syn. ''[[Mildbraediochloa]]'', ''[[Rhynchelytrum]]'')
* ''[[Megaloprotachne]]''
* ''[[Melinis]]''
*''[[Moorochloa]]''
* ''[[Mesosetum]]''
*''[[Rupichloa]]''
* ''[[Microcalamus]]''
*''[[Scutachne]]''
* ''[[Mildbraediochloa]]''
*''[[Thuarea]]''
* ''[[Odontelytrum]]''
*''[[Tricholaena]]''
* ''[[Ophiochloa]]''
*''[[Urochloa]]'' (syn. ''[[Brachiaria]]'')
* ''[[Oplismenopsis]]''
*''[[Yvesia]]''

* ''[[Oplismenus]]''
;Panicinae
* ''[[Oryzidium]]''
* ''[[Otachyrium]]''
*''[[Louisiella]]''
* ''[[Ottochloa]]''
*''[[Panicum]]'' (syn. ''[[Arthragrostis]]'')
* ''[[Panicum]]''
*''[[Yakirra]]''

* ''[[Paratheria]]''
;Cenchrinae
* ''[[Parectenium]]''
* ''[[Paspalidium]]''
*''[[Acritochaete]]''
* ''[[Paspalum]]''
*''[[Alexfloydia]]''
*''[[Cenchrus]]'' (syn. ''[[Cenchropsis]]'', ''Echinaria'', ''[[Kikuyuochloa]]'', ''Nastus'', ''[[Odontelytrum]]'', ''[[Pennisetum]]'', ''[[Snowdenia]]'')
* ''[[Pennisetum]]''
* ''[[Perulifera]]''
*''[[Chamaeraphis]]''
* ''[[Plagiantha]]''
*''[[Dissochondrus]]''
* ''[[Plagiosetum]]''
*''[[Holcolemma]]''
* ''[[Poecilostachys]]''
*''[[Hygrochloa]]''
* ''[[Pseudechinolaena]]''
*''[[Ixophorus]]''
* ''[[Pseudochaetochloa]]''
*''[[Paractaenum]]''
* ''[[Pseudoraphis]]''
*''[[Paratheria]]''
* ''[[Reimarochloa]]''
*''[[Plagiosetum]]''
* ''[[Reynaudia]]''
*''[[Pseudochaetochloa]]''
* ''[[Rhynchelytrum]]''
*''[[Pseudoraphis]]''
*''[[Setaria]]'' (syn. ''[[Camusiella]]'', ''[[Paspalidium]]'')
* ''[[Sacciolepis]]''
* ''[[Scutachne]]''
*''[[Setariopsis]]''
* ''[[Setaria]]''
*''[[Spinifex (coastal grass)|Spinifex]]''
* ''[[Setariopsis]]''
*''[[Stenotaphrum]]''
* ''[[Snowdenia]]''
*''[[Stereochlaena]]''
* ''[[Spheneria]]''
*''[[Streptolophus]]''
* ''[[Spinifex (genus)|Spinifex]]''
*''[[Uranthoecium]]''
* ''[[Steinchisma]]''
*''[[Whiteochloa]]''
* ''[[Stenotaphrum]]''
*''[[Xerochloa]]''
* ''[[Stereochlaena]]''
*''[[Zuloagaea]]''
* ''[[Streptolophus]]''
*''[[Zygochloa]]''
}}
* ''[[Streptostachys]]''
* ''[[Taeniorhachis]]''
* ''[[Tarigidia]]''
* ''[[Tatianyx]]''
* ''[[Thrasya]]''
* ''[[Thrasyopsis]]''
* ''[[Thuarea]]''
* ''[[Thyridachne]]''
* ''[[Trachys (plant)|Trachys]]''
* ''[[Tricholaena]]''
* ''[[Triscenia]]''
* ''[[Uranthoecium]]''
* ''[[Urochloa]]''
* ''[[Whiteochloa]]''
* ''[[Xerochloa]]''
* ''[[Yakirra]]''
* ''[[Yvesia]]''
* ''[[Zygochloa]]''
{{Div col end}}


