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{{Short description|Typographical symbol (®)}}
{{Short description|Typographical symbol (®)}}
⚫
{{Other uses|Trademark (disambiguation)}}
{{redirect|Registered trademark|the topic of service marques registered legally|Trademark}}
{{distinguish|text=the character Ⓡ (see [[Enclosed Alphanumerics]]) or {{char|™}} (the [[Trademark symbol]]) or {{char|©}} (the [[Copyright symbol]]) or {{char|℠}} (the [[Service mark symbol]]) }}
{{distinguish|text=the character Ⓡ (see [[Enclosed Alphanumerics]]) or {{char|™}} (the [[Trademark symbol]]) or {{char|©}} (the [[Copyright symbol]]) or {{char|℠}} (the [[Service mark symbol]]) }}
⚫
{{other uses|Trademark (disambiguation)}}


{{Infobox symbol
{{Infobox symbol
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|unicode= {{unichar|00AE|Registered sign|html=}}
|unicode= {{unichar|00AE|Registered sign|html=}}
|different from = {{unichar|24C7|Circled latin capital letter R| nlink=Enclosed Alphanumerics}}
|different from = {{unichar|24C7|Circled latin capital letter R| nlink=Enclosed Alphanumerics}}
|see also = {{unichar|2122|trade mark sign|nlink=Trademark symbol}}<br />{{unichar|2120|Service mark|nlink=}}
|see also = {{unichar|2122|trade mark sign|nlink=Trademark symbol}}<br />{{unichar|2120|Service mark|nlink=Service mark}}
}}
}}


The '''registered trademark symbol''', '''{{char|®}}''', is a [[typographic symbol]] that provides notice that the preceding word or symbol is a [[trademark]] or [[service mark]] that has been registered with a national trademark office. A trademark is a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company or product.<ref name=ukipo>For example, {{cite web| url= https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/intellectual-property-office | title= Intellectual property office | publisher = [[Government of the United Kingdom]] | access-date= 5 June 2020}}</ref><ref name="Sec 29">{{cite web|title=15 U.S.C. 1111|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1111|access-date=15 December 2005}}</ref> In some countries it is against the law to use the registered trademark symbol for a mark that is not officially registered in any country.<ref>{{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/protecting-your-uk-intellectual-property-abroad/protecting-your-trade-mark-abroad | title= Protecting your trade mark abroad | date = 18 November 2019 | access-date= 6 June 2020 |publisher = Government of the United Kingdom}}</ref>
The '''registered trademark symbol''', '''{{char|®}}''', is a [[typographic symbol]] that provides notice that the preceding word or symbol is a [[trademark]] or [[service mark]] that has been registered with a national trademark office. A trademark is a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company, product or service.<ref name=ukipo>For example, {{cite web| url= https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/intellectual-property-office | title= Intellectual property office | publisher = [[Government of the United Kingdom]] | access-date= 5 June 2020}}</ref><ref name="Sec 29">{{cite web|title=15 U.S.C. 1111|url=https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/15/1111|access-date=15 December 2005}}</ref>


Unregistered trademarks can instead be marked with the [[trademark symbol]], {{char|™}}, while unregistered service marks are marked with the [[service mark symbol]], {{char|℠}}. The proper manner to display these symbols is immediately following the mark; the symbol is commonly in [[superscript]] style, but that is not legally required. In many jurisdictions, only registered trademarks confer easily defended legal rights.<ref>for example {{cite web|url=https://www.gov.uk/how-to-register-a-trade-mark/unregistered-trade-marks | title= Unregistered trade marks | publisher = [[Government of the United Kingdom]] | access-date= 5 June 2020}}</ref>
Unregistered trademarks can instead be marked with the [[trademark symbol]], {{char|™}}, while unregistered service marks are marked with the [[service mark symbol]], {{char|℠}}. The proper manner to display these symbols is immediately following the mark; the symbol is commonly in [[superscript]] style, but that is not legally required. In many jurisdictions, only registered trademarks confer easily defended legal rights.<ref>For example {{cite web |url=https://www.gov.uk/how-to-register-a-trade-mark/unregistered-trade-marks |title=Unregistered Trade Marks |publisher=[[Government of the United Kingdom]] |access-date=5 June 2020}}</ref>


