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{{short description|Species of plant}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
| image = Bō-á-tún ê hoe.jpg
| image = Bō-á-tún ê hoe.jpg
| genus = Abutilon
| genus = Abutilon
| species = indicum
| species = indicum
| authority = ([[Johann Heinrich Friedrich Link|Link]]) [[Robert Sweet (botanist)|Sweet]]<ref name="PIER">{{cite web| title=''Abutilon indicum'' | publisher=Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk | url=http://www.hear.org/Pier/species/abutilon_indicum.htm | accessdate=2008-06-18}}</ref>
| authority = ([[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]) [[Robert Sweet (botanist)|Sweet]]<ref name="PIER">{{cite web| title=''Abutilon indicum'' | publisher=Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk | url=http://www.hear.org/Pier/species/abutilon_indicum.htm | accessdate=2008-06-18}}</ref>
| synonyms = ''Sida indica'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| synonyms = ''Sida indica'' [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
}}
}}
[[File:Indian abutilon.jpg|thumb|Indian abutilon]]
[[File:Indian abutilon.jpg|thumb|Indian abutilon]]
[[File:Pollens of Abuliton indicam 3.jpg|thumb|Pollen grains of Abutilon indicum]]


'''''Abutilon indicum''''' ('''Indian abutilon''', '''Indian mallow''') is a small shrub in the family [[Malvaceae]], native to tropic and subtropical regions and sometimes cultivated as an ornamental.Found in Tamil Nadu.<ref>{{cite journal | url = http://www.ptfarm.pl/pub/File/wydawnictwa/acta_pol_2002/pdf-y%202002-3/227-229.pdf | author = Matlwaska | title = Flavonoid compounds in the flowers of ''Abutilon indicum'' (Linn.) Sweet | journal = Acia Poloniac Pharmaceutic - Drug Research | volume = 59 | issue = 3 | pages = 227–229 | year = 2002}}</ref> This plant is often used as a [[medicinal plant]] and is considered invasive on certain tropical islands.Its roots and leaves are used for curing fever.<ref name="PIER"/>
'''''Abutilon indicum''''' ('''Indian abutilon''', '''Indian mallow''') is a small shrub in the family [[Malvaceae]], native to tropical and subtropical regions. This plant is a valuable [[medicinal plant|medicinal]] and [[ornamental plant]], its roots and leaves being used for curing fevers. It has been widely introduced outside of its native range, and is considered invasive on certain tropical islands.<ref name="PIER"/>

*Tamil name: துத்தி "thuthi"
*Sanskrit name: अतिबला ''Atibalaa''
*Telugu name: ''Duvvena Kayalu'' "duvvena benda"(దువ్వెన బెండ)
*Kannada name: ''TuThThi gida'' (ತುಥ್ಥಿ ಗಿಡ)
*Odia name: ପେଡ଼ି ପେଡ଼ିକା "Pedi Pedika" <ref>{{Cite web |url=http://www.ekamravan.in/medicinal_detail.htm |title=Archived copy |access-date=2016-12-06 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161218123731/http://www.ekamravan.in/medicinal_detail.htm |archive-date=2016-12-18 |url-status=dead }}</ref>

==Distribution==
==Distribution==
The species occurs in a number of tropical and subtropical zones. An example occurrence is within parts of the [[Great Barrier Reef]] islands of the [[Coral Sea]].<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia | author = C.Michael Hogan | year = 2011 | url = http://www.eoearth.org/article/Coral_Sea?topic=49523 | title = Coral Sea | encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of Earth |editor1=P. Saundry |editor2=C.J. Cleveland | publisher = National Council for Science and the Environment | location = Washington DC}}</ref>
The species occurs in a number of tropical and subtropical zones. An example occurrence is within parts of the [[Great Barrier Reef]] islands of the [[Coral Sea]].<ref>{{Cite encyclopedia | author = C.Michael Hogan | year = 2011 | url = http://www.eoearth.org/article/Coral_Sea?topic=49523 | title = Coral Sea | encyclopedia = Encyclopedia of Earth |editor1=P. Saundry |editor2=C.J. Cleveland | publisher = National Council for Science and the Environment | location = Washington DC}}</ref>
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==Traditional medicine==
==Traditional medicine==