==Gallery==
==Gallery==
<gallery>
<gallery>
Staugustinegrass.JPG|''[[St. Augustine Grass]]''
Starr_040812-0041_Axonopus_compressus.jpg|''[[Axonopus compressus]]''
Starr_010520-0041_Cenchrus_echinatus.jpg|''[[Cenchrus echinatus]]''
Starr_010520-0041_Cenchrus_echinatus.jpg|''[[Cenchrus echinatus]]''
Crabgrass.JPG|''[[Digitaria sanguinalis]]''
Crabgrass.JPG|''[[Digitaria sanguinalis]]''
Echinochloa crus-galli 2006.08.27 14.59.37-p8270051.jpg|''[[Echinochloa crus-galli]]''
Echinochloa crus-galli 2006.08.27 14.59.37-p8270051.jpg|''[[Echinochloa crus-galli]]''
Eriochloa procera plant.jpg|''[[Eriochloa|Eriochloa procera]]''
Eriochloa procera plant.jpg|''[[Eriochloa|Eriochloa procera]]''
Oplismenus undulatifolius-1.jpg|''[[Oplismenus hirtellus|Oplismenus hirtellus undulatifolius]]''
Paspalum dilatatum2.jpg|''[[Paspalum dilatatum]]''
Oplismenus hirtellus subsp. undulatifolius-1.jpg|''[[Oplismenus hirtellus|Oplismenus hirtellus undulatifolius]]''
Oplismenus undulatifolius DSCN0094.JPG|''[[Oplismenus undulatifolius]]''
Oplismenus undulatifolius DSCN0094.JPG|''[[Oplismenus undulatifolius]]''
Starr_030405-0044_Paspalum_scrobiculatum.jpg|''[[Paspalum scrobiculatum]]''
Starr 061114-9870 Pennisetum polystachion.jpg|''[[Pennisetum polystachion]]''
Starr 061114-9870 Pennisetum polystachion.jpg|''[[Pennisetum polystachion]]''
Starr 061211-2254 Pennisetum purpureum.jpg|''[[Pennisetum purpureum]]''
Starr 061211-2254 Pennisetum purpureum.jpg|''[[Pennisetum purpureum]]''
Spinifex_longifolius_fg01.JPG|''[[Spinifex (genus)|Spinifex longifolius]]''
Spinifex_longifolius_fg01.JPG|''[[Spinifex longifolius]]''
Starr 031108-0098 Stenotaphrum secundatum.jpg|''[[Stenotaphrum|Stenotaphrum secundatum]]''
Starr 031108-0098 Stenotaphrum secundatum.jpg|''[[Stenotaphrum|Stenotaphrum secundatum]]'' (St. Augustine Grass)
</gallery>
</gallery>


==References==
==References==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist|refs=
<ref name="SorengPeterson2017">{{cite journal|last1=Soreng|first1=Robert J.|last2=Peterson|first2=Paul M.|last3=Romaschenko|first3=Konstantin|last4=Davidse|first4=Gerrit|last5=Teisher|first5=Jordan K.|last6=Clark|first6=Lynn G.|last7=Barberá|first7=Patricia|last8=Gillespie|first8=Lynn J.|last9=Zuloaga|first9=Fernando O.|title=A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications|journal=Journal of Systematics and Evolution|volume=55|issue=4|year=2017|pages=259–290|issn=16744918|doi=10.1111/jse.12262|doi-access=free|hdl=10261/240149|hdl-access=free}}</ref>
}}


===Sources===
===Sources===
{{Refbegin}}
{{Refbegin}}
* {{Anchor|CITEREFBarkworth_2003}}Barkworth, M. (2003). "Paniceae" in ''Flora North America''. Vol.&nbsp;25. pp.&nbsp;353–602.
* {{Anchor|CITEREFBarkworth_2003}}Barkworth, M. (2003). "Paniceae" in ''Flora North America''. Vol.&nbsp;25. pp.&nbsp;353–602.
* {{Anchor|CITEREFBrown_1814}}Brown, R. (1814). ''A Voyage to Terra Australis''. Vol. 2. p. 582.
* {{Anchor|CITEREFBrown_1814}}Brown, R. (1814). ''A Voyage to Terra Australis''. Vol. 2. p.&nbsp;582.
* {{cite web |url=http://www.tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?name=Paniceae |title=Paniceae |year=2013 |publisher=Tropicos.org }}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.tropicos.org/NameSearch.aspx?name=Paniceae |title=Paniceae |year=2013 |publisher=Tropicos.org }}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?1431 |title=USDA: GRIN Taxonomy for Plants |date=23 March 2006 |publisher=ars-grin.gov }}
* {{cite web |url=http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/gnlist.pl?1431 |title=USDA: GRIN Taxonomy for Plants |date=23 March 2006 |publisher=ars-grin.gov }}
Line 195: Line 161:


