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{{Short description|Uruguayan sculptor (1891–1975)}} |
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{{Expand Spanish|topic=culture|date=March 2009}} |
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{{Infobox artist |
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'''José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín ''' (September 5, 1891-1975) was a [[Uruguay|Uruguayan]] [[sculptor]]. |
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He was one of the sculptors who had a significant impact in creating modern monuments in [[Montevideo]]. His style displayed elements of aesthetic [[baroque]] incorporated with modern plastic sculpture. |
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| birth_date = 5 September 1891 |
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| birth_place = [[Madrid]], [[Spain]] |
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| death_date = {{death date and age|1975|5|24|1891|9|5|df=yes}} |
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| death_place = [[Montevideo]], [[Uruguay]] |
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| nationality = [[Uruguay]]an |
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}} |
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'''José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín ''' (5 September 1891 – 24 May 1975) was a [[Uruguay]]an [[sculptor]] and [[Painting|painter]].<ref>{{Cite web |last=Alvarez Montero |first=Miguel |date=2001 |title=José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín : su obra y su taller |url=https://www.worldcat.org/title/47870653 |access-date=2022-11-26 |website=www.worldcat.org |language=en |oclc=47870653}}</ref> One of the pivotal sculptors from Uruguay, his most significant impact was through the monuments he created in the capital city of [[Montevideo]]. His style displayed elements of aesthetic [[baroque sculpture|baroque]] incorporated with modern sculpture. |
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== Biography == |
== Biography == |
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===Early life=== |
===Early life=== |
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Born in 1891, he was the son of the writer [[Juan Zorrilla de San Martín]], who served in the court of [[Alfonso XIII]] |
Born in [[Madrid]] in 1891, he was the son of the writer [[Juan Zorrilla de San Martín]], who served in the court of [[Alfonso XIII]] as Ambassador of Uruguay.<ref name=":0">{{Cite book |last=Bethell |first=Leslie |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ZLnqpeADMYC |title=A Cultural History of Latin America: Literature, Music and the Visual Arts in the 19th and 20th Centuries |date=1998-08-13 |publisher=Cambridge University Press |isbn=978-0-521-62626-2 |pages=444 |language=en}}</ref> For three years he moved to [[Paris]], where he met [[Carlos Federico Sáez]] and would prove a strong influence in his interest and artistic style later. |
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He settled in Montevideo in 1898. His first oil painting portraits dating from 1906 show a great influence from Sáez. He studied at the Círculo de Bellas Artes with painter Vicente Puig, and later received lessons from the sculptor Philip Menini (1909). Between 1911 and 1914, his work was first exhibited. |
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===Life in Europe=== |
===Life in Europe=== |
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[[File:Estatua de Artigas en Washington DC - José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín (2).jpg|thumb|200px|Monument to Uruguayan founding father [[José Artigas]] in [[Washington, DC]] (1948).]] |
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[[File:2016 Montevido Estatua de Juan Zorrilla de San Martín.jpg|thumb|200px|Monument in Montevideo to Uruguayan writer [[Juan Zorrilla de San Martín]], the sculptor's father (1975).]] |
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After receiving a scholarship from the Uruguayan government in 1914 to study in [[Munich]], he had to stay in [[Florence]] due to the outbreak of [[World War I]].<ref name=":0" /> He returned to Uruguay the following year and entered the Legislative Palace as an assistant sculptor. |
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| ⚫ | He won the International Competition to erect the monument ''Andalusia Gaucho'' (1922) and already married to Guma Muñoz del Campo, moved with their two daughters (Inés and [[China Zorrilla|Concepción]]) to Paris soon after, where he set up a workshop and studied under the sculptor [[Antoine Bourdelle]]. |
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| ⚫ | The monument should be based in Brussels, as the best casting workshop of the French capital was occupied in the works of [[Antoine Bourdelle]], who later would be linked as a disciple and friend. That same year, he made "Old vizcacha" and the statue of José Gervasio Artigas in [[Asunción]], [[Paraguay]]. |
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| ⚫ | From that time is "Saint Joseph and Child", aimed at a church in the island of Saint Louis. Parallel attended workshops Maillol, Despiau and Drivier. He unveiled the Fountain of the Athletes in 1925 at the Salon d'Automne, which received the silver medal; the work is now located in Rodó Park, Montevideo. |
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===Return to Uruguay=== |
===Return to Uruguay=== |
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In 1925 he returned to Uruguay and the following year the monument was inaugurated |
In 1925 he returned to Uruguay and the following year the monument was inaugurated. Work of years: a monument to the Battle of Sarandi (1930), decoration of the chapel of the Prison for Women (1930), equestrian statue of the Grito de Asencio (1936) and the [[Obelisk of Montevideo]] (''Obelisco a los Constituyentes de 1830'') (1936, sparkling granite 41 meters high with three allegorical bronze installed in the Parque José Batlle y Ordóñez de Montevideo). |