In the US, the registered trademark symbol was originally introduced in the [[Lanham Act|Trademark Act of 1946]].<ref name="etymonline">[https://www.etymonline.com/word/r The Online Etymology Dictionary]</ref>
In the US, the registered trademark symbol was originally introduced in the [[Lanham Act|Trademark Act of 1946]].{{Citation needed|date=March 2023}}


Because the {{char|®}} symbol is not commonly available on [[typewriter]]s (or [[ASCII]]), it was common to approximate it with the characters '''{{char|(R)}}''' (or '''{{char|(r)}}''').{{efn|for example the [[Python (programming language)|Python programming language]] Trademark Usage Policy advocates this usage.<ref>{{cite web| title= PSF Trademark Usage Policy. |url= https://www.python.org/psf/trademarks/ | quote = The first or most prominent mention of a Python trademark should be immediately followed by a symbol for registered trademark: "®" or "(r)".}}</ref>}}{{efn|Most word processors will [[autocorrect]] these two sequences to a proper {{char|®}} symbol.}} An example of a legal equivalent is the phrase ''Registered, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office'', which may be abbreviated to ''Reg U.S. Pat & TM Off.''<ref>Gregory H. Guillot. A Guide to Proper Trademark Use. 1995–2007. http://www.ggmark.com/guide.html</ref> in the US.<ref name="Sec 29" />
Because the {{char|®}} symbol is not commonly available on [[typewriter]]s (or [[ASCII]]), it was common to approximate it with the characters '''{{char|(R)}}''' (or '''{{char|(r)}}''').{{efn|for example the [[Python (programming language)|Python programming language]] Trademark Usage Policy advocates this usage.<ref>{{cite web| title= PSF Trademark Usage Policy. |url= https://www.python.org/psf/trademarks/ | quote = The first or most prominent mention of a Python trademark should be immediately followed by a symbol for registered trademark: "®" or "(r)".}}</ref>}}{{efn|Most word processors will [[autocorrect]] these two sequences to a proper {{char|®}} symbol.}} An example of a legal equivalent is the phrase ''Registered, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office'', which may be abbreviated to ''Reg U.S. Pat & TM Off.''<ref>Gregory H. Guillot. A Guide to Proper Trademark Use. 1995–2007. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190611101619/http://www.ggmark.com:80/guide.html http://www.ggmark.com/guide.html]</ref> in the US.<ref name="Sec 29" />


==Computer usage==
==Computer usage==
⚫
The registered trademark character was added to several [[extended ASCII]] character sets, including [[ISO-8859-1]] from which it was inherited by [[Unicode]] as {{unichar|00AE|Registered sign}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement {{!}} Range: 0080–00FF |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf |publisher=[[Unicode Consortium]] |date=2016}} </ref>
{{more citations needed section|date=August 2019}}
⚫
The registered trademark character was added to several [[extended ASCII]] character sets, including [[ISO-8859-1]] from which it was inherited by [[Unicode]] as {{unichar|00AE|Registered sign}}.<ref>{{cite web |title=C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement {{!}} Range: 0080–00FF |url=https://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf |publisher=[[Unicode Consortium]] |date=2016}} </ref> This is a different character from {{unichar|24C7|Circled Latin capital letter R|nlink=enclosed R}} as many fonts draw the registered trademark symbol smaller and possibly superscripted.