==External links==
==External links==
*{{Commons category-inline}}
{{Commonscat}}
{{Wikispecies}}
*{{Wikispecies-inline}}

* [http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?id=147428 Taxonomy browser (Paniceae)] at ncbi.nlm.nih.gov.
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2738823}}


[[Category:Panicoideae]]
[[Category:Panicoideae]]
[[Category:Monocot tribes]]
[[Category:Poaceae tribes]]



{{Panicoideae-stub}}
{{Panicoideae-stub}}

Latest revision as of 23:52, 17 August 2023

Paniceae
Foxtail millet (Setaria italica)
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Poaceae
Clade: PACMAD clade
Subfamily: Panicoideae
Supertribe: Panicodae
L.Liu (1980)
Tribe: Paniceae
R.Br. (1814)[1]
Genera

84, see text

Synonyms[2]
  • Cenchreae Rchb. (1828, unranked)
  • Digitarieae J.J.Schmitz & Regel (1841)
  • Paniceae Horan. (1847, as Panicinae)
  • Spinificeae Dumort. (1829)
  • Melinideae Hitchc. (1920)
  • Boivinelleae A. Camus (1925)
  • Anthephoreae Pilg. ex Potztal (1957)
  • Trachideae Pilg. ex Potztal (1957)
  • Cyphochlaeneae Bosser (1965)
  • Neurachneae S.T. Blake (1972)

Paniceae is a large tribe of the subfamily Panicoideae in the grasses (Poaceae), the only in the monotypic supertribe Panicodae. It includes roughly 1,500 species in 84 genera, primarily found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world.[2][3] Paniceae includes species using either of the C4 and C3 photosynthetic pathways, as well as presumably intermediate species.[4] Most of the millets are members of tribe Paniceae.

The tribe is subdivided into seven subtribes, but some genera are as yet unplaced (incertae sedis).[2] Species in the Paniceae have an ancestral chromosome number (monoploid number) of x = 9, while species with x = 10 formerly included are now recognised as separate tribe, Paspaleae.[5]

Subtribes and genera[edit]

Subdivisions:[2]

incertae sedis
Anthephorinae
Dichantheliinae
Boivinellinae
Neurachninae
Melinidinae
Panicinae
Cenchrinae

Gallery[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Brown 1814, p. 582.
  2. ^ a b c d Soreng, Robert J.; Peterson, Paul M.; Romaschenko, Konstantin; Davidse, Gerrit; Teisher, Jordan K.; Clark, Lynn G.; Barberá, Patricia; Gillespie, Lynn J.; Zuloaga, Fernando O. (2017). "A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae) II: An update and a comparison of two 2015 classifications". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 55 (4): 259–290. doi:10.1111/jse.12262. hdl:10261/240149. ISSN 1674-4918.
  3. ^ Barkworth 2003, pp. 353–602.
  4. ^ Soreng, Robert J.; Peterson, Paul M.; Romschenko, Konstantin; Davidse, Gerrit; Zuloaga, Fernando O.; Judziewicz, Emmet J.; Filgueiras, Tarciso S.; Davis, Jerrold I.; Morrone, Osvaldo (2015). "A worldwide phylogenetic classification of the Poaceae (Gramineae)". Journal of Systematics and Evolution. 53 (2): 117–137. doi:10.1111/jse.12150. hdl:11336/25248. ISSN 1674-4918. S2CID 84052108. Open access icon
  5. ^ Morrone, Osvaldo; Aagesen, Lone; Scataglini, Maria A.; Salariato, Diego L.; Denham, Silvia S.; Chemisquy, Maria A.; Sede, Silvana M.; Giussani, Liliana M.; Kellogg, Elizabeth A.; Zuloaga, Fernando O. (2012). "Phylogeny of the Paniceae (Poaceae: Panicoideae): integrating plastid DNA sequences and morphology into a new classification". Cladistics. 28 (4): 333–356. doi:10.1111/j.1096-0031.2011.00384.x. ISSN 0748-3007. S2CID 86258463.

Sources[edit]

  • Barkworth, M. (2003). "Paniceae" in Flora North America. Vol. 25. pp. 353–602.
  • Brown, R. (1814). A Voyage to Terra Australis. Vol. 2. p. 582.
  • "Paniceae". Tropicos.org. 2013.
  • "USDA: GRIN Taxonomy for Plants". ars-grin.gov. 23 March 2006.

External links[edit]

  • Media related to Paniceae at Wikimedia Commons
  • Data related to Paniceae at Wikispecies


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