Phú Yên province: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 13°10′N 109°10′E / 13.167°N 109.167°E / 13.167; 109.167
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{{for|the district in Sơn La Province|Phù Yên District}}
{{Short description|Province of Vietnam}}
{{short description|Province of Vietnam}}
{{For|the district in Sơn La Province|Phù Yên District}}
{{Infobox settlement
{{Infobox settlement
| name = Phú Yên Province
| name = Phú Yên province
| native_name = Tỉnh Phú Yên
| native_name = Tỉnh Phú Yên
| native_name_lang = vi<!-- ISO 639-2 code: vi for Vietnamese -->
| native_name_lang = vi<!-- ISO 639-2 code: vi for Vietnamese -->
| type = [[Provinces of Vietnam|Province]]
| type = [[Provinces of Vietnam|Province]]
| image_seal = Emblem of PhuYen Province.png
| image_seal = Logo tỉnh Phú Yên.svg
| image_skyline = Một góc TP.Tuy Hòa, Phú Yên1.JPG
| image_skyline = {{Photomontage
| spacing = 1
⚫
| image_caption =
| color_border = white
| color = white
| size = 310
| photo1a = Mui Dien.jpg
| photo1b = Beach in Tuy Hoa 3.jpg
| photo2a = Núi Nhạn sông Đà Rằng 2.JPG
| photo2b = Mui Dai Lanh PhuYen.jpg
| photo3a = Núi Đá Bia, phía nam Phú Yên.JPG
| photo3b = Ganh Da Dia in 2008.jpg
| photo4a = DSC05882.JPG
| photo4b = Phu Hoa District 093.JPG
| photo5a = Sanhohonyenphuyen.jpg
| photo5b = Biển Long Thủy - Tuy Hòa - 2009.jpg
| photo6a = Vịnh Vũng Rô.jpg
| photo6b = Day1 213.jpg
| photo7a = Ganhdadia1.jpg
| photo7b = Muidienvaobinhminh.jpg
| photo8a = Vũng Rô 1.jpg
| photo8b = Ghenh Da Dia 04.jpg
| photo9a = Tháp Nhạn, Tuy Hòa, Phú Yên.JPG
| photo9b = Nuinhan.jpg
}}
| image_caption = Điện Beach {{•}} Tuy Hòa Beach {{•}} Đà Rằng River {{•}} Dài Beach {{•}} Đá Bia Mountain {{•}} Đá Dĩa Beach {{•}} Đá Hòa Thắng Mountain {{•}} Coral Phú Yên {{•}} Long Thủy Beach {{•}} [[Vũng Rô Bay]] {{•}} [[Ganh Da Dia]] {{•}} Nhạn Tower
| image_map = Phu Yen in Vietnam.svg
| image_map = Phu Yen in Vietnam.svg
| map_caption = Location of Phú Yên within Vietnam
| map_caption = Location of Phú Yên within Vietnam
| image_map1 = {{Infobox mapframe|zoom=8|frame-width=280}}
| coordinates = {{coord|13|10|N|109|10|E|region:VN_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}}
| coordinates = {{coord|13|10|N|109|10|E|region:VN_type:adm1st|display=inline,title}}
| subdivision_type = Country
| subdivision_type = Country
Line 20: Line 44:
| leader_party =
| leader_party =
| leader_title = [[Provinces of Vietnam#People's Council|People's Council]] Chair
| leader_title = [[Provinces of Vietnam#People's Council|People's Council]] Chair
| leader_name =
| leader_name = Trần Hữu Thế
| leader_title1 = [[Provinces of Vietnam#People's Committee|People's Committee]] Chair
| leader_title1 = [[Provinces of Vietnam#People's Committee|People's Committee]] Chair
| leader_name1 = Cao Thị Hòa An
| area_total_km2 = 5045.3
| area_footnotes = <ref name="area_2022">{{Cite act|date=18 October 2023|type=Decision|index=3048/QĐ-BTNMT|legislature=[[Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam)]]|title=Biểu số 4.3: Hiện trạng sử dụng đất vùng Bắc Trung Bộ và Duyên hải miền Trung năm 2022|trans-title=Table 4.3: Current land use status in the North Central and South Central Coast regions in 2022|language=vi|url=https://monre.gov.vn/VanBan/Lists/VanBanChiDao/Attachments/3012/b4.3_Signed.pdf}} – the data in the report are in hectares, rounded to integers</ref>
⚫
| area_total_km2 = 5025.96
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_footnotes =
| elevation_m =
| elevation_m =
| population_footnotes =
| population_footnotes =
| population_total = 961,152
| population_total = 1,076,600
| population_as_of = 2019
| population_as_of = 2022
| population_density_km2 = auto
| population_density_km2 = auto
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics_type1 = Demographics
| demographics1_title1 = [[List of ethnic groups in Vietnam|Ethnicities]]
| demographics1_title1 = [[List of ethnic groups in Vietnam|Ethnicities]]
| demographics1_info1 = [[Vietnamese people|Vietnamese]], [[Cham people|Chăm]], [[E De people|Ê Đê]], [[Bahnar people|Ba Na]]
| demographics1_info1 = [[Vietnamese people|Vietnamese]], [[Cham people|Chăm]], [[E De people|Ê Đê]], [[Bahnar people|Ba Na]]
| demographics_type2 = GDP<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.mpi.gov.vn/Pages/tinbai.aspx?idTin=42084&idcm=224|title=Tình hình kinh tế, xã hội Phú Yên năm 2018|website=Bộ Kế hoạch và Đầu tư|access-date=10 May 2020}}</ref>
| demographics2_title1 = Total
| demographics2_info1 = [[VND]] 36.352 trillion<br/>[[US$]] 1.579 billion
| timezone1 = ICT
| timezone1 = ICT
| utc_offset1 = +7
| utc_offset1 = +7
Line 41: Line 70:
}}
}}


