Henry Lefroy: Difference between revisions
Silverhorse (talk | contribs) mNo edit summary |
added Category:Colony of Western Australia people using HotCat |
||
(30 intermediate revisions by 25 users not shown) | |||
Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{Short description|Australian politician}} |
|||
⚫ | |||
{{for|the explorer|Henry Maxwell Lefroy}} |
|||
⚫ | |||
{{Use dmy dates|date=August 2021}} |
|||
|name = Sir Henry Bruce Lefroy |
|||
{{Use Australian English|date=August 2021}} |
|||
|honorific-suffix = KCMG |
|||
⚫ | |||
|image = Henry Lefroy.jpg |
|||
⚫ | |||
|imagesize = 175px |
|||
| |
|name = Sir Henry Lefroy |
||
|honorific-suffix = [[Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George|KCMG]] |
|||
⚫ | |||
| |
|image = Henry Lefroy.jpg |
||
| |
|image_size = 150px |
||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|term_start = 28 June 1917 |
|||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|monarch = [[George V]] |
|||
|governor = Sir [[William Ellison-Macartney]] |
|||
⚫ | |||
⚫ | |||
|office2 = Member of the [[Western Australian Legislative Assembly|Legislative Assembly]]<br/>of [[Western Australia]] |
|||
⚫ | |||
|term_start2 = 2 August 1892 |
|||
|term_end2 = 24 April 1901 |
|||
|predecessor2 = [[George Randell]] |
|||
|successor2 = [[Michael O'Connor (Australian politician)|Michael O'Connor]] |
|||
|constituency3 = Moore |
|||
|term_start3 = 3 October 1911 |
|||
|term_end3 = 12 March 1921 |
|||
|predecessor3 = None {{Small|(seat recreated)}} |
|||
|successor3 = [[James Denton (politician)|James Denton]] |
|||
|birth_date = {{birth date|1854|3|24|df=y}} |
|birth_date = {{birth date|1854|3|24|df=y}} |
||
|birth_place = [[ |
|birth_place = [[Perth]], Western Australia |
||
|death_date = {{death date and age|1930|3|19|1854|3|24|df=y}} |
|death_date = {{death date and age|1930|3|19|1854|3|24|df=y}} |
||
|death_place = [[Walebing]], [[Western |
|death_place = [[Walebing]], [[Western Australia]] |
||
⚫ | |||
|nationality = |
|||
⚫ | |||
|spouse = Rose Agnes Wittenoom (d. 1902)<br>Madeleine Emily Stewart Walford |
|||
|occupation = |
|||
|profession = |
|||
|religion = |
|||
}} |
}} |
||
'''Sir Henry Bruce Lefroy''' |
'''Sir Henry Bruce Lefroy''' {{post-nominals|country=AUS|KCMG}} (24 March 1854 – 19 March 1930) was the eleventh [[Premier of Western Australia]].<ref>{{Citation|last=Cameron|first=Catherine|title=Lefroy, Sir Henry Bruce (1853–1930)|url=https://adb.anu.edu.au/biography/lefroy-sir-henry-bruce-7159|work=Australian Dictionary of Biography|place=Canberra|publisher=National Centre of Biography, Australian National University|language=en|access-date=2021-12-11}}</ref> |
||
==Biography== |
|||
Lefroy was born in [[Perth, Western Australia |
Lefroy was born in [[Perth]], Western Australia on 24 March 1854. His father was [[Anthony O'Grady Lefroy]], Colonial Treasurer of [[Western Australia]] for over 30 years. Educated initially at Mrs McKnight's School in Perth; later he travelled to [[England]], where he continued his studies at the Preparatory School at [[Exmouth, Devon|Exmouth]], then at [[Elstree]] and finally at [[Rugby School|Rugby]] from 1868 to 1872. In 1893 Lefroy returned to [[Western Australia]] to take over management of his father's farm at [[Walebing, Western Australia|Walebing]], which he inherited upon his father's death in 1897. Lefroy was a member of the [[Shire of Victoria Plains|Victoria Plains Road Board]] from 1872 until 1899, and its chairman from 1876 to 1897. In 1874 he was appointed a [[Justice of the Peace]], and he was for a time a member of the local Board of Education. He married Rose Agnes Wittenoom in Perth on 15 April 1880, and they had three sons and a daughter. |
||
On 2 August 1892, Lefroy was elected to the [[Western Australian Legislative Assembly]] [[Electoral district of Moore|seat of Moore]] in a [[by-election]]. On 12 May 1897, he was appointed Minister for Education in [[John Forrest]]'s [[Government of Western Australia|government]]. He held this portfolio until 28 April 1898, when he instead became Minister for Mines. He did not contest the election of 24 April 1901, and so ceased to be a minister when [[parliament of Western Australia|parliament]] reconvened on 27 May. |
On 2 August 1892, Lefroy was elected to the [[Western Australian Legislative Assembly]] [[Electoral district of Moore|seat of Moore]] in a [[by-election]]. On 12 May 1897, he was appointed Minister for Education in [[John Forrest]]'s [[Government of Western Australia|government]]. He held this portfolio until 28 April 1898, when he instead became Minister for Mines. He did not contest the election of 24 April 1901, and so ceased to be a minister when [[parliament of Western Australia|parliament]] reconvened on 27 May. |
