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Coordinates: 53°49′13″N 1°32′00″W / 53.8202°N 1.5332°W / 53.8202; -1.5332
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{{Use British English|date=March 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2017}}


'''Potternewton''' is a suburb and [[Church of England parish church|parish]] between [[Chapeltown, West Yorkshire|Chapeltown]] and [[Chapel Allerton]] in north-east [[Leeds]], [[West Yorkshire]], England. It is in the [[Chapel Allerton (ward)|Chapel Allerton ward]] of [[Leeds City Council]].
'''Potternewton''' also '''Potter Newton''' is a suburb and [[Church of England parish church|parish]] between [[Chapeltown, West Yorkshire|Chapeltown]] and [[Chapel Allerton]] in north-east [[Leeds]], [[West Yorkshire]], England. It is in the [[Chapel Allerton (ward)|Chapel Allerton ward]] of [[Leeds City Council]].
[[File:PotternewtonParkLeeds.jpg|thumb|right|Potternewton Park]]
[[File:PotternewtonParkLeeds.jpg|thumb|right|Potternewton Park]]
[[File:PotternewtonSkate.jpg|thumb|right|Skate park in Potternewton Park]]
[[File:PotternewtonSkate.jpg|thumb|right|Skate park in Potternewton Park]]
Potternewton is bounded by Scott Hall Road to the west, Roundhay Road to the east and Harehills Lane to the north. The main thoroughfare is Chapeltown Road. The suburb is often considered to be part of Chapeltown. On older maps, Potternewton included the Chapeltown and [[Scott Hall, Leeds|Scott Hall]] areas and parts of [[Harehills]]. Potternewton is an historic village and many older maps prioritise the name Potternewton over Chapeltown.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Godfrey |first1=A. |title=Old Ordnance Survey Maps of Leeds |url=http://www.alangodfreymaps.com/yorks20314.htm |publisher=Alan Godfrey Maps|location=Consett, Co Durham|date= 8 August 2017 |quote=Here are the details of maps for Leeds (Leeds North, i.e. Newton Park) and Chapeltown....This map covers several districts, and is centred on what we now know as Chapeltown... Our maps show the area as it was being developed, with large mansions such as Potternewton Hall.....Newton Hall....and The Mansion...}}</ref>
Potternewton is bounded by Scott Hall Road to the west, Roundhay Road to the east and Harehills Lane to the north. The main thoroughfare is Chapeltown Road. The suburb is often considered to be part of Chapeltown. On older maps, Potternewton included the Chapeltown and [[Scott Hall, Leeds|Scott Hall]] areas and parts of [[Harehills]]. Potternewton is an historic village and many older maps prioritise its name over Chapeltown.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Godfrey |first1=A. |title=Old Ordnance Survey Maps of Leeds |url=http://www.alangodfreymaps.com/yorks20314.htm |publisher=Alan Godfrey Maps|location=Consett, Co Durham|date= 8 August 2017}}</ref>

==Etymology==
The name is attested in the twelfth century as ''Neuton'' and ''Neuthon''. The name is from the [[Old English]] ''nīwe'' meaning new and ''tūn'' a farmstead or estate. The name appears with the addition of 'potter' in the thirteenth century, as ''Pottersneuton'', ''Neuton Potter'', ''Potterneuton'' and ''Potter Newton'' because a pottery industry had developed to distinguish it from many other [[List of places called Newton in the United Kingdom|villages called Newton]] in the country.<ref name=":0">Harry Parkin, ''Your City's Place-Names: Leeds'', English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 82.</ref>

Potternewton once included Allerton Gledhow. The name ''Allerton'' comes from the [[Old English]] ''alor'', an alder tree, in its [[genitive]] [[plural]] form ''alra'', and the word ''tūn'' meaning 'farmstead of the alder trees'. The element ''Gledhow'' refers to the nearby [[Gledhow|settlement of the same name]], distinguishing it from nearby places such as [[Chapel Allerton]], [[Moor Allerton]], and [[Allerton Bywater]].<ref>Harry Parkin, ''Your City's Place-Names: Leeds'', English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 73.</ref>


==History==
==History==
[[File:Potternewton map from 1842.jpg|thumb|1842 map of Potternewton; Potternewton Hall, Newton Hall, Newton Green Hall, lodges, farms and out-buildings]]
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[[File:Potternewton_map_from_1842.jpg|thumb|1842 map of most of Potternewton; Potternewton Hall to the left (encased in a semi-circle [[driveway]]), Newton Hall, Newton Green Hall, their gatehouses, lodges, farms and out-buildings]]As [[Lord of the manor|Lords of the Manor]] of Potternewton, the [[Earl of Mexborough]] and [[Earl Cowper]] had released parts of their estates by the 1700s and were in and out of [[Chancery court|court]] up until 1801 disputing who had legal entitlement to ownership of the land. Around this time, James Brown, a [[Mesne lord]] under Earl Cowper, owned the [[copyhold]] of much of the area of what became known as [[Chapeltown, Leeds|Chapeltown]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Westwood |first1=S. |title=Imagining Cities |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=LX5aDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT192&dq=mexborough+cowper+disputes&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj2uJ7n_vDfAhXJuY8KHRNkCxoQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=mexborough%20cowper%20disputes&f=false |publisher=Routledge|date= 11 May 2018 |accessdate=16 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Moorhouse |first1=S. |title=West Yorkshire : an Archaeological Survey |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=hWkvAAAAMAAJ&q=Mesne+Lordship++of+Potternewton&dq=Mesne+Lordship++of+Potternewton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjl0-PKk_HfAhWZfn0KHfs8CJ4Q6AEIKDAA |publisher=West Yorkshire Metropolitan County Council|date= 1981 |accessdate=16 January 2019 |pages=480–481 |quote=...the 1379 Poll Tax suggests that it had become part of Potter Newton by the fourteenth century. Potter Newton: The mesne lordship of Potternewton was probably held by ....}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Great Britain. Court of Chancery, Thomas Vernon, John Raithby |title=Cases Argued and Adjudged in the High Court of Chancery |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=vVxGAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA651&dq=he++was++a+Mesne+lord++under+earl+cowper++Brown&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifqPepl_HfAhUPfCsKHbHZBrAQ6AEINjAC#v=onepage&q=he%20%20was%20%20a%20Mesne%20lord%20%20under%20earl%20cowper%20%20Brown&f=false |publisher=J. Butterworth and Son, 1828 |accessdate=16 January 2019 |page=651 |quote=But Mr Brown surmises that the condition of their lordships order was not complied with, for in the above clause, Lord (Earl) Cowper set the deeds aside....}}</ref>
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Potternewton was the site of pottery manufacture in the [[Roman Britain|Roman]] period.<ref name=":0" /> Over time the manor belonged to the Mauleverers, the Scotts of Scott Hall, the Hardwicks and in 1870 belonged to the Earl of Mexborough.<ref name=Vision>{{cite web|title=Potter Newton West Riding|url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/21599|publisher=Vision of Britain |access-date=5 August 2017}}</ref>