'''Phú Yên''' ({{audio|Phu Yen.ogg|listen|help=no}}) is a coastal [[Provinces of Vietnam|province]] in the [[South Central Coast]] of [[Vietnam]]. It is the easternmost province of Vietnam's mainland.
'''Phú Yên''' ({{IPA-vi|fu˧˦ ʔiən˧˧|lang|Phu Yen.ogg|listen|help=no}}) is a central coastal [[Provinces of Vietnam|province]] in the [[South Central Coast]] region, in [[Central Vietnam]]. It borders [[Bình Định]] to the north, [[Khánh Hòa province|Khánh Hòa]] to the south, [[Gia Lai]] to the northwest, [[Đắk Lắk]] to the southwest and the [[South China Sea|East Sea]] to the east.


==History==
== History ==
Prior to the 15th century, Phú Yên belonged to the [[Kingdom of Champa]].
Phú Yên formerly belonged to [[Champa]] territory as '''Ayaru,''' a part of Kauthara polity.

In 1611, [[Nguyễn Hoàng|Nguyen Hoang]] sent his general [[Van Phong]] to attack Ayaru. [[Champa]] failed and Nguyen Hoang annexed Ayaru into [[Đàng Trong|Dang Trong]] and he named it ''Phú Yên'', which means a prosperous and peaceful land.


==Geography==
==Geography==
Phú Yên borders [[Bình Định Province]] to the north, [[Khánh Hòa Province]] to the south. Phú Yên is separated from these provinces by two passes: Cù Mông pass in the north and Cả pass in the south.
Phú Yên province contains two passes: [[Cù Mông Pass|Cù Mông pass]] in the north and [[Cả Pass|Cả pass]] in the south.