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He won the international competition for the equestrian monument to Argentine General [[Julio Roca]] (1937) and opened a workshop in Buenos Aires for its completion. |
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| ⚫ | That year the Bishop of recumbent monuments Mariano Soler, First Archbishop of Montevideo, located in the Cathedral of that city.<ref name=":0" /> He was invited to attend the Paris Exposition of 1937 and declared a "guest of honor." He was, in turn, invited in 1940 to travel to the United States by President [[Franklin D. Roosevelt]]. |
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Between 1940 and 1961, Zorrilla was the Director of the National Museum of Visual Arts in Montevideo. He created a monument to Artigas in 1947 to be placed in the [[Banco de la República Oriental del Uruguay]] (unveiled in 1949). The Monument to Artigas, commissioned by the government of Argentina, was made in 1960, but its unveiling in [[Recoleta, Buenos Aires]], was delayed until 1971. |
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He completed a monument to Artigas in [[Rome]], and following its unveiling in 1966, was awarded the title of ''[[Commander (order)|Commendatore]]'' by the [[government of Italy]]. Another statue, ''El Viejo Pancho'', located in the Plaza de la Libertad de Montevideo street, dates from 1969. |
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Following lengthy proceedings, on 24 September 1997, the Uruguayan Ambassador Julio Pombo and [[New York City]] Mayor [[Rudolph Giuliani]] unveiled a monument to General Artigas, located in [[SoHo]], [[Manhattan]], between [[Avenue of the Americas]] and [[Spring Street (Manhattan)|Spring Street]]. Among the personalities that attended this inauguration, the Uruguayan ambassador, Foreign Affairs minister Álvaro Ramos; the President of the [[Inter-American Development Bank]], [[Enrique V. Iglesias]]; and NY City Parks Department Director, [[Henry Stern (New York politician)|Henry Stern]]. His workshop in Punta Carretas is a museum next to the Museo Zorrilla. |
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| ⚫ | That year the Bishop of recumbent monuments Mariano Soler, First Archbishop of Montevideo, located in the Cathedral of that city. He was invited to attend the Paris Exposition of 1937 and declared a "guest of honor." |
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The Monument to Artigas, commissioned by the government of Argentina, was conducted in 1960, but its opening was delayed until 1971. In 1966, during the inauguration of foot statue of Artigas, was invited by the government of Italy to attend the ceremony and was awarded the title of Commander. Artigas also ran for a Villa Borghese, Rome (1967). El Viejo Pancho, located in the Plaza de la Libertad de Montevideo street, dates from 1969. |
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Between 1940 and 1961, was the Director of the National Museum of Visual Arts in Montevideo. |
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Married Guma Muñoz del Campo, who had five daughters. Her second daughter is the famous actress Concepción China Zorrilla. |
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==Death== |
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Zorrilla died in Montevideo at 84 years of age.{{cn|date=November 2022}} |
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His workshop in Punta Carretas is a museum next to the Museo Zorrilla devoted father. |
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{{Reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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* [http://www.rau.edu.uy/uruguay/cultura/zorri.htm José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín] |
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* [https://web.archive.org/web/20090604131135/http://www.mnav.gub.uy/zorrilla.htm José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín] |
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{{Commons category|José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín}} |
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*''This article was initially translated from Spanish wikipedia.'' |
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{{Authority control (arts)|country=ES}} |
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{{Sculptor-stub}} |
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{{Uruguay-bio-stub}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Zorrilla de San Martin, Jose}} |
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[[Category:1891 births]] |
[[Category:1891 births]] |
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[[Category:1975 deaths]] |
[[Category:1975 deaths]] |
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[[Category:Artists from Madrid]] |
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[[Category:20th-century Uruguayan sculptors]] |
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[[Category:20th-century Uruguayan painters]] |
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[[Category:Uruguayan male artists]] |
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[[Category:Uruguayan male painters]] |
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[[Category:20th-century Uruguayan male artists]] |
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Latest revision as of 09:28, 1 April 2024
José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 5 September 1891 |
| Died | 24 May 1975 (aged 83) |
| Nationality | Uruguayan |
José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín (5 September 1891 – 24 May 1975) was a Uruguayan sculptor and painter.[1] One of the pivotal sculptors from Uruguay, his most significant impact was through the monuments he created in the capital city of Montevideo. His style displayed elements of aesthetic baroque incorporated with modern sculpture.