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The [[Earl of Mexborough]] and [[Earl Cowper]] sold parts of their estates in the 1700s and litigated until the early 1800s as to who legally owned the land. Around this time James Brown owned much of the area that became known as [[Chapeltown, Leeds|Chapeltown]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Westwood |first1=S. |title=Imagining Cities |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LX5aDwAAQBAJ&q=mexborough+cowper+disputes&pg=PT192 |publisher=Routledge|date= 11 May 2018 |isbn=9781351171182 |access-date=16 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Moorhouse |first1=S. |title=West Yorkshire : an Archaeological Survey |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hWkvAAAAMAAJ&q=Mesne+Lordship++of+Potternewton |publisher=West Yorkshire Metropolitan County Council|date= 1981 |access-date=16 January 2019 |pages=480–481|isbn=9780861810017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Great Britain. Court of Chancery, Thomas Vernon, John Raithby |title=Cases Argued and Adjudged in the High Court of Chancery |year=1828 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vVxGAAAAYAAJ&q=he++was++a+Mesne+lord++under+earl+cowper++Brown&pg=RA1-PA651 |publisher=J. Butterworth and Son |access-date=16 January 2019 |page=651 }}</ref>
By the early 19th&nbsp;century a number of mansions, some with extensive grounds, had been established around Potternewton and Chapeltown roads: James Brown owned Harehills Grove (later named [[Potternewton Park|Potternewton Park Mansion]]),<ref name=PNPM>{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Potternewton Park Mansion, Harehills Lane|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2004713_7084292|work=Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds|publisher=UK Gov Leeds City Council|accessdate=29 August 2014}}</ref> the Scott family owned the mid-18th century [[Scott Hall, Leeds|Scott Hall]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Scott Hall – SALE |url=https://www.thehouseshop.com/property-for-sale/scott-hall-farm-scott-hall-street-leeds-ls7-2hr/1561032 |publisher=The Houseshop |accessdate=17 January 2019 |quote=Scott Hall – Grade II listed mid-18th century house...Queen Anne style off Scott Hall street...}}</ref> and the [[copyhold]] and [[leasehold]] of Potternewton Lodge, Potternewton Hall and the adjacent Newton Hall Estates were all owned by the [[Lupton family]]. Old [[deed]]s and maps of sale plans of the [[Earl of Mexborough|Earl of Mexborough's]] Potternewton landholdings show that in 1845, the [[copyhold]] of the Newton Hall estate was owned by Arthur Lupton, a [[mesne lord]] under the earl. The map shows that [[surveyor]] Henry Teal had divided the land remaining in the earl's possession into lots for sale.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brown |first1=W. |author1= |title=Yorkshire Deeds:, Volume 1–10 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=YlHpGU3I7KIC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Earl+Mexborough+Cowper+Potternewton+copyhold&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwih97nVufPfAhVDWH0KHdHcDYsQ6AEIUDAI#v=onepage&q&f=false |publisher=Cambridge University Press|date= 14 February 2013 |origyear= 1909–1955 |accessdate=17 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite report |first=Colin |last=Treen |title=The Thoresby Society – The Society’s Archives (Sales Particulars) |date=2018 |url=https://www.thoresby.org.uk/content/library/sales.php |publisher=The Thoresby Society |quote=Sale – 1845: Leeds and Potternewton (35 lots of building land) on Earl of Mexborough's Potternewton Estate – Surveyor: Henry Teal, 60 x 50 – Leeds City Archives, MX 2017/1 [Map of Newton Hall estate, otherwise Low Hall and Close (estate) of Arthur Lupton, Esq.}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=The Law Times, Volume 35 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=USBCAQAAMAAJ&pg=PA374&dq=the+testator+arthur+Lupton+moiety+Ray++Newton++Lodge&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiFguHLwerfAhUbcCsKHYIkDQ4Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=the%20testator%20arthur%20Lupton%20moiety%20Ray%20%20Newton%20%20Lodge&f=false |publisher=Butterworths., 1860 |accessdate=13 January 2019 |page=374 |quote='''In Chancery'''.....the matter of an undivided MOIETY of freehold and leasehold estates, devised by the will of Henry Belward Ray....for the sale to Arthur Lupton Esq. of undivided moiety of certain leasehold tenements called Potternewton Lodge...and that....(Mr) Wynne might be at liberty to proceed to sell the testator's undivided moiety in the rest of the Potternewton property, in the petitioned mentioned.....}}</ref>


In "the first year of the sixteenth century" the Low Hall or Newton Hall estate was worth 300 pounds a year.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Parsons |first1=E. |title=The Civil, Ecclesiastical, Literary, Commercial, and Miscellaneous History of Leeds, Halifax, Huddersfield, Bradford, Wakefield, Dewsbury, Otley |year=1834 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y0toedREdAIC&q=Thoresby++Low++Hall++Potternewton&pg=PA202 |publisher=F. Hobson 1834 |access-date=15 January 2019|page=202 }}</ref> In the 18th century, the Barker/Ray family owned Newton Hall (Low Hall) which [[Ralph Thoresby]] described as a "venerable old fabric" and built Potternewton Hall, the "upper house", for the widow, Mrs Barker, to retire to in the 1730s.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Barker |first1=E. |title=The Will of M. A. M. Faber, with Facts and Observations Proving Its ... |year=1821 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q31hAAAAcAAJ&q=edmund+cowper+++barker++estate++++potternewton&pg=PA5 |publisher=Edmund Henry Barker 1821 |access-date=15 January 2019 |pages=24–28}}</ref>
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In 1870, the Potternewton township, covering 1,667 acres about two miles north of Leeds, comprised the villages of New Leeds and part of Buslingthorpe, and the hamlets of [[Gipton]], [[Harehills]], and Squire-Pastures. Part of its name is from supposedly [[Roman Britain|Roman]], "very ancient pottery", found in the vicinity. Coal was mined and stone was quarried. Over time the manor belonged to the Mauleverers, the Scotts of Scott Hall, the Hardwicks and in 1870 belonged to the Earl of Mexborough.<ref name=Vision>{{cite web|title=Potter Newton West Riding|url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/21599|publisher=Vision of Britain |accessdate=5 August 2017}}</ref>
[[File:Potternewton Hall Estate; home of Olive Middleton (nee Lupton) and her cousin Baroness von Schunck (nee Kate Lupton).jpg|thumb|Potternewton Hall, built {{circa|1730}}]]
[[File:Potternewton Park Mansion.jpg|thumb|Built {{circa|1817}}. The mansion at Potternewton Park from a postcard postmarked October 1909.]]
By the early 19th century a number of mansions, some with extensive grounds, had been built around the Potternewton and Chapeltown roads: The Scott family owned the mid-18th century [[Scott Hall, Leeds|Scott Hall]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Scott Hall – SALE |url=https://www.thehouseshop.com/property-for-sale/scott-hall-farm-scott-hall-street-leeds-ls7-2hr/1561032 |publisher=The Houseshop |access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref> Woollen merchant James Brown owned Harehills Grove, which was built around 1817.<ref name=PNPM>{{cite web|title=Potternewton Park Mansion, Harehills Lane|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2004713_7084292|work=Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds|publisher=UK Gov Leeds City Council|access-date=29 August 2014}}</ref> The Jowitt family who owned the 750-acre estate in 1861, sold it and back-to-back terraced houses were built on it. The house and its 30-acre park were bought by Leeds Corporation to create [[Potternewton Park]] in 1900. The house had been renamed Potternewton Mansion by the time it opened to the public in 1906. After 1929 the house was used for educational purposes.<ref name=PNPM /> The [[Leeds Carnival]] procession starts and finishes in Potternewton Park.