||
From July 1901 until 1904, Lefroy was [[Agent-General for Western Australia]] in [[London]]. During his time in London, his first wife died on 17 April 1902. In 1903, he was appointed [[Order of St Michael and St George|CMG]], and on 23 November 1904, he married Madeleine Emily Stewart Walford in London. He |
From July 1901 until 1904, Lefroy was [[Agent-General for Western Australia]] in [[London]]. During his time in London, his first wife died on 17 April 1902. In 1903, he was appointed [[Order of St Michael and St George|CMG]], and on 23 November 1904, he married Madeleine Emily Stewart Walford in London. He had two sons and a daughter by his second wife. |
||
After returning to Western Australia, Lefroy unsuccessfully contested the [[ |
After returning to Western Australia, Lefroy unsuccessfully contested the [[Metropolitan-Suburban Province]] in the [[Western Australian Legislative Council]]. He was again a member of the Victoria Plains Road Board from 1906 to 1909, and was then chairman of the [[Moora, Western Australia|Moora]] Roads Board from 1909 until 1917. |
||
On 3 October 1911, Lefroy was again elected to the Legislative Assembly seat of Moore, after a hiatus of over ten years. In 1915, he replaced [[James Mitchell (Australian politician)|James Mitchell]] as deputy of the [[ |
On 3 October 1911, Lefroy was again elected to the Legislative Assembly seat of Moore, after a hiatus of over ten years. In 1915, he replaced [[James Mitchell (Australian politician)|James Mitchell]] as deputy of the [[Western Australian Liberal Party (1911–17)|Liberal Party]]. He was appointed Minister for Lands and Agriculture in [[Frank Wilson (politician)|Frank Wilson]]'s second government on 27 July 1916. Wilson's government had difficulty maintaining parliamentary support, and was put under pressure to try to repeat the success at federal level of [[Prime Minister of Australia|Prime Minister]] [[Billy Hughes]] in forming a [[Nationalist Party of Australia|Nationalist Party]]. A Nationalist Party was formed in May 1917, but the party voted to reconstruct the ministry by [[caucus]] election. Recognising that the intention was to oust the present ministry, Wilson and three of his ministers walked out of the meeting. Lefroy remained, and was elected leader of the party. Wilson then had no choice but to resign as premier, and Lefroy became [[Premier of Western Australia]] on 28 June 1917. |
||
Lefroy's entire ministry was elected by the whole parliamentary party, and it remains the only non-Labor government of Western Australia to be chosen in this way. It was an ill-assorted group, and consequently Lefroy's premiership was marked by infighting, factionalism and a lack of discipline. On one occasion a [[Royal Commission]] was announced without Lefroy's knowledge; and on another occasion the acting treasurer [[Robert |
Lefroy's entire ministry was elected by the whole parliamentary party, and it remains the only non-Labor government of Western Australia to be chosen in this way. It was an ill-assorted group, and consequently Lefroy's premiership was marked by infighting, factionalism and a lack of discipline. On one occasion a [[Royal Commission]] was announced without Lefroy's knowledge; and on another occasion the acting treasurer [[Robert Thomson Robinson|Robert Robinson]] accepted amendments to treasurer [[James Gardiner (Australian politician)|James Gardiner]]'s budget against the wishes of other cabinet ministers. Lefroy was challenged for the leadership on 9 April 1919, and needed his own casting vote to survive because a number of his ministers declined to vote. When [[MacCallum Smith]] leaked this embarrassing information to the press, Lefroy resigned as premier and leader of the Nationalist Party on 17 April, and [[Hal Colebatch]] was elected in his place. Lefroy continued as member for Moore but was defeated at the general elections of 12 March 1921. He spent his remaining years at Walebing, dying there on 19 March 1930. |
||
== References == |
== References == |
||
'''Sources''' |
|||
* {{cite book | author=[[David Black (historian)|Black, David]] |year=1981 | chapter=Party Politics in Turmoil | editor=Stannage, Charles |
* {{cite book | author=[[David Black (historian)|Black, David]] |year=1981 | chapter=Party Politics in Turmoil | editor=Stannage, Charles| title=A New History of Western Australia | location=Nedlands, Western Australia | publisher=University of Western Australia Press|isbn=0-85564-170-3}} |
||
* {{Black and Bolton 2001}} |
* {{Black and Bolton 2001}} |
||
