Fockea edulis: Difference between revisions
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{{short description|Species of plant}} |
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{{taxobox |
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{{Speciesbox |
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|name = ''Fockea edulis '' |
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|image = Fockea edulis 001.jpg |
|image = Fockea edulis 001.jpg |
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|regnum = [[Plantae]] |
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|unranked_divisio = [[Angiosperms]] |
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|authority = ([[Thunb.]]) [[Karl Moritz Schumann|K. Schum.]] (1895) |
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|unranked_classis = [[Eudicots]] |
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|synonyms = |
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|unranked_ordo = [[Asterids]] |
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*''Brachystelma macrorrhizum'' {{small|E.Mey. (1838)}} |
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|ordo = [[Gentianales]] |
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*''Chymocormus edulis'' {{small|(Thunb.) Harv. ex C.Presl (1845)}} |
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|familia = [[Apocynaceae]] |
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*''Echites edulis'' {{small|(Thunb.) Thunb. (1819)}} |
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|subfamilia = [[Asclepiadoideae]] |
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*''Fockea cylindrica'' {{small|R.A.Dyer (1933)}} |
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|tribus = [[Marsdenieae]] |
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*''Fockea glabra'' {{small|Decne. (1844)}} |
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*''Pergularia edulis'' {{small|Thunb. (1794)}} |
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|synonyms_ref = <ref name = powo>[https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:97438-1 ''Fockea edulis'' (Thunb.) K.Schum.] ''[[Plants of the World Online]]''. Retrieved 4 October 2023.</ref> |
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|binomial = ''Fockea edulis '' |
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|binomial_authority = K. Schum. 1895 |
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'''''Fockea edulis |
'''''Fockea edulis''''' is a species of [[caudex|caudiciform]] plant in the family [[Apocynaceae]] that is native to the [[Cape Provinces]] and [[KwaZulu-Natal]] in [[South Africa]].<ref name = powo/> |
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==Taxonomy== |
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The plant was first described as ''Pergularia edulis'' by [[Carl Peter Thunberg]] in 1794. It was renamed ''Fockea edulis'' in 1895 by [[Karl Moritz Schumann]].<ref name = powo/> |
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A common name is '''Hottentot bread''' due to the milky, somewhat sweetish flavour of the edible root which is sometimes gathered from the wild for local use. The plant's [[latex]] is said to be poisonous.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Fockea+edulis|title= Fockea edulis in Useful Tropical Plants}}</ref> In [[Afrikaans]] the plant is called '''bergbaroe''', '''bergkambroo''', '''kambaroo''', '''kambroo''', '''kambro''', '''koe''' or '''hotnotswaatlemoen'''. In [[Khoi]] it is called '''!Koo''', '''!Ku''', or '''!Kuu'''.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://kumbulanursery.co.za/plants/fockea-edulis|title= Fockea edulis in Kumbula Indigenous Garden}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.ispotnature.org/species-dictionaries/sanbi/Fockea%20edulis|title= Fockea edulis in iSpot SANBI}}</ref> |
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==Description== |
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A semi-deciduous [[perennial]] [[caudex|caudiciform]] with fat, twisted grey roots. In the wild, the caudex is partially or totally buried and tends to grow faster this way, reaching up to 60 cm in diameter. According to succulent authority Hermann Jacobsen, it occasionally atains to a diameter of ten feet (three meters) and is shaped like a immense turnip.<ref>{{ cite book | last= Jacobsen | first= Hermann J.H. | date= 1960 | title= Handbook of Succulent Plants - Volume 2 | location= London | publisher= Blandford Press | page= 492 }}</ref> The thin vine branches may reach a length of up to 4 meters, and climb on any type of available support. The leaves are green, entire and oblong. |
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Fockeas are [[dioecy|dioecious]], so a male plant and a female plant are needed to produce seeds. The flowers are whitish-green, not very showy but lightly scented, small (0.6-1.5 cm wide) [[Mesembryanthemum|vygie]]-like flowers surrounded by a large, thick, spider-like [[sepal|calyx]]. The flowers are pollinated by fruit flies. The plant produces grey-greenish seed pods. |