Potternewton Lodge, Newton Green Hall, Potternewton Hall and Newton Hall were owned by the [[Lupton family]]. [[Lupton family|Arthur Lupton]] bought Newton Hall and 50 acres of land from the Earl of Mexborough in 1845. The [[surveyor]] Henry Teal divided the rest of the earl's land into lots for sale.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Brown |first1=W. |title=Yorkshire Deeds:, Volume 1–10 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YlHpGU3I7KIC&q=Earl+Mexborough+Cowper+Potternewton+copyhold |publisher=Cambridge University Press|date= 14 February 2013 |isbn=9781108058407 |orig-year= 1909–1955 |access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite report |first=Colin |last=Treen |title=The Thoresby Society – The Society's Archives (Sales Particulars) |date=2018 |url=https://www.thoresby.org.uk/content/library/sales.php |publisher=The Thoresby Society}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sale – The Newton Hall Estate – Containing about 50 acres|url=http://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=newton%20hall%20estate%20%20%20about%2050%20acres&county=west%20yorkshire%2c%20england|work=Leeds Intelligencer|date= 16 June 1866|access-date=20 September 2017}}</ref>
===The Lupton family's Newton Park Estate, Potternewton Hall and Newton Green Hall===
[[File:Newton Park Union Church Chapeltown.jpg|thumb|The foundation stone of Newton Park Union Church was laid by [[Sir John Barran, 1st Baronet|Sir John Barran]] in 1887.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEW BAPTIST AND CONGREGATIONAL UNION CHURCH IN LEEDS |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=vcongregationalits%20%20barran%20john%20%20church&county=yorkshire%2c%20england&from=1885&to=1889&type=article |access-date=18 July 2020 |publisher=Leeds Mercury|date=8 October 1887}}</ref>]]
[[File:Potternewton Hall Estate; home of Olive Middleton (nee Lupton) and her cousin Baroness von Schunck (nee Kate Lupton).jpg|thumb|Potternewton Hall, built {{circa|1720}}, home of the [[Lupton family]]. Photo {{circa|1860–70}}]]A map made of Leeds in 1834 shows pasture land known as Potternewton. Through the centre of the farmland, which was earmarked as a planned "New Town" suburb, ran the Leeds-Harrogate Turnpike Road which later became Chapeltown Road. Much of the land, called "Squire's Pastures" belonged to [[Earl Cowper]]. He owned land east of Chapeltown Road and some to the west. In the final decades of the 18th century and early decades of the 19th century legal disputes arose regarding the estates of the Barker/Ray family who had built Potternewton Hall "for the widow, Mrs Barker, to retire to" in the 1730s. The "Barker Estates" included both the "upper house" (Potternewton Hall) and the "lower house" (Newton Hall) which was described by [[Ralph Thoresby]] as a "venerable old fabric, standing low and shady". In the "first year of the sixteenth century, Newton Hall (Low Hall) came with an estate worth 300 pounds a year".<ref>{{cite web |last1=Barker |first1=E. |title=The Will of M. A. M. Faber, with Facts and Observations Proving Its ... |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=q31hAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA5&dq=edmund++barker++estate++++potternewton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjx5eG09e7fAhXbV30KHeEkANAQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=edmund%20cowper%20%20%20barker%20%20estate%20%20%20%20potternewton&f=false |publisher=Edmund Henry Barker 1821 |accessdate=15 January 2019 |page=24-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Parsons |first1=E. |title=The Civil, Ecclesiastical, Literary, Commercial, and Miscellaneous History of Leeds, Halifax, Huddersfield, Bradford, Wakefield, Dewsbury, Otley |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=y0toedREdAIC&pg=PA202&lpg=PA202&dq=Thoresby++Low++Hall++Potternewton&source=bl&ots=5o94Kcgd42&sig=8IoyzfIIUnFRp-wjr68bLfNc_Iw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiwzre3gu_fAhUJfn0KHeIzBBQQ6AEwBXoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=Thoresby%20%20Low%20%20Hall%20%20Potternewton&f=false |publisher=F. Hobson 1834 |accessdate=15 January 2019|page=202 |quote=Newton Hall (otherwise Low Hall)}}</ref><ref>{{cite journal |title=The Poll Book of the Leeds Borough Election, July, 1837 |page=28 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=g_g7B6FxaTgC&pg=RA1-PA28&dq=Potternewton+Hall+Lupton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi_g9aLsbPkAhUIfSsKHRjTAacQ6AEINTAC#v=onepage&q=Potternewton%20Hall%20Lupton&f=false |accessdate=3 September 2019 |quote=Lupton, Darnton, House and land, Potternewton Hall}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Barker |first1=E. |title=The Will of M. A. M. Faber, with Facts and Observations Proving Its ... |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=q31hAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA5&dq=edmund++barker++estate++++potternewton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjx5eG09e7fAhXbV30KHeEkANAQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=edmund%20cowper%20%20%20barker%20%20estate%20%20%20%20potternewton&f=false |publisher=Edmund Henry Barker |year=1821 |accessdate=15 January 2019 |pages=24–28}}</ref> In 1838, [[Lupton family|Darnton Lupton]], his wife Anna and his daughter from his first marriage were living at Potternewton Hall. Darnton and Anna had five boys of their own.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Pullan |first1=M. |title=The Monuments of the Parish Church of St. Peter-at-Leeds |date=2007 |publisher=Maney Publishing for The Thoresby Society [and] Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society |isbn=190598152X |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=i9_VAAAAMAAJ&q=Potternewton++Lupton&dq=Potternewton++Lupton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjFlKGVo_niAhXMbn0KHV9EDl0Q6AEIUzAJ |accessdate=21 June 2019 |quote=SARAH DARNTON wife of the aforesaid Darnton Lupton, Born 3RD March 1806, Died 4TH April 1834. And moreover.....His second wife was Anna Jane Busk (another excellent match: she was from a wealthy family). They married in 1838 and lived at Potternewton Hall with their six children. The brass inscription .....}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Cokayne |first1=G. |title=The Complete Peerage of England, Scotland, Ireland, Great Britain and the United Kingdom: Peers created 1901 to 1938 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=rFhmAAAAMAAJ&q=kate++Schunck++Lupton+++Leeds&dq=kate++Schunck++Lupton+++Leeds&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjhx-K5qvniAhVHbn0KHb7kAOkQ6AEIKjAA |publisher=St. Catherine Press, Limited|year= 1940 |accessdate=21 June 2019 |page=80 |quote=.....1890, at Leeds, Florence, elder da. of Edward, Baron von Schunck, of Gledhow Wood, co. York, by Kate, only daughter of Darnton Lupton....}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Haigh |first1=T. |title=A General and Commercial Directory of the Borough of Leeds, etc |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=8ZdYAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA391&dq=Darnton+Lupton+1839+Potternewton+hall&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjWvPDsgODfAhXNFYgKHekGCQ0Q6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=Darnton%20Lupton%201839%20Potternewton%20hall&f=false |publisher=Baines & Company|year= 1839 |accessdate=9 January 2019 |quote=1839 – Darnton Lupton, Potternewton Hall}}</ref>
Potternewton Hall was the residence of [[Lupton family|Darnton Lupton]].<ref>{{cite book |title=The Poll Book of the Leeds Borough Election, July, 1837. |date=1837 |publisher=R. Perring |page=28 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g_g7B6FxaTgC&q=Darnton+Lupton++Potternewton++hall&pg=RA1-PA28 }}</ref> Another Lupton brother, [[Lupton family|Francis]], lived at Potternewton Hall from 1847 and had purchased the freehold of the estate by 1860. In 1870, Francis and Darnton Lupton purchased the Newton Hall estate from their brother.<ref name="YorkPress">{{cite news|last1=Laycock|first1=Mike|title=Duchess of Cambridge's links with stately home near York revealed|url=http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/11860310.Kate_s_links_to_North_Yorkshire_revealed/|work=The Press |date= 17 March 2015|access-date=19 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="CCAA">{{cite web|title=Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal|url=http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/chapeltown%20caa.pdf|publisher= Leeds City Council|access-date=20 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026143133/https://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/chapeltown%20caa.pdf |archive-date=26 October 2018}}</ref>