*{{cite book | author=[[Gordon Reid (Governor)|Reid, Gordon Stanley]] and Oliver, Margaret Ruth | year=1982 | title=The Premiers of Western Australia 1890–1982 | location=Nedlands, Western Australia | publisher=University of Western Australia Press | isbn=0-85564-214-9}} |
*{{cite book | author=[[Gordon Reid (Governor)|Reid, Gordon Stanley]] and Oliver, Margaret Ruth | year=1982 | title=The Premiers of Western Australia 1890–1982 | location=Nedlands, Western Australia | publisher=University of Western Australia Press | isbn=0-85564-214-9}} |
||
*{{Dictionary of Australian Biography | First=Henry | Last=Lefroy | |
*{{Dictionary of Australian Biography | First=Henry | Last=Lefroy | shortlink=0-dict-biogL.html#lefroy1}} |
||
*{{cite book | author=The Constitution Centre of Western Australia | year=2002 | title=Governors and Premiers of Western Australia | url=http://www.ccentre.wa.gov.au/index.cfm?event=premiersHenrylefroy | location=West Perth, Western Australia | publisher=The Constitution Centre of Western Australia | isbn=0-7307-3821-3}} |
*{{cite book | author=The Constitution Centre of Western Australia | year=2002 | title=Governors and Premiers of Western Australia | url=http://www.ccentre.wa.gov.au/index.cfm?event=premiersHenrylefroy | location=West Perth, Western Australia | publisher=The Constitution Centre of Western Australia | isbn=0-7307-3821-3}} |
||
*{{Kimberly 1897}} |
*{{Kimberly 1897}} |
||
'''Citations''' |
|||
{{Reflist}} |
|||
==External links== |
|||
{{Commons category|Henry Lefroy}} |
|||
{{start box}} |
{{start box}} |
||
Line 54: | Line 71: | ||
<!-- Victoria Plains Roads Board --> |
<!-- Victoria Plains Roads Board --> |
||
{{authority control}} |
|||
{{Persondata |
|||
|NAME=Lefroy, Henry Bruce, Sir |
|||
|ALTERNATIVE NAMES= |
|||
|SHORT DESCRIPTION=politician |
|||
|DATE OF BIRTH=24 March 1854 |
|||
⚫ | |||
|DATE OF DEATH=19 March 1930 |
|||
|PLACE OF DEATH=[[Walebing, Western Australia]] |
|||
}} |
|||
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lefroy, Henry Bruce}} |
{{DEFAULTSORT:Lefroy, Henry Bruce}} |
||
[[Category:1854 births]] |
[[Category:1854 births]] |
||
[[Category:1930 deaths]] |
[[Category:1930 deaths]] |
||
[[Category:Agents-General for Western Australia]] |
[[Category:Agents-General for Western Australia]] |
||
[[Category:Western Australian local |
[[Category:Western Australian local councillors]] |
||
[[Category:Members of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly]] |
[[Category:Members of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Commonwealth Liberal Party politicians]] |
||
[[Category:Premiers of Western Australia]] |
[[Category:Premiers of Western Australia]] |
||
[[Category:Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]] |
[[Category:Australian Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George]] |
||
[[Category: |
[[Category:Treasurers of Western Australia]] |
||
[[Category:Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Western Australia]] |
|||
[[Category:Colony of Western Australia people]] |
|||
[[simple:Henry Lefroy]] |
Latest revision as of 15:10, 2 October 2023
Sir Henry Lefroy | |
---|---|
11th Premier of Western Australia | |
In office 28 June 1917 – 17 April 1919 | |
Monarch | George V |
Governor | Sir William Ellison-Macartney |
Preceded by | Frank Wilson |
Succeeded by | Hal Colebatch |
Member of the Legislative Assembly of Western Australia | |
In office 2 August 1892 – 24 April 1901 | |
Preceded by | George Randell |
Succeeded by | Michael O'Connor |
Constituency | Moore |
In office 3 October 1911 – 12 March 1921 | |
Preceded by | None (seat recreated) |
Succeeded by | James Denton |
Constituency | Moore |
Personal details | |
Born | Perth, Western Australia | 24 March 1854
Died | 19 March 1930 Walebing, Western Australia | (aged 75)
Political party | Nationalist |
Sir Henry Bruce Lefroy KCMG (24 March 1854 – 19 March 1930) was the eleventh Premier of Western Australia.[1]
Biography[edit]
Lefroy was born in Perth, Western Australia on 24 March 1854. His father was Anthony O'Grady Lefroy, Colonial Treasurer of Western Australia for over 30 years. Educated initially at Mrs McKnight's School in Perth; later he travelled to England, where he continued his studies at the Preparatory School at Exmouth, then at Elstree and finally at Rugby from 1868 to 1872. In 1893 Lefroy returned to Western Australia to take over management of his father's farm at Walebing, which he inherited upon his father's death in 1897. Lefroy was a member of the Victoria Plains Road Board from 1872 until 1899, and its chairman from 1876 to 1897. In 1874 he was appointed a Justice of the Peace, and he was for a time a member of the local Board of Education. He married Rose Agnes Wittenoom in Perth on 15 April 1880, and they had three sons and a daughter.