The province's topography consists of hilly regions in the west (70%) and the fertile plain of Tuy Hòa in the east. Lowlands also extend west along [[Đà Rằng River]].<ref name=Atlat>''Atlat Dia li Viet Nam'' (Geographical Atlas of Vietnam). NXB Giao Duc, Hanoi: 2010</ref> The highest peaks are at 1592m on the border to [[Khánh Hòa Province]] in the south and at 1331m in the northwest ([[Đồng Xuân District]]).<ref name="atlas10">Viet Nam Administrative Atlas. Cartographic Publishing House, Hanoi 2010</ref> There are several hills near the coast, including Mo Cheo (Núi Mô Cheo, 814m) in [[Sông Cầu]] and Da Bia (Núi Đá Bia, 706m) near [[Dai Lanh]] in [[Đông Hòa District]].<ref name="atlas10"/>
The province's topography consists of hilly regions in the west (70%) and the fertile plain of Tuy Hòa in the east. Lowlands also extend west along [[Đà Rằng River]].<ref name=Atlat> ''Atlat Dia li Viet Nam'' (Geographical Atlas of Vietnam). NXB Giao Duc, Hanoi: 2010</ref> The highest peaks are at 1,592 m on the border of [[Khánh Hòa province]] in the south and at 1,331 m in the northwest ([[Đồng Xuân District]]).<ref name="atlas10">Viet Nam Administrative Atlas. Cartographic Publishing House, Hanoi 2010</ref> There are several hills near the coast, including Mô Cheo (Núi Mô Cheo, 814 m) in [[Sông Cầu]] and Đá Bia (Núi Đá Bia, 706 m) near [[Đại Lãnh]] in [[Đông Hòa District]].<ref name="atlas10"/>


The main rivers that flow across Phú Yên are [[Đà Rằng River]] (the largest river in Central Vietnam), [[Ban Thach River]] and [[Ky Lo River]]. Song Hinh Lake, a large artificial lake, is located in the southwest of the province.<ref name=Atlat/>
The main rivers that flow across Phú Yên are the [[Đà Rằng River]] (the largest river in Central Vietnam), [[Bàn Thạch River]] and [[Kỳ Lộ River]]. Sông Hinh Lake, a large artificial lake, is located in the southwest of the province.<ref name=Atlat/>


Phú Yên has various picturesque landscapes, such as the Ô Loan Lagoon, Sông Cầu coconut ranges, Đá Bia and Nhạn mountains, Rô Bay, Xep Beach and Long Thủy beach.
Phú Yên has various picturesque landscapes, such as the Ô Loan Lagoon, Sông Cầu coconut ranges, Đá Bia and Nhạn mountains, Rô Bay, Xep Beach, and Long Thủy Beach.


The beautiful nature of Phu Yen has been used for the movie [[Yellow Flowers on the Green Grass]], which is adapted from same novel by [[Nguyễn Nhật Ánh]].
The beautiful nature of Phú Yên has been used for the movie ''[[Yellow Flowers on the Green Grass]]'', which is adapted from the same novel by [[Nguyễn Nhật Ánh]].


==Administrative divisions==
==Administrative divisions==
[[File:Province de Phu-Yen (1909).jpg|thumb|left|Map of Phu Yen province in 1909]]
[[File:Bản vẽ thành Phú Yên (thành An Thổ).jpg|thumb|Drawing of Phú Yên citadel in the Nguyễn dynasty]]
Phú Yên is subdivided into nine district-level sub-divisions:
Phú Yên is subdivided into nine district-level sub-divisions:


* 6 districts:
* 6 districts:
{{div col}}
{{div col}}
** [[Đồng Xuân District|Đồng Xuân]]
:* [[Đồng Xuân District|Đồng Xuân]]
** [[Phú Hòa District|Phú Hòa]]
:* [[Phú Hòa District|Phú Hòa]]
** [[Sơn Hòa District|Sơn Hòa]]
:* [[Sơn Hòa District|Sơn Hòa]]
** [[Sông Hinh District|Sông Hinh]]
:* [[Sông Hinh District|Sông Hinh]]
** [[Tây Hòa District|Tây Hòa]]
:* [[Tây Hòa District|Tây Hòa]]
** [[Tuy An District|Tuy An]]
:* [[Tuy An District|Tuy An]]
{{div col end}}
{{div col end}}
* 2 district-level towns:
* 2 district-level towns:
Line 78: Line 111:


==Demography==
==Demography==
As of 2007 Phú Yên has a population of 880,700. It has a relatively small urban population (178,600), making up 20% of the province's population. With 174 people per square kilometer, it is also one of the least densely populated province of the South Central Coast.<ref name="GSO09"/> Population density is relatively high (exceeding 500/km2) along the lower [[Đà Rằng River]], but is lower than 50/km2 in much of the western part of the province.<ref name=Atlat/> Average yearly population growth between 2000 and 2007 has been 1.3%, close to the regional average.<ref name="GSO09calc"/> Urban population growth has been faster with 2.2% per year on average.<ref name="GSO09calc"/>
As of 2007 Phú Yên has a population of 880,700. It has a relatively small urban population (178,600), making up 20% of the province's population. With 174 people per square kilometer, it is also one of the least densely populated provinces of the South Central Coast.<ref name="GSO09"/> Population density is relatively high (exceeding 500/km<sup>2</sup>) along the lower [[Đà Rằng River]], but is lower than 50/km<sup>2</sup> in much of the western part of the province.<ref name=Atlat/> Average yearly population growth between 2000 and 2007 has been 1.3%, close to the regional average.<ref name="GSO09calc"/> Urban population growth has been faster with 2.2% per year on average.<ref name="GSO09calc"/>


The vast majority of the population is ethnic [[Kinh]]. There are also minorities of [[Cham people|Cham]], [[E De people|E De]], and [[Ba Na people]]. Significant minorities of Cham live in [[Đồng Xuân District]] and [[Sơn Hòa District]] and [[E De people]] in [[Sông Hinh District]] and Sơn Hòa District.<ref name=minority>General Statistics Office (1996): Population Data of Sparsely Populated Areas in Vietnam. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi</ref> Much smaller communities of Ba Na people also live in these three districts.<ref name=minority/>
The vast majority of the population is ethnic [[Kinh]]. There are also minorities of [[Cham people|Cham]], [[E De people|E De]], and [[Ba Na people|Ba Na]] people. Significant minorities of Cham live in [[Đồng Xuân District]] and [[Sơn Hòa District]] and [[E De people]] in [[Sông Hinh District]] and Sơn Hòa District.<ref name=minority>General Statistics Office (1996): Population Data of Sparsely Populated Areas in Vietnam. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi</ref> Much smaller communities of Ba Na people also live in these three districts.<ref name=minority/>


==Economy==
==Economy==
With a GDP per capita of 8.43 million [[VND]]<ref name=GSO09calc>calculations based on General Statistics Office (2009): ''Socio-economical Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities''. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi</ref> in 2007 and a relatively small industrial sector Phú Yên is one of the less developed province of the [[South Central Coast]].
With a [[Gross domestic product|GDP]] per capita of 8.43 million [[VND]]<ref name=GSO09calc>calculations based on General Statistics Office (2009): ''Socio-economical Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities''. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi</ref> in 2007 and a relatively small industrial sector, Phú Yên is one of the less developed provinces of the [[South Central Coast]].


Phú Yên has had a trade deficit. In 2007, it exported goods worth 72.7 million US$ while importing goods worth 116.25 million, mainly fuel, raw materials, machinery, and medical goods.<ref name="GSO09">General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economic Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities, Vietnam. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi</ref>
Phú Yên has had a trade deficit. In 2007, it exported goods worth US$72.7 million while importing goods worth US$116.25 million, mainly fuel, raw materials, machinery, and medical goods.<ref name="GSO09">General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economic Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities, Vietnam. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi</ref>


Total employment was at 482,800 in 2007. The vast majority (361,400) are still employed in agriculture, forestry, and fishing. 45,600 people were employed in industry and construction and 75,800 in the service sector. Both industry and service have showed little employment growth between 2005 and 2007. Service employment has actually declined significantly since 2000.<ref name=GSO09/>
Total employment was at 482,800 in 2007. The vast majority (361,400) are still employed in agriculture, forestry, and fishing. 45,600 people were employed in industry and construction and 75,800 in the service sector. Both industry and service have shown little employment growth between 2005 and 2007. Service employment has actually declined significantly since 2000.<ref name=GSO09/>