Darnton Lupton's brother Arthur acquired the adjacent Newton Hall and its surrounding parkland, farmhouse, fields, farm, stables and cottages in the 1840s. Darnton's brother [[Lupton family|Francis]] lived at Potternewton Hall from 1847, purchasing the [[Freehold (law)|freehold]] of the estate by 1860. Francis raised his family at the hall until {{circa|1860}}. In 1870, Francis and Darnton purchased the adjoining Newton Hall estate from their brother.<ref name="YorkPress">{{cite news|last1=Laycock|first1=Mike|title=Duchess of Cambridge's links with stately home near York revealed|url=http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/11860310.Kate_s_links_to_North_Yorkshire_revealed/|work=The Press |date= 17 March 2015|accessdate=19 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="CCAA">{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal|url=http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/chapeltown%20caa.pdf|publisher= Leeds City Council|accessdate=20 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026143133/https://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/chapeltown%20caa.pdf |archivedate=26 October 2018}}</ref><ref name="entrance gates">{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Potternewton, entrance gates|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20081113_167862|work=Leodis – A photographic History of Leeds|publisher= Leeds City Council|accessdate=20 September 2017}}</ref><ref name="Leeds City Council">{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Potternewton Hall, Potternewton Lane|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20081113_167864|work=Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds|publisher= Leeds City Council|accessdate=29 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sale – The Newton Hall Estate – Containing about 50 acres|url=http://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=newton%20hall%20estate%20%20%20about%2050%20acres&county=west%20yorkshire%2c%20england|work=Leeds Intelligencer |location=West Yorkshire, England |date= 16 June 1866|accessdate=20 September 2017|quote=....comprising about 50 acres, consists of the park, the farmstead, and the meadow fields, all in a ring fence front of the house: closely adjoining a Farm, of about 10 acres, with a good farmhouse, stables, and cottages: a small field of about one acre, called...(also,...Leeds Intelligencer West Yorkshire, England – 21 January 1860 – PRELIMINARY ADVERTISEMENT. POTTERNEWTON HALL ESTATE.— This valuable Estate, consisting of Potternewton Hall, and about 47 Acres of Land, lying in elevated....)}}</ref><ref name="Gladstone Centenary Essays">{{cite news |last1=Bebbington |first1=D. |title=Gladstone Centenary Essays |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=w6kgM2aRQwcC&pg=PA158&dq=Unitarian+congregationalist+Newton+park&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwi6-pXK753fAhUSUI8KHSG0A14Q6AEIRDAG#v=onepage&q=Unitarian%20congregationalist%20Newton%20park&f=false |accessdate=14 December 2018 |year=2000 |pages=158, 159 |quote=Sir John Barren laid the foundation stone of the Newton Park Union Church in October 1887 | isbn= 9780853239253 | publisher=Liverpool University Press}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Barker |first1=E. |title=The Will of M. A. M. Faber, with Facts and Observations Proving Its ... |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=q31hAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA5&dq=edmund++barker++estate++++potternewton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjx5eG09e7fAhXbV30KHeEkANAQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=edmund%20cowper%20%20%20barker%20%20estate%20%20%20%20potternewton&f=false |publisher=Edmund Henry Barker |year= 1821 |accessdate=15 January 2019 |pages=24–28|quote=Edmund Henry Barker was considered the next heir to the Barker Estates....Miss Barker had heard that the House (Potternewton Hall) had been erected on copyhold land belonging to Lord (Earl) Cowper...the lower House was shut up and Miss Barker went to live with Mrs Ray – then known as Miss Barker – at the upper House...}}</ref>
In the 1870s, the Potternewton township, covering 1,667 acres about two miles north of Leeds, comprised the villages of New Leeds, part of Buslingthorpe and the hamlets of [[Gipton]], [[Harehills]], and Squire-Pastures.
Arthur Lupton arranged for a [[Congregationalist]] chapel to be built on his land in 1847.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Wolffe |first1=J. |title=Yorkshire Returns of the 1851 Census of Religious Worship: West Riding (North) |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=_ilNP-o-WOUC&pg=PA150&dq=Congregational+++Chapel+Potternewton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiE37K8id7fAhXBdN4KHfroAOMQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=Congregational%20%20%20Chapel%20Potternewton&f=false |publisher=Borthwick Publications|year= 2000 |accessdate=9 January 2019 |quote=Potternewton Preaching Room (Congregational chapel), erected 1847}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mayhall |first1=J. |title=The Annals of Yorkshire: From the Earliest Period to the Present Time, Volume 3 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=0ws5AQAAMAAJ&q=Potternewton+hall+Estate+Leeds+Congregational&dq=Potternewton+hall+Estate+Leeds+Congregational&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj1pr6Lld7fAhWEvrwKHetWDGQQ6AEIKzAA |publisher=Simpkin, Marshall & Company|year= 1848 |accessdate=9 January 2019 |quote=A Congregational Chapel, on the Newton Hall Estate, Leeds, for the use of the Potternewton congregation, was opened in 1847....(John Mayhall, 1848)}}</ref> In 1870, he sold the estate to his brothers who built a new chapel on Chapeltown Road. Following Darnton Lupton's death in 1873, Francis inherited the bulk of the estate and oversaw the building of the [[Anglican]] St Martin's Church in 1879 near the Newton Hall Lodge.<ref>{{NHLE |desc=Former lodge to Newton Hall with gate piers and flanking wall |num=1255604 |accessdate=12 January 2019}} "Arthur's brothers, Francis and Darnton, developed the grounds south of the hall as a building speculation and the lodge was cut off from the house by the time the Church of St Martin, St Martin's View (qv) was built, 1879."</ref> When Francis Lupton died in 1884, his wife [[Frances Greenhow|Frances]] refused to take up the position of [[executor]] which passed to her four sons.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Happenupon |title=Who Lived In Penraevon? |url=http://www.penraevon.co.uk/lived-penraevon/ |publisher=happenupon |accessdate=10 January 2019 |quote=1884 – Francis Lupton (owner of the Newton Park Estate) dies leaving his wife Frances as Executor a position she refuses to take up and passes to her sons.....1886, 30th Nov. – Arthur Currer Briggs buys the second plot of land adjacent to the house from Francis Martineau Lupton (owner of Rocklands), Arthur Greenhow Lupton, Charles (Chas) Lupton and Hugh Lupton (owners of Newton Park Estate).}}</ref> The family chapel was grandly re-built in 1887 as the Newton Park Union Church.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bebbington |first1=D. |title=Gladstone Centenary Essays |publisher=Liverpool University Press |year= 2000 |page=157|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=atppAtHeIX8C&pg=PA149&dq=Lupton+newton+park+congregational+chapel&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjsm-Xi0d_fAhUKbbwKHZzcDdQQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=Lupton%20newton%20park%20congregational%20chapel&f=false |accessdate=9 January 2019 |quote=In October 1887 Edward Crossley had laid the foundation stone for the grandly re-built Newton Park Union Church.}}</ref><ref>{{NHLE |desc=Former Union Chapel and Congregational Chapel |num=1255644 |accessdate=10 January 2019}} "The first building on the site (Chapeltown Road, Newton Hall Estate) was a Congregational Chapel built in 1870–71 by W. H. Harris, it was known as the Newton Park Congregational Church. This was extensively damaged by fire in 2005. In 1887 the Newton Park Union Chapel, serving both Baptist and Congregational denominations was constructed on the eastern side of the chapel, designed by Archibald Nevill, a Leeds architect."</ref>


