Eh

Eh (pronounced /'eɪ/) is a spoken interjection in English, Italian and Spanish meaning "Huh?", "What?", "Hey", or "Repeat that, please". It is also commonly used as a method for inciting an answer, as in "those trees are red, eh?"

It is an invariant question tag, unlike the "is it?" and "have you?" tags that have, with the insertion of not, different construction in positive and negative questions.

There is some question as to the origin of the term, a popular theory is that the "eh" sound is similar to the "ey" sound that a native French speaker will stereotypically say when pronouncing the word "Hey". Dropped Hs are also common to many British dialects.

In addition, "eh" can also be used as an exclamation: "He's all right, eh!" This has its origins in Scotland, where it can still be heard.

It can also mean "I don't care" or "whatever", when pronounced as it is spelled (not like "ey", but an unstressed "eh").

Unique to Dundee, Scotland (dundonian) "eh" can be substituted for "I", "eye" and "yes"

Use in different countries

Canada

The only usage of eh? that is exclusive to Canada, according to the Canadian Oxford Dictionary, is for "ascertaining the comprehension, continued interest, agreement, etc., of the person or persons addressed" as in, "It's four kilometres away, eh, so I have to go by bike." Similarly, "It's nine-o'clock, eh?" means "You do know that it's nine o'clock? You are aware that it's nine-o'clock?". This phrase can also be taken as a direction question, such as "It's nine-o'clock, right?"

In that case, eh? is used to confirm the attention of the listener and to invite a supportive noise such as "Mm" or "Oh" or "Okay". It essentially is an interjection meaning, "I'm checking to see you're listening so I can continue."

"Eh" can also be added to the end of a declarative sentence to turn it into a question. For example: "The weather is nice." becomes "The weather is nice, eh?" This same phrase could also be taken as "The weather is nice, don't you agree?".

Depending on the speaker's tone or the dialectal standard, eh can also be perceived as rude or impolite, as "Repeat that!", and not a request.

Further examples of Canadian usage include: "I know, eh?" (Agreement), "Yeah, eh?" (Agreement; tone of voice changes meaning slightly). "I know. Eh!" (Pause between 'know' and 'eh' and emphasise 'eh'. This is an excited agreement.) Although technically questions, these are also said as statements.

The usage of "eh" in Canada is often mocked in the United States, where some view its use as a stereotypical Canadianism. Many Canadians dispute its use (for example, singer Don Freed in his song "Saskatchewan" declares "What is this 'Eh?' nonsense? I wouldn't speak like that if I were paid to."). There are many merchandise items on the market today that use this phrase, such as t-shirts and coffee mugs.

It is often joked about by Canadians as well, and is sometimes even a part of the national identity. For example, a Canadian national team is sometimes referred to as the "Eh? team." Likewise, at one of their concerts, a member of the Canadian Brass, referring to their arrangement of the jazz standard, "Take the A Train," said that they'd considered calling it "Take the train, eh?"

The 2004 edition of the Canadian Oxford Dictionary states that "eh" is used most frequently by residents of Manitoba, Ontario, and New Brunswick, somewhat less frequently in Quebec, Saskatchewan, British Columbia, Nova Scotia, Prince Edward Island, and the three territories, and rarely if ever in Alberta and Newfoundland. This may reflect cultural differences among the provinces, perhaps including the physical distance between various areas of Canada and major American population centres.

See also: Canadian words and Bob & Doug McKenzie

File:Fonzie.jpg

"Ay!"-The Fonz speaking with an American variation of the word "eh'"

Australia, New Zealand, and the United States

"Eh?" used to solicit agreement or confirmation is also heard regularly amongst speakers in Australia (where it is sometimes incorrectly spelled "ay" on the assumption that "eh" would rhyme with "heh" or "meh"). The usage in New Zealand is similar, and is more common in the North Island. It is also heard in the United States, especially Minnesota, Wisconsin, the Upper Peninsula of Michigan, the midwest, Oklahoma and the New England region. In New England and Oklahoma it is also used as a general exclamation as in Scotland. Since usage of the word "eh" is not common in the United States as it is in Canada, it is often used by Americans to parody Canadian English.

South Africa

The equivalent in South African English is "hey", of Dutch origin.

Sonny Moore

A commonly used term, meaning "Is that so?" or "Oh, really?".

Lebanon, Syria

Eh is also used in Lebanon and Syria with the meaning of "Yes" to agree about something

Egypt

Eh is also used in Egyptian arabic "ايه؟" as "What? say it again".

Similar terms in other languages

Japanese "Hee?" is a common exclamation in Japanese and is used to express surprise. It is also used when the listener did not fully understand or hear what the speaker said. It can be lengthened to show greater surprise (e.g. Heeeeee?!). "nee/ne?/naa" are extremely similar to the Canadian "eh," being statement ending particles which solicit or assume agreement, confirmation, or comprehension on the part of the listener.

In Mandarin Chinese, eh (誒 in pinyin: ê4) is a relatively infrequently used exclamation expressing disappointment or affirmation.

Eh is also used in Italian spoken language to express surprise or misunderstanding, but also as a general word for turning an affirmation into a question.

Hain is used in Mauritian Creole and it can express a variety of ideas but it is generally used in context of a conversation and is generally interpreted very quickly.