===Agriculture, forestry, fishing===
===Agriculture, forestry and fishing===
The main agricultural regions of the province are the plains around [[Tuy Hòa]] and the lowlands along [[Đà Rằng River]].<ref name=Atlat/> In 2007 the rice harvest was 321,800t.<ref name="GSO09"/> It is the South Central Coast's largest producer of sugar-cane with a harvest of 1.051 million tonnes (6% of Vietnam's total harvest). Cultivation of cotton and tobacco is also significant, with 800t (5% of the national total) and 700t (2.2%) respectively.<ref name=GSO09calc/> Other crops include peanuts, cashew nuts, pepper, and coffee.<ref name=GSO09/>
The main agricultural regions of the province are the plains around [[Tuy Hòa]] and the lowlands along the [[Đà Rằng River]].<ref name=Atlat/> In 2007 the rice harvest was 321,800 t.<ref name="GSO09"/> It is the South Central Coast's largest producer of sugar-cane with a harvest of 1.051 million t (6% of Vietnam's total harvest). Cultivation of cotton and tobacco is also significant, with 800 t (5% of the national total) and 700 t (2.2%) respectively.<ref name=GSO09calc/> Other crops include peanuts, cashew nuts, pepper, and coffee.<ref name=GSO09/>


Phú Yên has a relatively large fishing sector. Its [[gross output]] is the third largest in the South Central Coast after [[Khánh Hòa Province]] and [[Bình Định Province]].<ref name=GSO09/> Aquaculture, mostly shrimp farms, made up around one third of the fishing output, while using 2300ha.<ref name=GSO09/>
Phú Yên has a relatively large fishing sector. Its [[gross output]] is the third largest in the South Central Coast after [[Khánh Hòa province]] and [[Bình Định province]].<ref name=GSO09/> Aquaculture, mostly shrimp farms, make up around one third of the fishing output, while using 2300 ha.<ref name=GSO09/>


===Industry===
===Industry===
Phú Yên is one of the less industrialized provinces of the South Central Coast. Its industrial production is mostly based on the processing of local primary products, such as fish, shrimp, cashew nuts, sugar. The province also produces mineral water, beer, garments, and cement.<ref name=GSO09/> Industrial parks are located in the north of [[Tuy Hòa]] and [[Sông Cầu]], near [[Qui Nhơn]].<ref name=Atlat/>
Phú Yên is one of the less industrialized provinces of the South Central Coast. Its industrial production is mostly based on the processing of local primary products such as fish, shrimp, cashew nuts and sugar. The province also produces mineral water, beer, garments, and cement.<ref name=GSO09/> Industrial parks are located in the north of [[Tuy Hòa]] and [[Sông Cầu]], near [[Qui Nhơn]].<ref name=Atlat/>


The province is zoning and developing a large economic zone, namely the [[Nam Phú Yên Economic Zone]] in the southern [[Đông Hòa District]].<ref name=Atlat/> Upon completion, it will become an oil-refining hub in Vietnam and potentially provide high profits for the province.{{citation needed|date=November 2010}}
The province is zoning and developing a large economic zone, namely the [[Nam Phú Yên Economic Zone]] in southern [[Đông Hòa District]].<ref name=Atlat/> Upon completion, it will become an oil-refining hub in Vietnam and potentially provide high profits for the province.{{citation needed|date=November 2010}}


==Infrastructure==
==Infrastructure==

===Transport===
===Transport===
[[National Route 1A (Vietnam)|National Route 1A]] as well as the [[North–South Railway (Vietnam)|North–South Railway]] run through the province. Phú Yên's main railway station is [[Tuy Hòa Railway Station]]. Smaller railway stations are located in [[Đồng Xuân District]] and [[Tuy An District]] north of [[Tuy Hòa]].<ref name="atlas10"/> National Road 25 connects Tuy Hòa to [[Chư Sê]] in [[Gia Lai Province]], mostly along the [[Đà Rằng River]].<ref name="Road Atlas 2004">''Vietnam Road Atlas'' (Tập Bản đồ Giao thông Đường bộ Việt Nam). Cartographic Publishing House (Vietnam), 2004</ref>
[[National Route 1 (Vietnam)|National Route 1]] as well as the [[North–South Railway (Vietnam)|North–South Railway]] run through the province. Phú Yên's main railway station is [[Tuy Hòa Railway Station]]. Smaller railway stations are located in [[Đồng Xuân District]] and [[Tuy An District]] north of [[Tuy Hòa]].<ref name="atlas10"/> National Road 25 connects Tuy Hòa to [[Chư Sê]] in [[Gia Lai province]], mostly along the [[Đà Rằng River]].<ref name="Road Atlas 2004">''Vietnam Road Atlas'' (Tập Bản đồ Giao thông Đường bộ Việt Nam). Cartographic Publishing House (Vietnam), 2004</ref>