By the outbreak of the Second World War, Newton Hall and Potternewton Hall had been demolished and the city's largest private housing estate was built on their surrounding land.<ref name="entrance gates">{{cite web|title=Potternewton, entrance gates|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20081113_167862|work=Leodis – A photographic History of Leeds|publisher= Leeds City Council|access-date=20 September 2017}}</ref><ref name="Leeds City Council">{{cite web|title=Potternewton Hall, Potternewton Lane|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20081113_167864|work=Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds|publisher= Leeds City Council|access-date=29 August 2014}}</ref>
Published diaries of Katherine Roubiliac Conder (1860–1948), granddaughter of [[Edward Baines (1800–1890)|Sir Edward Baines]], record that her father, Eustace Conder, preached at Newton Park Chapel in 1874 where [[Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone]] was worshipping in May 1880. In March 1880, [[Gladstonian liberalism]] was at its peak at Newton Park; in 1880, [[Sir John Barran, 1st Baronet|Sir John Barran]] talked of himself and Herbert Gladstone, the Liberal [[Member of Parliament|M.P.]] for Leeds in 1880, as being "one man".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bebbington |first1=D. |title=Gladstone Centenary Essays |publisher=Liverpool University Press|year= 2000 |pages=138–152 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=atppAtHeIX8C&pg=PA149&dq=Lupton+newton+park+congregational+chapel&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjsm-Xi0d_fAhUKbbwKHZzcDdQQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=Lupton%20newton%20park%20congregational%20chapel&f=false |accessdate=9 January 2019 |quote= (page 146) Mr (later Sir John) Barran talked of himself and Herbert (Gladstone) as being "one man".}}</ref> Sir John Barren laid the foundation stone of the Newton Congregational Chapel in 1870 and its successor, the Newton Park Union Church in 1887. His son, [[Rowland Hirst Barran|Sir Rowland Hirst Barran]] was the [[Member of Parliament|M.P.]] for North Leeds (the Newton Park area) from 1902 to 1918.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | first=D. T. |last=Jenkins | title=Barran family (per. c.1842–1952) |publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2004 | url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/52614 | accessdate=28 November 2007}}</ref><ref name="rayment">[http://www.leighrayment.com/commons/Lcommons1.htm House of Commons: Ladywood to Leek], leighrayment.com</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bebbington |first1=D. |title=Gladstone Centenary Essays |publisher=Liverpool University Press|year= 2000 |pages=138–152 |ISBN=0853239355|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=atppAtHeIX8C&pg=PA149&dq=Lupton+newton+park+congregational+chapel&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjsm-Xi0d_fAhUKbbwKHZzcDdQQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=Lupton%20newton%20park%20congregational%20chapel&f=false |accessdate=9 January 2019 |quote=Newton Park had a real family investment in Gladstonianism (page 149).....March 1st, 1874: Papa preached at Newton Chapel....May 10th, 1880: met Rose and Emily who sat opposite Mr Herbert Gladstone in Church yesterday.....(page 158): Sir John Barren laid the foundation stone of both the Newton Congregational Chapel in 1870 and that of its grand successor, the Newton Park Union church in 1887}}</ref>


Francis Lupton's son, [[Lupton family|Francis Martineau Lupton]] inherited the estate where his daughter, [[Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge|Olive]], grew up at Rockland, an [[Arts and Crafts]] stone-built house.<ref>{{cite web |title=Leodis - A photographic archive of Leeds: Rockland; home of Francis Martineau Lupton and daughter Olive Middleton |url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2004713_58150882 |publisher=Leeds City Council |access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref>
[[File:Francis_Lupton%27s_home_-_Newton_Green_Hall_Estate_-_prior_to_his_1847_marriage.jpg|thumb|[[Lupton family|Francis Lupton]] lived with his mother Ann at Newton Green Hall Estate prior to his marriage in 1847]]On the opposite side of Chapeltown Road was the [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] Newton Green Hall and estate which, in the 1930s, remained a part of Newton Park.<ref>{{cite news |title=OPEN GARDENS |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=newton%20green%20%20hall%20%20newton%20%20park&county=yorkshire%2c%20england&from=1903&to=1939&type=article |accessdate=5 August 2019 |publisher=Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer Yorkshire, England |date=5 July 1930 |quote=Newton Green Hall, Newton Park, Leeds}}</ref> In the years prior to his 1847 marriage, Francis Lupton was living with his mother Ann at Newton Green Hall which adjoined both Potternewton Hall and Newton Hall, the homes of his brother's Darnton and Arthur respectively.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Baines |first1=E. |title=Williams's Directory of the Borough of Leeds |date=1845 |publisher=Edward Baines & Sons |page=146 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=yqmfKmqupLAC&pg=RA1-PA146&dq=francis++Lupton++newton++green++Hall&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj7weih7efjAhWWfn0KHQmoDTUQ6AEIKjAA#v=onepage&q=francis%20%20Lupton%20%20newton%20%20green%20%20Hall&f=false |accessdate=4 August 2019 |quote=Francis Lupton - Newton Green Hall, Potternewton}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |last1=White (of Sheffield) |first1=W. |title=White's 1853 Leeds and the Clothing Districts of Yorkshire |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=LhY5AQAAMAAJ&q=newton++green++hall++anne++Lupton&dq=newton++green++hall++anne++Lupton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiT1Yv_7-fjAhWaWX0KHZgVAPkQ6AEIMzAC |accessdate=4 August 2019 |publisher=A. M. Kelley, West Riding of Yorkshire |date=1969|page=111 |quote=Mrs Ann Lupton, Newton Green....Arthur Lupton, Newton Hall...}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=Williams's Directory of the Borough of Leeds |date=1845 |publisher=Edward Baines & Sons |page=146 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=yqmfKmqupLAC&pg=RA1-PA146&lpg=RA1-PA146&dq=newton+green+hall+Potternewton&source=bl&ots=C_r9EPN0u-&sig=ACfU3U3HaTNp-Ae0VZniX2xY7Aw3ODLURQ&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwijkev69OrjAhVBmuYKHd0kBVgQ6AEwEXoECAYQAQ#v=onepage&q=newton%20green%20hall%20Potternewton&f=false |accessdate=5 August 2019 |quote=Lupton, Darnton (L. Wm. & Co) Potternewton Hall}}</ref>


==Churches and chapels==
By the outbreak of the Second World War, Newton Hall and Potternewton Hall had been demolished and replaced by the city's largest private housing estate.<ref name="YorkPress"/><ref name="CCAA"/><ref name="entrance gates"/><ref name="Leeds City Council"/><ref>{{cite web|title=Sale – The Newton Hall Estate – Containing about 50 acres|url=http://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=newton%20hall%20estate%20%20%20about%2050%20acres&county=west%20yorkshire%2c%20england|work=Leeds Intelligencer |location=West Yorkshire, England |date= 16 June 1866|accessdate=20 September 2017|quote=....comprising about 50 acres, consists of the park, the farmstead, and the meadow fields, all in a ring fence front of the house: closely adjoining a Farm, of about 10 acres, with a good farmhouse, stables, and cottages: a small field of about one acre, called...(also,...Leeds Intelligencer West Yorkshire, England – 21st January 1860 – PRELIMINARY ADVERTISEMENT. POTTERNEWTON HALL ESTATE.— This valuable Estate, consisting of Potternewton Hall, and about 47 Acres of Land, lying in elevated....)}}</ref><ref name="Gladstone Centenary Essays"/>
Arthur Lupton supported building the old Potternewton [[Congregationalist]] Chapel and in 1870, a chapel designed by architect W. H. Harris, shared by Congregationalists and [[Baptists]], was built on the Newton Hall Estate. By 1887, Newton Park Union Church, designed in the 14th century [[Decorated Gothic]] style by architect Archibald Neill, had been built at the east side of the chapel. By 1952, after deconsecration, the church was used as the [[Royal Air Force|Royal Air Force Association Club]] and became a Sikh temple in the 1960s. The 1870 chapel was used for a time as the Old Central Hebrew Congregational [[Synagogue]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Leodis |url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2006815_161775&DISPLAY=FULL |website=Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds |publisher=Leeds City Council |access-date=25 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Wolffe |first1=J. |title=Yorkshire Returns of the 1851 Census of Religious Worship: West Riding (North) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ilNP-o-WOUC&q=Congregational+++Chapel+Potternewton&pg=PA150 |publisher=Borthwick Publications|year= 2000 |isbn=9781904497103 |access-date=9 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mayhall |first1=J. |title=The Annals of Yorkshire: From the Earliest Period to the Present Time, Volume 3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ws5AQAAMAAJ&q=Potternewton+hall+Estate+Leeds+Congregational |publisher=Simpkin, Marshall & Company|year= 1848 |page= 440 |access-date=9 January 2019}}</ref>
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[[File:StMartinsPotter2.jpg|thumb|right|St Martin's Church (1879–81)]]
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St Martin's Church, the [[Anglican]] [[parish church]], off Chapeltown Road was built in 1879–1881 on land owned by the Lupton family.<ref>{{NHLE |desc=Church of St Martin, St Martin's View – Potternewton |num=1256154 |access-date=25 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Conservation Area Appraisal|first1=Chapeltown|title=Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal|url=http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/Conservation%20Area%20Appraisal.pdf|publisher=UK GOV. Leeds City Council|access-date=29 August 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903082621/http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/Conservation%20Area%20Appraisal.pdf|archive-date=3 September 2014}}</ref> The site for St Martin's had been confirmed in June 1876. The church, designed by [[Adams & Kelly]] of Leeds, was consecrated in 1881.<ref name="Potternewton">{{cite web | url=http://www.leodis.org/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20071022_165014 | title=St. Martin's Church | work=Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds | access-date=1 March 2014}}</ref> It was built of stone from local quarries. The [[stained glass]] was designed by [[Charles Eamer Kempe]].<ref>{{NHLE |desc=St Martin's Church, St Martin's View, Potternewton |num=1256154 |access-date=6 March 2019}} </ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Spark |first1=W. |title=Musical Reminiscences: Past and Present |url=https://archive.org/details/musicalreminisc01spargoog |publisher=Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Company|year= 1892 |access-date=6 March 2019}}</ref> The original design had a steeple, but lack of funds prevented its construction. It now has a mainly West Indian congregation.<ref name="St Martin history">{{cite web | url=http://www.stmartinleeds.org.uk/history/ | title=History | publisher=St Martin's Church, Leeds | access-date=1 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="Chapeltown Road">{{cite web | url= http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=200456_19097536 | title=St Martin's Church, Chapeltown Road| work=Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds | access-date=8 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Broadbent|first1=Helen|title=Church Archives, St Martins Church|url=http://www.stmartinleeds.org.uk/history/church-archives/|work=St Martins Church, Potternewton|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>