===Typing the character===
* Canadian Multilingual Standard ([[CSA keyboard]]): {{key press|Right Ctrl|shift|R}}
* [[US international keyboard]] and [[UK extended keyboard]] layouts: {{key press|[[AltGr key|AltGr]]|shift|R}} (subject to OS support).
* [[Microsoft Windows]]: {{key press|[[Alt code|Alt]]|0}}{{keypress|1|7|4|chain=}} (on numeric keypad)
* [[Mac OS]]: {{keypress|[[Option key|Option]]|R}}
* [[Linux]]: {{keypress|[[Compose key|Compose]]|O|R|chain=}}
* Linux and [[Chrome OS]]: {{key press|Ctrl|Shift|U}} then {{Key press|A|E|space|chain=}}
* [[HTML]]: {{code|&reg;}} or {{code|&#174;}}
* [[Emacs]]: {{keypress|C-x|8|R|chain=}}
* [[LaTeX]]: <code>\textregistered</code> in text mode. <code>\circledR</code> in text or math mode (requires amsfonts package)


==Related and similar symbols==
==Related and similar symbols==
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* The [[sound recording copyright symbol]], ℗
* The [[sound recording copyright symbol]], ℗
* The [[Orthodox Union]] [[hechsher]] symbol, <small>Ⓤ</small>
* The [[Orthodox Union]] [[hechsher]] symbol, <small>Ⓤ</small>

==See also==
* [[World Intellectual Property Organization]]


==Notes==
==Notes==
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==External links==
==External links==
{{commons category|R (registered trademark)}}
{{commons category|R (registered trademark)}}
* [http://www.ctan.org/tex-archive/info/symbols/comprehensive/symbols-a4.pdf The Comprehensive LaTeX Symbol List]
* [http://www.uspto.gov/trademarks/index.jsp The U.S. Patent & Trademark Office]


{{LetterR}}
{{LetterR}}

Latest revision as of 21:42, 16 May 2024

For other uses, see Trademark (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with the character Ⓡ (see Enclosed Alphanumerics) or ™ (the Trademark symbol) or © (the Copyright symbol) or ℠ (the Service mark symbol).
®
Registered trademark symbol
In UnicodeU+00AE ® REGISTERED SIGN (&reg;, &REG;, &circledR;)
Different from
Different fromU+24C7 Ⓡ CIRCLED LATIN CAPITAL LETTER R
Related
See alsoU+2122 ™ TRADE MARK SIGN
U+2120 ℠ SERVICE MARK

The registered trademark symbol, ®, is a typographic symbol that provides notice that the preceding word or symbol is a trademark or service mark that has been registered with a national trademark office. A trademark is a symbol, word, or words legally registered or established by use as representing a company, product or service.[1][2]

Unregistered trademarks can instead be marked with the trademark symbol, ™, while unregistered service marks are marked with the service mark symbol, ℠. The proper manner to display these symbols is immediately following the mark; the symbol is commonly in superscript style, but that is not legally required. In many jurisdictions, only registered trademarks confer easily defended legal rights.[3]

In the US, the registered trademark symbol was originally introduced in the Trademark Act of 1946.[citation needed]

Because the ® symbol is not commonly available on typewriters (or ASCII), it was common to approximate it with the characters (R) (or (r)).[a][b] An example of a legal equivalent is the phrase Registered, U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, which may be abbreviated to Reg U.S. Pat & TM Off.[5] in the US.[2]

Computer usage[edit]

The registered trademark character was added to several extended ASCII character sets, including ISO-8859-1 from which it was inherited by Unicode as U+00AE ® REGISTERED SIGN.[6]

Related and similar symbols[edit]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ for example the Python programming language Trademark Usage Policy advocates this usage.[4]
  2. ^ Most word processors will autocorrect these two sequences to a proper ® symbol.

References[edit]

  1. ^ For example, "Intellectual property office". Government of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
  2. ^ a b "15 U.S.C. 1111". Retrieved 15 December 2005.
  3. ^ For example "Unregistered Trade Marks". Government of the United Kingdom. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
  4. ^ "PSF Trademark Usage Policy". The first or most prominent mention of a Python trademark should be immediately followed by a symbol for registered trademark: "®" or "(r)".
  5. ^ Gregory H. Guillot. A Guide to Proper Trademark Use. 1995–2007. http://www.ggmark.com/guide.html
  6. ^ "C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement | Range: 0080–00FF" (PDF). Unicode Consortium. 2016.

External links[edit]

Wikimedia Commons has media related to R (registered trademark).
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