[[Dong Tac Airport]], a small domestic airport, is located south of [[Tuy Hòa]].
[[Đông Tác Airport]], a small domestic airport, is located south of [[Tuy Hòa]].


The province has a port around 28&nbsp;km south of Tuy Hòa, namely [[Vũng Rô Port]] ({{lang-vi|Cảng Vũng Rô}}).<ref name="Road Atlas 2004"/>
The province has a port around 28&nbsp;km south of Tuy Hòa, namely [[Vũng Rô Port]] ({{lang-vi|Cảng Vũng Rô}}).<ref name="Road Atlas 2004"/>


===Energy===
===Energy===
A hydropower plant is located in [[Sông Hinh District]] in the southwest of Phú Yên.<ref name=Atlat/> It is built on [[Hinh River]], a major tributary of [[Đà Rằng River]] and created a lake of the same name (Sông Hinh Lake, meaning River Hinh Lake). Phú Yên produced 379.9 million kwh of electricity in 2007.<ref name="GSO09"/>
A hydropower plant is located in [[Sông Hinh District]] in the southwest of Phú Yên.<ref name=Atlat/> It is built on the [[Hinh River]], a major tributary of the [[Đà Rằng River]] and which created a lake of the same name (Sông Hinh Lake, meaning River Hinh Lake). Phú Yên produced 379.9 million kWh of electricity in 2007.<ref name="GSO09"/>


==References==
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


==External links==
==External links==
* [http://www.phuyen.gov.vn/wps/portal/english Official website] of the Phú Yên Province People's Committee
* [http://www.phuyen.gov.vn/wps/portal/english Official website] of the Phú Yên province People's Committee
{{Commons cat|Phu Yen}}
{{Commons category|Phu Yen}}


{{Geographic location
{{Geographic location
|Centre = Phú Yên Province
|Centre = Phú Yên province
|North = [[Bình Định Province]]
|North = [[Bình Định province]]
|Northeast =
|Northeast =
|East = ''[[South China Sea|East Sea]]''
|East = ''[[South China Sea|East Sea]]''
|Southeast = ''[[South China Sea|East Sea]]''
|Southeast = ''[[South China Sea|East Sea]]''
|South = [[Khánh Hòa Province]]
|South = [[Khánh Hòa province]]
|Southwest = [[Đắk Lắk Province]]
|Southwest = [[Đắk Lắk province]]
|West = [[Gia Lai Province]]
|West = [[Gia Lai province]]
|Northwest =
|Northwest =
}}
}}


{{Subdivisions of Vietnam}}
{{Subdivisions of Vietnam}}
{{Authority control}}


{{DEFAULTSORT:Phu Yen Province}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Phu Yen Province}}
[[Category:Phú Yên Province| ]]
[[Category:Phú Yên province| ]]
[[Category:Provinces of Vietnam]]