On 2 August 1892, Lefroy was elected to the Western Australian Legislative Assembly seat of Moore in a by-election. On 12 May 1897, he was appointed Minister for Education in John Forrest's government. He held this portfolio until 28 April 1898, when he instead became Minister for Mines. He did not contest the election of 24 April 1901, and so ceased to be a minister when parliament reconvened on 27 May.
From July 1901 until 1904, Lefroy was Agent-General for Western Australia in London. During his time in London, his first wife died on 17 April 1902. In 1903, he was appointed CMG, and on 23 November 1904, he married Madeleine Emily Stewart Walford in London. He had two sons and a daughter by his second wife.
After returning to Western Australia, Lefroy unsuccessfully contested the Metropolitan-Suburban Province in the Western Australian Legislative Council. He was again a member of the Victoria Plains Road Board from 1906 to 1909, and was then chairman of the Moora Roads Board from 1909 until 1917.
On 3 October 1911, Lefroy was again elected to the Legislative Assembly seat of Moore, after a hiatus of over ten years. In 1915, he replaced James Mitchell as deputy of the Liberal Party. He was appointed Minister for Lands and Agriculture in Frank Wilson's second government on 27 July 1916. Wilson's government had difficulty maintaining parliamentary support, and was put under pressure to try to repeat the success at federal level of Prime Minister Billy Hughes in forming a Nationalist Party. A Nationalist Party was formed in May 1917, but the party voted to reconstruct the ministry by caucus election. Recognising that the intention was to oust the present ministry, Wilson and three of his ministers walked out of the meeting. Lefroy remained, and was elected leader of the party. Wilson then had no choice but to resign as premier, and Lefroy became Premier of Western Australia on 28 June 1917.
Lefroy's entire ministry was elected by the whole parliamentary party, and it remains the only non-Labor government of Western Australia to be chosen in this way. It was an ill-assorted group, and consequently Lefroy's premiership was marked by infighting, factionalism and a lack of discipline. On one occasion a Royal Commission was announced without Lefroy's knowledge; and on another occasion the acting treasurer Robert Robinson accepted amendments to treasurer James Gardiner's budget against the wishes of other cabinet ministers. Lefroy was challenged for the leadership on 9 April 1919, and needed his own casting vote to survive because a number of his ministers declined to vote. When MacCallum Smith leaked this embarrassing information to the press, Lefroy resigned as premier and leader of the Nationalist Party on 17 April, and Hal Colebatch was elected in his place. Lefroy continued as member for Moore but was defeated at the general elections of 12 March 1921. He spent his remaining years at Walebing, dying there on 19 March 1930.
References[edit]
Sources
- Black, David (1981). "Party Politics in Turmoil". In Stannage, Charles (ed.). A New History of Western Australia. Nedlands, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. ISBN 0-85564-170-3.
- Black, David; Bolton, Geoffrey (2001). Biographical Register of Members of the Parliament of Western Australia, Volume One, 1870–1930 (Revised ed.). Parliament House: Parliament of Western Australia. ISBN 0730738140.
- Reid, Gordon Stanley and Oliver, Margaret Ruth (1982). The Premiers of Western Australia 1890–1982. Nedlands, Western Australia: University of Western Australia Press. ISBN 0-85564-214-9.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - Serle, Percival (1949). "Lefroy, Henry". Dictionary of Australian Biography. Sydney: Angus & Robertson.
- The Constitution Centre of Western Australia (2002). Governors and Premiers of Western Australia. West Perth, Western Australia: The Constitution Centre of Western Australia. ISBN 0-7307-3821-3.
- Kimberly, W.B. (compiler) (1897). History of West Australia. A Narrative of her Past. Together With Biographies of Her Leading Men. Melbourne: F.W. Niven.
Citations
- ^ Cameron, Catherine, "Lefroy, Sir Henry Bruce (1853–1930)", Australian Dictionary of Biography, Canberra: National Centre of Biography, Australian National University, retrieved 11 December 2021
External links[edit]
- 1854 births
- 1930 deaths
- Agents-General for Western Australia
- Western Australian local councillors
- Members of the Western Australian Legislative Assembly
- Commonwealth Liberal Party politicians
- Premiers of Western Australia
- Australian Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George
- Treasurers of Western Australia
- Nationalist Party of Australia members of the Parliament of Western Australia
- Colony of Western Australia people