Katherine Roubiliac Conder's diaries record her father, Eustace Conder, preaching at Newton Park Chapel in 1874. [[Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone]] worshipped there in May 1880. In March 1880, [[Gladstonian liberalism]] was at its peak at Newton Park; [[Sir John Barran, 1st Baronet|Sir John Barran]] talked of himself and Herbert Gladstone, the Liberal [[Member of Parliament|M.P.]] for Leeds, as being "one man".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bebbington |first1=D. |title=Gladstone Centenary Essays |publisher=Liverpool University Press|year= 2000 |pages=138–152 |isbn=9780853239352 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=atppAtHeIX8C&q=Lupton+newton+park+congregational+chapel&pg=PA149 |access-date=9 January 2019}}</ref> The ''[[Leeds Mercury]]'' reported on 8 October 1887 that the ceremony of the laying of the foundation stone of the Newton Park Union Church "will be performed by Mr. J. Barran, M.P. (later Sir), on behalf of the Baptists, and by Mr. E. Crossley, M.P., on behalf of the Congregationalists”.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEW BAPTIST AND CONGREGATIONAL UNION CHURCH IN LEEDS |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=vcongregationalits%20%20barran%20john%20%20church&county=yorkshire%2c%20england&from=1885&to=1889&type=article |access-date=18 July 2020 |work=Leeds Mercury |location=Yorkshire, England |date=8 October 1887}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | first=D. T. |last=Jenkins | title=Barran family (per. c.1842–1952) |publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2004 | url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/52614 | access-date=28 November 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds |url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2006815_161775&DISPLAY=FULL |website=Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds |publisher=Leeds City Council |access-date=25 July 2020}}</ref>
[[File:1920 - Portion of map of Newton Park Estate, Potternewton, showing property inherited by Mrs Olive C. Middleton and her sister, Anne M. Lupton.jpg|thumb|Portion of 1920 Newton Park map showing property inherited by sisters [[Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge|Olive Middleton]] and [[Lupton family|Anne Lupton]]]][[Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge|Olive Middleton (née Lupton)]] grew up at Rockland in Potternewton. Her father, politician [[Lupton family|Francis Martineau Lupton]], developed his family's estate<ref>{{cite web |last1=de Vries |first1=S. |title=Royal Marriages: Diana, Camilla, Kate & Meghan and princesses who did not live happily ever after |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=pZlxDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT460&dq=beechwood+potternewton+hall+lupton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwihsZHN86zeAhUMuI8KHTuUBLgQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=beechwood%20potternewton%20hall%20lupton&f=false |publisher=Pirgos Press 2018 |accessdate=30 October 2018 |quote=Francis Martineau Lupton was a wealthy mill owner and industrialist turned philanthropist who owned Potternewton/Newton Hall (Estate) in Leeds...}}</ref> and built a shopping parade built on Chapeltown Road in 1891.<ref name="Historic England">{{NHLE|desc=Former lodge to Newton Hall with gate piers and flanking wall|num=1255604|accessdate=27 December 2015}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=|work=Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds|title=Rockland; home of Francis Martineau Lupton and daughter Olive Middleton|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2004713_58150882|publisher=Leeds City Council|accessdate=19 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="CCAA"/> Some months after her birth in 1881, Olive Middleton's great grandfather, [[Thomas Michael Greenhow|Dr Thomas Michael Greenhow]], died at Newton Hall as did his second wife, [[Lupton family|Anne Greenhow (née Lupton)]] in 1905.<ref>{{cite book |title=The London Gazette |date=1905 |publisher=Tho. Newcomb over against Baynards Castle in Thamse-street, 1905 |page=3468|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=U1pDAQAAMAAJ&q=anne+greenhow+london+gazette+newton+hall+leeds&dq=anne+greenhow+london+gazette+newton+hall+leeds&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjG7JGj9ZngAhWZbisKHaI3AsoQ6AEIKDAA|accessdate=1 February 2019 |quote=or demands against the estate of Mrs. Anne Greenhow (née Lupton), late of Newton Hall, Chapel Allerton, in the city of Leeds, Widow of Dr Thomas Michael Greenhow, ... Majesty's High Court of Justice, on the 6th day of May, 1905, by William Walter Lupton, Francis Martineau Lupton and...}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=greenhow%20%20anne%20%20lupton%20newton%20%20hall%20%201905|title=Mrs. Anne Greenhow of Leeds|last=|first=|date=19 May 1905|work=|accessdate=1 February 2019|newspaper=Leeds Mercury |location=Yorkshire, England|quote=Mrs Anne Greenhow of Newton Hall, Chapel Allerton...died 5th April 1905, aged 95 years, daughter of William Lupton of Leeds and widow of Dr Thomas Michael Greenhow.....}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |title=British Medical Journal, Volume 2 |date=1881 |publisher=British Medical Association, 1881 |page=799 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=okUjmPs5wqsC&q=Thomas+Michael+Greenhow+Newton+Hall+1881&dq=Thomas+Michael+Greenhow+Newton+Hall+1881&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwionP6m85ngAhXZWisKHUmKD7IQ6AEINTAD |accessdate=1 February 2019 |quote=OBITUARY, THOMAS M. GREENHOW, M.D., F.R.C.S. ON October 25th, in his ninetieth year, died at Newton Hall,...}}</ref>

===Potternewton Park Mansion and park===
[[File:Potternewton Park Mansion.jpg|thumb|Built {{circa|1817}}. The mansion at Potternewton Park from a postcard postmarked October 1909.]] Harehills Grove, another mansion, was built around 1817 for the woollen merchant James Brown. The Jowitt family owned it in 1861 and they later sold the 750 acre estate and back-to-back terraced houses were built on it. The house and its 30-acre park were bought by the Leeds Corporation to create [[Potternewton Park]] in 1900. By 1906 the house had been renamed Potternewton Mansion and was opened to the public in 1906. After 1929 the house was used for educational purposes.<ref name=PNPM />

The [[Leeds Carnival]] procession starts and finishes at Potternewton Park.


==21st century==
==21st century==
Transport Direct uses the names Potternewton and [[Chapeltown, Leeds|Chapeltown]] for separate areas. Potternewton is the small area around the north of Scott Hall Road around the Scott Hall Road/Potternewton Lane roundabout as most of the area is classified today as Chapeltown. [[West Yorkshire Metro]] and Transport Direct also identify the area as being in this location. Potternewton Lane is served by bus service 7.
Transport Direct uses the names Potternewton and [[Chapeltown, Leeds|Chapeltown]] for separate areas. Potternewton is the small area around the north of Scott Hall Road around the Scott Hall Road/Potternewton Lane roundabout as most of the area is classified today as Chapeltown. [[West Yorkshire Metro]] and Transport Direct also identify the area as being in this location. Potternewton Lane is served by bus service 7.