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==Distribution and habitat== |
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This species is widespread in southern Africa where it grows in warmer drier areas, dry savanna, and rocky slopes. It is of easy cultivation and hardy when kept reasonably dry and watered only enough to keep the tuber from shriveling. Although it shows decreased activity in the January – April period, it never goes into complete dormancy and always carries some leaves. Plants cannot tolerate more than occasional light frosts with temperatures dropping as low as -2 °C.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.llifle.com/Encyclopedia/SUCCULENTS/Family/Asclepiadaceae/11329/Fockea_edulis|title= Fockea edulis in Encyclopedia of Succulents}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{ |
{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
==External links== |
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* {{commonscat-inline|Fockea edulis |''Fockea edulis ''}} |
* {{commonscat-inline|Fockea edulis |''Fockea edulis ''}} |
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* {{ |
* {{Wikispecies-inline|Fockea edulis |''Fockea edulis ''}} |
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{{Apocynaceae-stub}} |
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q15398374}} |
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[[Category:Endemic flora of South Africa]] |
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[[Category:Flora of the Cape Provinces]] |
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[[Category:Flora of KwaZulu-Natal]] |
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[[Category:Plants described in 1794]] |
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Latest revision as of 03:24, 9 October 2023
| Fockea edulis | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Asterids |
| Order: | Gentianales |
| Family: | Apocynaceae |
| Genus: | Fockea |
| Species: | F. edulis
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| Binomial name | |
| Fockea edulis | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
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Fockea edulis is a species of caudiciform plant in the family Apocynaceae that is native to the Cape Provinces and KwaZulu-Natal in South Africa.[1]
Taxonomy[edit]
The plant was first described as Pergularia edulis by Carl Peter Thunberg in 1794. It was renamed Fockea edulis in 1895 by Karl Moritz Schumann.[1]
A common name is Hottentot bread due to the milky, somewhat sweetish flavour of the edible root which is sometimes gathered from the wild for local use. The plant's latex is said to be poisonous.[2] In Afrikaans the plant is called bergbaroe, bergkambroo, kambaroo, kambroo, kambro, koe or hotnotswaatlemoen. In Khoi it is called !Koo, !Ku, or !Kuu.[3][4]
Description[edit]
A semi-deciduous perennial caudiciform with fat, twisted grey roots. In the wild, the caudex is partially or totally buried and tends to grow faster this way, reaching up to 60 cm in diameter. According to succulent authority Hermann Jacobsen, it occasionally atains to a diameter of ten feet (three meters) and is shaped like a immense turnip.[5] The thin vine branches may reach a length of up to 4 meters, and climb on any type of available support. The leaves are green, entire and oblong.
Fockeas are dioecious, so a male plant and a female plant are needed to produce seeds. The flowers are whitish-green, not very showy but lightly scented, small (0.6-1.5 cm wide) vygie-like flowers surrounded by a large, thick, spider-like calyx. The flowers are pollinated by fruit flies. The plant produces grey-greenish seed pods.
Distribution and habitat[edit]
This species is widespread in southern Africa where it grows in warmer drier areas, dry savanna, and rocky slopes. It is of easy cultivation and hardy when kept reasonably dry and watered only enough to keep the tuber from shriveling. Although it shows decreased activity in the January – April period, it never goes into complete dormancy and always carries some leaves. Plants cannot tolerate more than occasional light frosts with temperatures dropping as low as -2 °C.[6]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Fockea edulis (Thunb.) K.Schum. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
- ^ "Fockea edulis in Useful Tropical Plants".
- ^ "Fockea edulis in Kumbula Indigenous Garden".
- ^ "Fockea edulis in iSpot SANBI".
- ^ Jacobsen, Hermann J.H. (1960). Handbook of Succulent Plants - Volume 2. London: Blandford Press. p. 492.
- ^ "Fockea edulis in Encyclopedia of Succulents".
External links[edit]
Media related to Fockea edulis at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Fockea edulis at Wikispecies