In traditional medicine, ''A. indicum'' various parts of the plant are used as a demulcent, aphrodisiac,laxative, diuretic, sedative, astringent, expectorant, tonic, anti-inflammatory, anthelmintic, and analgesic and to treat leprosy, ulcers, headaches, gonorrhea, and bladder infection.<ref name="Rajakaruna">{{cite journal | url = http://www.biology.sjsu.edu/facultystaff/nrajakaruna/18Rajakaruna%20et%20al2002.pdf |author1=Nishanta Rajakaruna |author2=Cory S. Harris |author3=G.H.N. Towers | title = Antimicrobial Activity of Plants Collected from Serpentine Outcrops in Sri Lanka | journal = Pharmaceutical Biology | year = 2002 | volume = 40 | issue = 3 | pages = 235–244 | doi = 10.1076/phbi.40.3.235.5825}}</ref> The whole plant is uprooted, dried and is powdered. In ancient days, maidens were made to consume a spoonful of this powder with a spoonful of honey, once in a day, for 6 months until the day of marriage, for safe and quick pregnancy.{{Pandikumar, P., Chellappandian, M., Mutheeswaran, S., & Ignacimuthu, S. (2011). Consensus of local knowledge on medicinal plants among traditional healers in Mayiladumparai block of Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India. Journal of Ethnopharmacology, 134(2), 354-362.}}
In traditional medicine, ''A. indicum'' various parts of the plant are used as a demulcent, aphrodisiac, laxative, diuretic, sedative, astringent, expectorant, tonic, anti-convulsant,<ref>Anticonvulsant activity of ''Abutilon indicum'' Leaf. Dharmesh K Golwala, Laxman D Patel, Santosh K Vaidya, Sunil B Bothara, Munesh Mani, Piyush Patel. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (IJPPS) (ISSN 0975-1491), Sagar, India. 2010: Volume 2, Issue 1, page: 66-72.[https://innovareacademics.in/journal/ijpps/Vol2Issue1/256.pdf]</ref> anti-inflammatory,<ref>Anti-inflammatory activity of ''Abutilon indicum'' Linn. Leaf. DK Golwala, LD Patel,SB Bothara, SK Vaidya, AR Sahu, S Kumar. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical & Technology (ISSN Online: 0974-360X; Print: 0974-3618), Raipur, India. 2010: Volume 3, Issue 1, page: 433-439.[https://rjptonline.org/AbstractView.aspx?PID=2010-3-1-32]</ref> anthelmintic, and analgesic and to treat leprosy, ulcers, headaches, gonorrhea, and bladder infection.<ref name="Rajakaruna">{{cite journal | url = http://www.biology.sjsu.edu/facultystaff/nrajakaruna/18Rajakaruna%20et%20al2002.pdf |author1=Nishanta Rajakaruna |author2=Cory S. Harris |author3=G.H.N. Towers | title = Antimicrobial Activity of Plants Collected from Serpentine Outcrops in Sri Lanka | journal = Pharmaceutical Biology | year = 2002 | volume = 40 | issue = 3 | pages = 235–244 | doi = 10.1076/phbi.40.3.235.5825|s2cid=53004266 }}</ref> The whole plant is uprooted, dried and is powdered. In ancient days, maidens were made to consume a spoonful of this powder with a spoonful of honey, once in a day, for 6 months until the day of marriage, for a safe and quick pregnancy.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Pandikumar|first1=P.|last2=Chellappandian|first2=M.|last3=Mutheeswaran|first3=S.|last4=Ignacimuthu|first4=S.|date=2011|title=Consensus of local knowledge on medicinal plants among traditional healers in Mayiladumparai block of Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India|journal=Journal of Ethnopharmacology|volume=134|issue=2|pages=354–362|doi=10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.027|pmid=21193023}}</ref>


The plant is very much used in Siddha medicines. The root, bark, flowers, leaves and seeds are all used for medicinal purposes by Tamils.{{Citation needed|date=September 2012}} The leaves are used as adjunct to medicines used for pile complaints. The flowers are used to increase semen in men.<ref>J.Raamachandran, "HERBS OF SIDDHA MEDICINES-The First 3D Book on Herbs, p4{{full citation needed|date=November 2012}}</ref>{{medrs|date=September 2012}}
The plant is commonly used in Siddha medicines. The root, bark, flowers, leaves and seeds are all used for medicinal purposes by Tamils.{{Citation needed|date=September 2012}} The leaves are used as adjunct to medicines used for pile complaints. The flowers are used to increase semen in men.<ref>J.Raamachandran, "Herbs of Siddha Medicines – The First 3D Book on Herbs, p. 4{{full citation needed|date=November 2012}}</ref>{{medrs|date=September 2012}}


[[File:ABUTILON INDICUM.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Abutilon indicum''.]]
[[File:ABUTILON INDICUM.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Abutilon indicum''.]]