Millfield Primary School, formerly known as Potternewton Primary, is located on Potternewton Mount.
Mill Field Primary Academy, formerly known as Potternewton Primary School, is on Potternewton Mount. The school converted to academy status on 1 December 2020.<ref>[https://www.millfield.leeds.sch.uk/ Mill Field Primary Academy], accessed 19 January 2021</ref>

==St Martin's Church==
⚫
[[File:StMartinsPotter2.jpg|thumb|right|St Martin's Church, Newton Park Estate (1879–81)]]
⚫
St Martin's Church, the [[Anglican]] [[parish church]], off Chapeltown Road was built in 1879–1881 on land owned by the Lupton family.<ref name="Historic England" /><ref>{{cite web|last1=Conservation Area Appraisal|first1=Chapeltown|title=Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal|url=http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/Conservation%20Area%20Appraisal.pdf|publisher=UK GOV. Leeds City Council|accessdate=29 August 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903082621/http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/Conservation%20Area%20Appraisal.pdf|archivedate=3 September 2014}}</ref> The formation of the parish was the result of a meeting held at the Leeds Church Institute in April 1876, presided over by the Vicar of Leeds, Dr Gott. The site for St Martin's had been confirmed in June 1876. The church was designed by [[Adams & Kelly]] of Leeds and was consecrated in 1881.<ref name="Potternewton">{{cite web | url=http://www.leodis.org/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20071022_165014 | title=St. Martin's Church | work=Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds | accessdate=1 March 2014}}</ref> It was built of stone from local quarries. The church's [[stained glass]] was designed by [[Charles Eamer Kempe]].<ref>{{NHLE |desc=St Martin's Church, St Martin's View, Potternewton |num=1256154 |accessdate=6 March 2019 }} "STAINED GLASS: windows include a war memorial by Kempe firm in North aisle, South aisle Lady Chapel window in memory of Mary Cadman, died 20 March 1894. The unfinished West end had a small wooden bellcote when the church was consecrated..."</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Spark |first1=W. |title=Musical Reminiscences: Past and Present |url=https://archive.org/details/musicalreminisc01spargoog |publisher=Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Company|year= 1892 |accessdate=6 March 2019 |quote=St. Martin's Church, Potternewton. There is no pleasanter spot within the same distance from busy Leeds than that part of Potternewton whereon stands the beautiful Church dedicated to St. Martin. Newton Park, the district in which it is situated...}}</ref>

The original design had a steeple, but lack of funds prevented its construction. St Martin's Church has a mainly West Indian congregation.<ref name="St Martin history">{{cite web | url=http://www.stmartinleeds.org.uk/history/ | title=History | publisher=St Martin's Church, Leeds | accessdate=1 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="Chapeltown Road">{{cite web | url= http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=200456_19097536 | title=St Martin's Church, Chapeltown Road| work=Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds | accessdate=8 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Broadbent|first1=Helen|title=Church Archives, St Martins Church|url=http://www.stmartinleeds.org.uk/history/church-archives/|work=St Martins Church, Potternewton|publisher=|accessdate=17 September 2014}}</ref>


== People of Potternewton ==
== People of Potternewton ==
*[[Charles Holroyd|Sir Charles Holroyd]] (1861–1917) Artist and museum curator<ref name=ODNB>{{cite ODNB |last=Herring |first=Sarah |freearticle= |date=30 May 2013 |edition=online |origyear=2004 |doi= |id=33961 |title=Holroyd, Sir Charles (1861–1917) |url=}}</ref>
*[[Charles Holroyd|Sir Charles Holroyd]] (1861–1917) Artist and museum curator<ref name=ODNB>{{cite ODNB |last=Herring |first=Sarah |date=30 May 2013 |edition=online |orig-year=2004 |id=33961 |title=Holroyd, Sir Charles (1861–1917) }}</ref>
*[[Joyce Gould, Baroness Gould of Potternewton]]
*[[Joyce Gould, Baroness Gould of Potternewton]]
*[[Lupton family]]
*[[Lupton family]]

==See also==
*[[Listed buildings in Leeds (Chapel Allerton Ward)]]


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 11:48, 9 December 2023

Potternewton also Potter Newton is a suburb and parish between Chapeltown and Chapel Allerton in north-east Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It is in the Chapel Allerton ward of Leeds City Council.

Potternewton Park
Skate park in Potternewton Park

Potternewton is bounded by Scott Hall Road to the west, Roundhay Road to the east and Harehills Lane to the north. The main thoroughfare is Chapeltown Road. The suburb is often considered to be part of Chapeltown. On older maps, Potternewton included the Chapeltown and Scott Hall areas and parts of Harehills. Potternewton is an historic village and many older maps prioritise its name over Chapeltown.[1]

Etymology[edit]

The name is attested in the twelfth century as Neuton and Neuthon. The name is from the Old English nīwe meaning new and tūn a farmstead or estate. The name appears with the addition of 'potter' in the thirteenth century, as Pottersneuton, Neuton Potter, Potterneuton and Potter Newton because a pottery industry had developed to distinguish it from many other villages called Newton in the country.[2]

Potternewton once included Allerton Gledhow. The name Allerton comes from the Old English alor, an alder tree, in its genitive plural form alra, and the word tūn meaning 'farmstead of the alder trees'. The element Gledhow refers to the nearby settlement of the same name, distinguishing it from nearby places such as Chapel Allerton, Moor Allerton, and Allerton Bywater.[3]

History[edit]

1842 map of Potternewton; Potternewton Hall, Newton Hall, Newton Green Hall, lodges, farms and out-buildings

Potternewton was the site of pottery manufacture in the Roman period.[2] Over time the manor belonged to the Mauleverers, the Scotts of Scott Hall, the Hardwicks and in 1870 belonged to the Earl of Mexborough.[4]

The Earl of Mexborough and Earl Cowper sold parts of their estates in the 1700s and litigated until the early 1800s as to who legally owned the land. Around this time James Brown owned much of the area that became known as Chapeltown.[5][6][7]

In "the first year of the sixteenth century" the Low Hall or Newton Hall estate was worth 300 pounds a year.[8] In the 18th century, the Barker/Ray family owned Newton Hall (Low Hall) which Ralph Thoresby described as a "venerable old fabric" and built Potternewton Hall, the "upper house", for the widow, Mrs Barker, to retire to in the 1730s.[9]

Potternewton Hall, built c. 1730
Built c. 1817. The mansion at Potternewton Park from a postcard postmarked October 1909.

By the early 19th century a number of mansions, some with extensive grounds, had been built around the Potternewton and Chapeltown roads: The Scott family owned the mid-18th century Scott Hall.[10] Woollen merchant James Brown owned Harehills Grove, which was built around 1817.[11] The Jowitt family who owned the 750-acre estate in 1861, sold it and back-to-back terraced houses were built on it. The house and its 30-acre park were bought by Leeds Corporation to create Potternewton Park in 1900. The house had been renamed Potternewton Mansion by the time it opened to the public in 1906. After 1929 the house was used for educational purposes.[11] The Leeds Carnival procession starts and finishes in Potternewton Park.

Potternewton Lodge, Newton Green Hall, Potternewton Hall and Newton Hall were owned by the Lupton family. Arthur Lupton bought Newton Hall and 50 acres of land from the Earl of Mexborough in 1845. The surveyor Henry Teal divided the rest of the earl's land into lots for sale.[12][13][14]

The foundation stone of Newton Park Union Church was laid by Sir John Barran in 1887.[15]

Potternewton Hall was the residence of Darnton Lupton.[16] Another Lupton brother, Francis, lived at Potternewton Hall from 1847 and had purchased the freehold of the estate by 1860. In 1870, Francis and Darnton Lupton purchased the Newton Hall estate from their brother.[17][18]

In the 1870s, the Potternewton township, covering 1,667 acres about two miles north of Leeds, comprised the villages of New Leeds, part of Buslingthorpe and the hamlets of Gipton, Harehills, and Squire-Pastures.