Latest revision as of 14:18, 11 May 2024

For the district in Sơn La Province, see Phù Yên District.
Phú Yên province
Tỉnh Phú Yên
Province
Điện Beach  • Tuy Hòa Beach  • Đà Rằng River  • Dài Beach  • Đá Bia Mountain  • Đá Dĩa Beach  • Đá Hòa Thắng Mountain  • Coral Phú Yên  • Long Thủy Beach  • Vũng Rô Bay  • Ganh Da Dia  • Nhạn Tower
Official seal of Phú Yên province
Seal
Location of Phú Yên within Vietnam
Location of Phú Yên within Vietnam
Map
Coordinates: 13°10′N 109°10′E / 13.167°N 109.167°E / 13.167; 109.167
Country Vietnam
RegionSouth Central Coast
CapitalTuy Hòa
Government
 • People's Council ChairTrần Hữu Thế
 • People's Committee ChairCao Thị Hòa An
Area
[1]
 • Total5,025.96 km2 (1,940.53 sq mi)
Population
 (2022)
 • Total1,076,600
 • Density210/km2 (550/sq mi)
Demographics
 • EthnicitiesVietnamese, Chăm, Ê Đê, Ba Na
GDP[2]
 • TotalVND 36.352 trillion
US$ 1.579 billion
Time zoneUTC+7 (ICT)
Calling code57
ISO 3166 codeVN-32
Websitewww.phuyen.gov.vn

Phú Yên (Vietnamese: [fu˧˦ ʔiən˧˧] ⓘ) is a central coastal province in the South Central Coast region, in Central Vietnam. It borders Bình Định to the north, Khánh Hòa to the south, Gia Lai to the northwest, Đắk Lắk to the southwest and the East Sea to the east.

History[edit]

Phú Yên formerly belonged to Champa territory as Ayaru, a part of Kauthara polity.

In 1611, Nguyen Hoang sent his general Van Phong to attack Ayaru. Champa failed and Nguyen Hoang annexed Ayaru into Dang Trong and he named it Phú Yên, which means a prosperous and peaceful land.

Geography[edit]

Phú Yên province contains two passes: Cù Mông pass in the north and Cả pass in the south.

The province's topography consists of hilly regions in the west (70%) and the fertile plain of Tuy Hòa in the east. Lowlands also extend west along Đà Rằng River.[3] The highest peaks are at 1,592 m on the border of Khánh Hòa province in the south and at 1,331 m in the northwest (Đồng Xuân District).[4] There are several hills near the coast, including Mô Cheo (Núi Mô Cheo, 814 m) in Sông Cầu and Đá Bia (Núi Đá Bia, 706 m) near Đại Lãnh in Đông Hòa District.[4]

The main rivers that flow across Phú Yên are the Đà Rằng River (the largest river in Central Vietnam), Bàn Thạch River and Kỳ Lộ River. Sông Hinh Lake, a large artificial lake, is located in the southwest of the province.[3]

Phú Yên has various picturesque landscapes, such as the Ô Loan Lagoon, Sông Cầu coconut ranges, Đá Bia and Nhạn mountains, Rô Bay, Xep Beach, and Long Thủy Beach.

The beautiful nature of Phú Yên has been used for the movie Yellow Flowers on the Green Grass, which is adapted from the same novel by Nguyễn Nhật Ánh.

Administrative divisions[edit]

Map of Phu Yen province in 1909
Drawing of Phú Yên citadel in the Nguyễn dynasty

Phú Yên is subdivided into nine district-level sub-divisions:

  • 6 districts:

They are further subdivided into eight commune-level towns (or townlets), 88 communes, and 16 wards.

Demography[edit]

As of 2007 Phú Yên has a population of 880,700. It has a relatively small urban population (178,600), making up 20% of the province's population. With 174 people per square kilometer, it is also one of the least densely populated provinces of the South Central Coast.[5] Population density is relatively high (exceeding 500/km2) along the lower Đà Rằng River, but is lower than 50/km2 in much of the western part of the province.[3] Average yearly population growth between 2000 and 2007 has been 1.3%, close to the regional average.[6] Urban population growth has been faster with 2.2% per year on average.[6]

The vast majority of the population is ethnic Kinh. There are also minorities of Cham, E De, and Ba Na people. Significant minorities of Cham live in Đồng Xuân District and Sơn Hòa District and E De people in Sông Hinh District and Sơn Hòa District.[7] Much smaller communities of Ba Na people also live in these three districts.[7]

Economy[edit]

With a GDP per capita of 8.43 million VND[6] in 2007 and a relatively small industrial sector, Phú Yên is one of the less developed provinces of the South Central Coast.