==Chemistry==
==Chemistry==
[[β-Sitosterol]] is present in ''A. indicum'' and a petroleum ether extract has larvicidal properties against the mosquito larvae ''[[Culex quinquefasciatus]]''.<ref>{{cite journal | url = http://www.springerlink.com/content/l8071n6511088010/ |author1=A. Abdul Rahuman |author2=Geetha Gopalakrishnan |author3=P. Venkatesan |author4=Kannappan Geetha | title = Isolation and identification of mosquito larvicidal compound from ''Abutilon indicum'' (Linn.) Sweet | journal = Parasitology Research | volume = 102 | issue = 5 | year = 2008 | doi = 10.1007/s00436-007-0864-5 | pages=981–988}}</ref> A methanol extract of ''A. indicum'' has some antimicrobial properties.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.4103/0250-474X.31031 | url = http://www.ijpsonline.com/article.asp?issn=0250-474X;year=2006;volume=68;issue=6;spage=832;epage=834;aulast=Parekh |author1=Jigna Parekh |author2=Nehal Karathia |author3=Sumitra Chanda | title = Screening of some traditionally used medicinal plants for potential antibacterial activity | journal = Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences |year= 2006 | pages = 832 |volume=68 | issue=6}}</ref>
[[β-Sitosterol]] is present in ''A. indicum'' and a petroleum ether extract has larvicidal properties against the mosquito larvae ''[[Culex quinquefasciatus]]''.<ref>{{cite journal |author1=A. Abdul Rahuman |author2=Geetha Gopalakrishnan |author3=P. Venkatesan |author4=Kannappan Geetha | title = Isolation and identification of mosquito larvicidal compound from ''Abutilon indicum'' (Linn.) Sweet | journal = Parasitology Research | volume = 102 | issue = 5 | year = 2008 | doi = 10.1007/s00436-007-0864-5 | pages=981–988|pmid=18176816 |s2cid=845151 }}</ref> A methanol extract of ''A. indicum'' has some antimicrobial properties.<ref>{{cite journal | doi = 10.4103/0250-474X.31031 | url = http://www.ijpsonline.com/article.asp?issn=0250-474X;year=2006;volume=68;issue=6;spage=832;epage=834;aulast=Parekh |author1=Jigna Parekh |author2=Nehal Karathia |author3=Sumitra Chanda | title = Screening of some traditionally used medicinal plants for potential antibacterial activity | journal = Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences |year= 2006 | pages = 832 |volume=68 | issue=6 | doi-access=free }}</ref>


==References==
==References==
Line 35: Line 30:
==External links==
==External links==
{{Commons}}
{{Commons}}
*[https://slflora.blogspot.com/2014/09/indian-mallow-beheth-anoda.html ''Abutilon indicum, Indian Mallow Sinhalese Name:Beheth Anoda''] Indian Mallow, Abutilon
*[http://www.hear.org/Pier/species/abutilon_indicum.htm ''Abutilon indicum''] photo
*[http://www.hear.org/Pier/species/abutilon_indicum.htm ''Abutilon indicum''] photo
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131230234654/http://libproject.hkbu.edu.hk/was40/detail?lang=en&channelid=1288&searchword=herb_id%3DD01347 Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet] Medicinal Plant Images Database (School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University) {{zh-hant}} {{en icon}}
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20131230234654/http://libproject.hkbu.edu.hk/was40/detail?lang=en&channelid=1288&searchword=herb_id%3DD01347 Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet] Medicinal Plant Images Database (School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University) {{in lang|zh-hant}} {{in lang|en}}


{{Taxonbar|from=Q2901598}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q2901598}}

Latest revision as of 17:06, 1 February 2024

Abutilon indicum
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Malvaceae
Genus: Abutilon
Species:
A. indicum
Binomial name
Abutilon indicum
Synonyms

Sida indica L.