By the outbreak of the Second World War, Newton Hall and Potternewton Hall had been demolished and the city's largest private housing estate was built on their surrounding land.[19][20]

Francis Lupton's son, Francis Martineau Lupton inherited the estate where his daughter, Olive, grew up at Rockland, an Arts and Crafts stone-built house.[21]

Churches and chapels[edit]

Arthur Lupton supported building the old Potternewton Congregationalist Chapel and in 1870, a chapel designed by architect W. H. Harris, shared by Congregationalists and Baptists, was built on the Newton Hall Estate. By 1887, Newton Park Union Church, designed in the 14th century Decorated Gothic style by architect Archibald Neill, had been built at the east side of the chapel. By 1952, after deconsecration, the church was used as the Royal Air Force Association Club and became a Sikh temple in the 1960s. The 1870 chapel was used for a time as the Old Central Hebrew Congregational Synagogue.[22][23][24]

St Martin's Church (1879–81)

St Martin's Church, the Anglican parish church, off Chapeltown Road was built in 1879–1881 on land owned by the Lupton family.[25][26] The site for St Martin's had been confirmed in June 1876. The church, designed by Adams & Kelly of Leeds, was consecrated in 1881.[27] It was built of stone from local quarries. The stained glass was designed by Charles Eamer Kempe.[28][29] The original design had a steeple, but lack of funds prevented its construction. It now has a mainly West Indian congregation.[30][31][32]

Katherine Roubiliac Conder's diaries record her father, Eustace Conder, preaching at Newton Park Chapel in 1874. Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone worshipped there in May 1880. In March 1880, Gladstonian liberalism was at its peak at Newton Park; Sir John Barran talked of himself and Herbert Gladstone, the Liberal M.P. for Leeds, as being "one man".[33] The Leeds Mercury reported on 8 October 1887 that the ceremony of the laying of the foundation stone of the Newton Park Union Church "will be performed by Mr. J. Barran, M.P. (later Sir), on behalf of the Baptists, and by Mr. E. Crossley, M.P., on behalf of the Congregationalists”.[34][35][36]

21st century[edit]

Transport Direct uses the names Potternewton and Chapeltown for separate areas. Potternewton is the small area around the north of Scott Hall Road around the Scott Hall Road/Potternewton Lane roundabout as most of the area is classified today as Chapeltown. West Yorkshire Metro and Transport Direct also identify the area as being in this location. Potternewton Lane is served by bus service 7.

Mill Field Primary Academy, formerly known as Potternewton Primary School, is on Potternewton Mount. The school converted to academy status on 1 December 2020.[37]

People of Potternewton[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Godfrey, A. (8 August 2017). "Old Ordnance Survey Maps of Leeds". Consett, Co Durham: Alan Godfrey Maps.
  2. ^ a b Harry Parkin, Your City's Place-Names: Leeds, English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 82.
  3. ^ Harry Parkin, Your City's Place-Names: Leeds, English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 73.
  4. ^ "Potter Newton West Riding". Vision of Britain. Retrieved 5 August 2017.
  5. ^ Westwood, S. (11 May 2018). Imagining Cities. Routledge. ISBN 9781351171182. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  6. ^ Moorhouse, S. (1981). West Yorkshire : an Archaeological Survey. West Yorkshire Metropolitan County Council. pp. 480–481. ISBN 9780861810017. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  7. ^ Great Britain. Court of Chancery, Thomas Vernon, John Raithby (1828). "Cases Argued and Adjudged in the High Court of Chancery". J. Butterworth and Son. p. 651. Retrieved 16 January 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ Parsons, E. (1834). "The Civil, Ecclesiastical, Literary, Commercial, and Miscellaneous History of Leeds, Halifax, Huddersfield, Bradford, Wakefield, Dewsbury, Otley". F. Hobson 1834. p. 202. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  9. ^ Barker, E. (1821). "The Will of M. A. M. Faber, with Facts and Observations Proving Its ..." Edmund Henry Barker 1821. pp. 24–28. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  10. ^ "Scott Hall – SALE". The Houseshop. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  11. ^ a b "Potternewton Park Mansion, Harehills Lane". Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds. UK Gov Leeds City Council. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  12. ^ Brown, W. (14 February 2013) [1909–1955]. Yorkshire Deeds:, Volume 1–10. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108058407. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  13. ^ Treen, Colin (2018). The Thoresby Society – The Society's Archives (Sales Particulars) (Report). The Thoresby Society.
  14. ^ "Sale – The Newton Hall Estate – Containing about 50 acres". Leeds Intelligencer. 16 June 1866. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
  15. ^ "NEW BAPTIST AND CONGREGATIONAL UNION CHURCH IN LEEDS". Leeds Mercury. 8 October 1887. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
  16. ^ The Poll Book of the Leeds Borough Election, July, 1837. R. Perring. 1837. p. 28.
  17. ^ Laycock, Mike (17 March 2015). "Duchess of Cambridge's links with stately home near York revealed". The Press. Retrieved 19 March 2015.
  18. ^ "Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal" (PDF). Leeds City Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 October 2018. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
  19. ^ "Potternewton, entrance gates". Leodis – A photographic History of Leeds. Leeds City Council. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
  20. ^ "Potternewton Hall, Potternewton Lane". Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds. Leeds City Council. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  21. ^ "Leodis - A photographic archive of Leeds: Rockland; home of Francis Martineau Lupton and daughter Olive Middleton". Leeds City Council. Retrieved 16 December 2020.
  22. ^ "Leodis". Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds. Leeds City Council. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
  23. ^ Wolffe, J. (2000). Yorkshire Returns of the 1851 Census of Religious Worship: West Riding (North). Borthwick Publications. ISBN 9781904497103. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  24. ^ Mayhall, J. (1848). "The Annals of Yorkshire: From the Earliest Period to the Present Time, Volume 3". Simpkin, Marshall & Company. p. 440. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  25. ^ Historic England. "Church of St Martin, St Martin's View – Potternewton (1256154)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
  26. ^ Conservation Area Appraisal, Chapeltown. "Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal" (PDF). UK GOV. Leeds City Council. Archived from the original (PDF) on 3 September 2014. Retrieved 29 August 2013.
  27. ^ "St. Martin's Church". Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
  28. ^ Historic England. "St Martin's Church, St Martin's View, Potternewton (1256154)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  29. ^ Spark, W. (1892). Musical Reminiscences: Past and Present. Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Company. Retrieved 6 March 2019.
  30. ^ "History". St Martin's Church, Leeds. Retrieved 1 March 2014.
  31. ^ "St Martin's Church, Chapeltown Road". Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds. Retrieved 8 March 2014.
  32. ^ Broadbent, Helen. "Church Archives, St Martins Church". St Martins Church, Potternewton. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
  33. ^ Bebbington, D. (2000). Gladstone Centenary Essays. Liverpool University Press. pp. 138–152. ISBN 9780853239352. Retrieved 9 January 2019.
  34. ^ "NEW BAPTIST AND CONGREGATIONAL UNION CHURCH IN LEEDS". Leeds Mercury. Yorkshire, England. 8 October 1887. Retrieved 18 July 2020.
  35. ^ Jenkins, D. T. (2004). "Barran family (per. c.1842–1952)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. Oxford University Press. Retrieved 28 November 2007.
  36. ^ "Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds". Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds. Leeds City Council. Retrieved 25 July 2020.
  37. ^ Mill Field Primary Academy, accessed 19 January 2021
  38. ^ Herring, Sarah (30 May 2013) [2004]. "Holroyd, Sir Charles (1861–1917)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/33961. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)

External links[edit]

Location grid[edit]

53°49′13″N 1°32′00″W / 53.8202°N 1.5332°W / 53.8202; -1.5332

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