Phú Yên has had a trade deficit. In 2007, it exported goods worth US$72.7 million while importing goods worth US$116.25 million, mainly fuel, raw materials, machinery, and medical goods.[5]

Total employment was at 482,800 in 2007. The vast majority (361,400) are still employed in agriculture, forestry, and fishing. 45,600 people were employed in industry and construction and 75,800 in the service sector. Both industry and service have shown little employment growth between 2005 and 2007. Service employment has actually declined significantly since 2000.[5]

Agriculture, forestry and fishing[edit]

The main agricultural regions of the province are the plains around Tuy Hòa and the lowlands along the Đà Rằng River.[3] In 2007 the rice harvest was 321,800 t.[5] It is the South Central Coast's largest producer of sugar-cane with a harvest of 1.051 million t (6% of Vietnam's total harvest). Cultivation of cotton and tobacco is also significant, with 800 t (5% of the national total) and 700 t (2.2%) respectively.[6] Other crops include peanuts, cashew nuts, pepper, and coffee.[5]

Phú Yên has a relatively large fishing sector. Its gross output is the third largest in the South Central Coast after Khánh Hòa province and Bình Định province.[5] Aquaculture, mostly shrimp farms, make up around one third of the fishing output, while using 2300 ha.[5]

Industry[edit]

Phú Yên is one of the less industrialized provinces of the South Central Coast. Its industrial production is mostly based on the processing of local primary products such as fish, shrimp, cashew nuts and sugar. The province also produces mineral water, beer, garments, and cement.[5] Industrial parks are located in the north of Tuy Hòa and Sông Cầu, near Qui Nhơn.[3]

The province is zoning and developing a large economic zone, namely the Nam Phú Yên Economic Zone in southern Đông Hòa District.[3] Upon completion, it will become an oil-refining hub in Vietnam and potentially provide high profits for the province.[citation needed]

Infrastructure[edit]

Transport[edit]

National Route 1 as well as the North–South Railway run through the province. Phú Yên's main railway station is Tuy Hòa Railway Station. Smaller railway stations are located in Đồng Xuân District and Tuy An District north of Tuy Hòa.[4] National Road 25 connects Tuy Hòa to Chư Sê in Gia Lai province, mostly along the Đà Rằng River.[8]

Đông Tác Airport, a small domestic airport, is located south of Tuy Hòa.

The province has a port around 28 km south of Tuy Hòa, namely Vũng Rô Port (Vietnamese: Cảng Vũng Rô).[8]

Energy[edit]

A hydropower plant is located in Sông Hinh District in the southwest of Phú Yên.[3] It is built on the Hinh River, a major tributary of the Đà Rằng River and which created a lake of the same name (Sông Hinh Lake, meaning River Hinh Lake). Phú Yên produced 379.9 million kWh of electricity in 2007.[5]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Biểu số 4.3: Hiện trạng sử dụng đất vùng Bắc Trung Bộ và Duyên hải miền Trung năm 2022 [Table 4.3: Current land use status in the North Central and South Central Coast regions in 2022] (PDF) (Decision 3048/QĐ-BTNMT) (in Vietnamese). Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment (Vietnam). 18 October 2023. – the data in the report are in hectares, rounded to integers
  2. ^ "Tình hình kinh tế, xã hội Phú Yên năm 2018". Bộ Kế hoạch và Đầu tư. Retrieved 10 May 2020.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g Atlat Dia li Viet Nam (Geographical Atlas of Vietnam). NXB Giao Duc, Hanoi: 2010
  4. ^ a b c Viet Nam Administrative Atlas. Cartographic Publishing House, Hanoi 2010
  5. ^ a b c d e f g h i General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economic Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities, Vietnam. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
  6. ^ a b c d calculations based on General Statistics Office (2009): Socio-economical Statistical Data of 63 Provinces and Cities. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
  7. ^ a b General Statistics Office (1996): Population Data of Sparsely Populated Areas in Vietnam. Statistical Publishing House, Hanoi
  8. ^ a b Vietnam Road Atlas (Tập Bản đồ Giao thông Đường bộ Việt Nam). Cartographic Publishing House (Vietnam), 2004

External links[edit]

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