Biography[edit]
Early life[edit]
Born in Madrid in 1891, he was the son of the writer Juan Zorrilla de San Martín, who served in the court of Alfonso XIII as Ambassador of Uruguay.[2] For three years he moved to Paris, where he met Carlos Federico Sáez and would prove a strong influence in his interest and artistic style later.
He settled in Montevideo in 1898. His first oil painting portraits dating from 1906 show a great influence from Sáez. He studied at the Círculo de Bellas Artes with painter Vicente Puig, and later received lessons from the sculptor Philip Menini (1909). Between 1911 and 1914, his work was first exhibited.
Life in Europe[edit]
.jpg)
After receiving a scholarship from the Uruguayan government in 1914 to study in Munich, he had to stay in Florence due to the outbreak of World War I.[2] He returned to Uruguay the following year and entered the Legislative Palace as an assistant sculptor.
He won the International Competition to erect the monument Andalusia Gaucho (1922) and already married to Guma Muñoz del Campo, moved with their two daughters (Inés and Concepción) to Paris soon after, where he set up a workshop and studied under the sculptor Antoine Bourdelle.
The monument should be based in Brussels, as the best casting workshop of the French capital was occupied in the works of Antoine Bourdelle, who later would be linked as a disciple and friend. That same year, he made "Old vizcacha" and the statue of José Gervasio Artigas in Asunción, Paraguay.
From that time is "Saint Joseph and Child", aimed at a church in the island of Saint Louis. Parallel attended workshops Maillol, Despiau and Drivier. He unveiled the Fountain of the Athletes in 1925 at the Salon d'Automne, which received the silver medal; the work is now located in Rodó Park, Montevideo.
Return to Uruguay[edit]
In 1925 he returned to Uruguay and the following year the monument was inaugurated. Work of years: a monument to the Battle of Sarandi (1930), decoration of the chapel of the Prison for Women (1930), equestrian statue of the Grito de Asencio (1936) and the Obelisk of Montevideo (Obelisco a los Constituyentes de 1830) (1936, sparkling granite 41 meters high with three allegorical bronze installed in the Parque José Batlle y Ordóñez de Montevideo).
He won the international competition for the equestrian monument to Argentine General Julio Roca (1937) and opened a workshop in Buenos Aires for its completion.
That year the Bishop of recumbent monuments Mariano Soler, First Archbishop of Montevideo, located in the Cathedral of that city.[2] He was invited to attend the Paris Exposition of 1937 and declared a "guest of honor." He was, in turn, invited in 1940 to travel to the United States by President Franklin D. Roosevelt.
Between 1940 and 1961, Zorrilla was the Director of the National Museum of Visual Arts in Montevideo. He created a monument to Artigas in 1947 to be placed in the Banco de la República Oriental del Uruguay (unveiled in 1949). The Monument to Artigas, commissioned by the government of Argentina, was made in 1960, but its unveiling in Recoleta, Buenos Aires, was delayed until 1971.
He completed a monument to Artigas in Rome, and following its unveiling in 1966, was awarded the title of Commendatore by the government of Italy. Another statue, El Viejo Pancho, located in the Plaza de la Libertad de Montevideo street, dates from 1969.
Following lengthy proceedings, on 24 September 1997, the Uruguayan Ambassador Julio Pombo and New York City Mayor Rudolph Giuliani unveiled a monument to General Artigas, located in SoHo, Manhattan, between Avenue of the Americas and Spring Street. Among the personalities that attended this inauguration, the Uruguayan ambassador, Foreign Affairs minister Álvaro Ramos; the President of the Inter-American Development Bank, Enrique V. Iglesias; and NY City Parks Department Director, Henry Stern. His workshop in Punta Carretas is a museum next to the Museo Zorrilla.
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Death[edit]
Zorrilla died in Montevideo at 84 years of age.[citation needed]
References[edit]
- ^ Alvarez Montero, Miguel (2001). "José Luis Zorrilla de San Martín : su obra y su taller". www.worldcat.org. OCLC 47870653. Retrieved 2022-11-26.
- ^ a b c Bethell, Leslie (1998-08-13). A Cultural History of Latin America: Literature, Music and the Visual Arts in the 19th and 20th Centuries. Cambridge University Press. p. 444. ISBN 978-0-521-62626-2.
External links[edit]
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