Indian abutilon
Pollen grains of Abutilon indicum

Abutilon indicum (Indian abutilon, Indian mallow) is a small shrub in the family Malvaceae, native to tropical and subtropical regions. This plant is a valuable medicinal and ornamental plant, its roots and leaves being used for curing fevers. It has been widely introduced outside of its native range, and is considered invasive on certain tropical islands.[1]

Distribution[edit]

The species occurs in a number of tropical and subtropical zones. An example occurrence is within parts of the Great Barrier Reef islands of the Coral Sea.[2]

Traditional medicine[edit]

In traditional medicine, A. indicum various parts of the plant are used as a demulcent, aphrodisiac, laxative, diuretic, sedative, astringent, expectorant, tonic, anti-convulsant,[3] anti-inflammatory,[4] anthelmintic, and analgesic and to treat leprosy, ulcers, headaches, gonorrhea, and bladder infection.[5] The whole plant is uprooted, dried and is powdered. In ancient days, maidens were made to consume a spoonful of this powder with a spoonful of honey, once in a day, for 6 months until the day of marriage, for a safe and quick pregnancy.[6]

The plant is commonly used in Siddha medicines. The root, bark, flowers, leaves and seeds are all used for medicinal purposes by Tamils.[citation needed] The leaves are used as adjunct to medicines used for pile complaints. The flowers are used to increase semen in men.[7][unreliable medical source?]

Abutilon indicum.

Chemistry[edit]

β-Sitosterol is present in A. indicum and a petroleum ether extract has larvicidal properties against the mosquito larvae Culex quinquefasciatus.[8] A methanol extract of A. indicum has some antimicrobial properties.[9]

References[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Abutilon indicum". Pacific Island Ecosystems at Risk. Retrieved 2008-06-18.
  2. ^ C.Michael Hogan (2011). "Coral Sea". In P. Saundry; C.J. Cleveland (eds.). Encyclopedia of Earth. Washington DC: National Council for Science and the Environment.
  3. ^ Anticonvulsant activity of Abutilon indicum Leaf. Dharmesh K Golwala, Laxman D Patel, Santosh K Vaidya, Sunil B Bothara, Munesh Mani, Piyush Patel. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences (IJPPS) (ISSN 0975-1491), Sagar, India. 2010: Volume 2, Issue 1, page: 66-72.[1]
  4. ^ Anti-inflammatory activity of Abutilon indicum Linn. Leaf. DK Golwala, LD Patel,SB Bothara, SK Vaidya, AR Sahu, S Kumar. Research Journal of Pharmaceutical & Technology (ISSN Online: 0974-360X; Print: 0974-3618), Raipur, India. 2010: Volume 3, Issue 1, page: 433-439.[2]
  5. ^ Nishanta Rajakaruna; Cory S. Harris; G.H.N. Towers (2002). "Antimicrobial Activity of Plants Collected from Serpentine Outcrops in Sri Lanka" (PDF). Pharmaceutical Biology. 40 (3): 235–244. doi:10.1076/phbi.40.3.235.5825. S2CID 53004266.
  6. ^ Pandikumar, P.; Chellappandian, M.; Mutheeswaran, S.; Ignacimuthu, S. (2011). "Consensus of local knowledge on medicinal plants among traditional healers in Mayiladumparai block of Theni District, Tamil Nadu, India". Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 134 (2): 354–362. doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.12.027. PMID 21193023.
  7. ^ J.Raamachandran, "Herbs of Siddha Medicines – The First 3D Book on Herbs, p. 4[full citation needed]
  8. ^ A. Abdul Rahuman; Geetha Gopalakrishnan; P. Venkatesan; Kannappan Geetha (2008). "Isolation and identification of mosquito larvicidal compound from Abutilon indicum (Linn.) Sweet". Parasitology Research. 102 (5): 981–988. doi:10.1007/s00436-007-0864-5. PMID 18176816. S2CID 845151.
  9. ^ Jigna Parekh; Nehal Karathia; Sumitra Chanda (2006). "Screening of some traditionally used medicinal plants for potential antibacterial activity". Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences. 68 (6): 832. doi:10.4103/0250-474X.31031.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Abutilon indicum.
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