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The Darod (Somali language: Darood, or Daarood) is a Somali clan. The Arabic name of the Darod clan is Banu Dawud (بني داوود). In the Somali language, the word Daarood means "an enclosed compound," compounding the two words daar (compound) and ood (place enclosed by wall, trees, woods, fence, etc). The Darod population lives throughout northeastern, the Jubba River valley, and southwestern Somalia, northern Kenya, and Ethiopia's Somali Region (particularly the Ogaden area).

History

Some Darod clan members claim to be descendants of Muhammad ibn Aqil, the son of Aqeel ibn Abi Talib. Aqeel ibn Abu Talib was second of four sons of Abu Talib ibn ‘Abd al-Muttalib, who was the uncle and protector of the Islamic prophet, Muhammad who was head of the Banu Hashim. They have a strong tribal relationship with the other Hashemites. According to tradition, Muhammad ibn Aqil's descendant Abdirahman Isma'il Jabarti, a sheikh of the Qadiriyyah Order, arrived in northeastern Somalia in either the 10th or 11th centuries AD, where he took the daughter of a local Somali chief as his wife.^[1]

The Darod were supporters of Imam Ahmad ibn Ibrihim al-Ghazi during his 16th century conquest of Ethiopia, especially the Harti and Marehan sub-clans, who fought at the Battle of Shimbra Kure.^[2]

Demographics

Some sources, including the Canadian Report of the Somalia Commission of Inquiry, indicate that the Darod is the largest Somali clan.^[3]^[4] The CIA and Human Rights Watch, however, indicate that Hawiye is the largest Somali clan.^[5]^[6] The CIA indicates that the Darod make up 40% of the Somalis in Ethiopia and Kenya.^{[citation needed]}

Partial sub-clan summary

Ogaden
- Awlyahan
- Mohamed Subeyr
  - Reer Abdulle
  - Reer Isaaq
- Talamuge
  - Abdalla
  - Abudwaaq
  - Reer Mohamed
- Bah Geri
- Muqaabul
  - Makahil
  - Reer Sacad
Leelkase
- Muumin Aadan
- Mahamed Aden
- Fiqi Ismail
- Mohamud Ali
- Korshe
- Suhurre
- Ali Sheikh
Harti
- Kaskiqabbe
  - Reer Warsame Cade
    - Da'ar
    - Baari
  - Gaashanle
- Dhulbahante
- Majeerteen
  - Wabeeneeye
    - Ali Wabeeneeye
    - Ahmed Wabeeneeye
  - Saleebaan
    - Cali Saleebaan
      - Cawlyahan Cali
      - Ismaaciil Cali
      - Biciidyahan Cali
      - Cumar Cali
      - Saciid Cali
    - Ugaar Saleebean
    - Ismail Saleebean
    - Mahmoud Saleebaan
      - Omar Mahmoud
      - Nuux Maxamuud
      - Cisman Mahmoud
      - Ciise Mahmoud
  - Noleys
    - Musse Noleys (Idigfale)
    - Abdalle Noleys (Danweyne)
  - Reer Bicidyahan
  - Reer Mahmoud
  - Jibraahiil
    - Ali Jibraahiil
    - Nuh Jibrahiil
  - Siwaaqroon
- Warsangali
  - Reer Salax
  - Reer Geraad
  - Ugaaslabe
  - Bahidoor
  - Nuh Omar
  - Dubays
  - Nuux Yuusuf (Muxumud)
  - Cabdi Cali
  - Cawrmale
Marehan (Somali: Mareexaan)
- Urmidig
- Reer Hasan
- Howrarsame
  - Yusuf
  - Aadan Saleban
  - Mahamud Saleban
- Wagardhac
- Talxa
- Reer Diini
- Habar Cisse
Awrtable
Dishiishe
- Reer Sakariye
- Reer Boqor
- Reer gobdoon
- Reer Muuse
- Reer Isxaaq
- Reer Faahiye
- Reer Maxamed Ciise
- Reer Macaawiye
- Saleebaan
- Mugdi
Tiinle
- Reer Ugaas
  - Reer Maxamed Xasan
  - Reer Cali Maxamud
  - Reer Faahiye
  - Nuux
- Reer Aaw
- Xuseen Cabdale
Xarre Koonbe
Geri Kombo
- Gaashaanbuur
  - Reer C/salaan Cismaan Yusuf
  - Reer Rashiid Ahmed Taabe
  - Reer Faysal Cabdi Rooble
  - Reer Fartuun Sheik Abdullaahi
Tanade
Jambeel
Jidwaq
- Bartire
- Yabare
- Abaskul

Notable Darod people

Maj.Gen.Siad Barre, Marehan, third President of Somalia, 1969–1991
Shire Jama Ahmed, Marehan, Inventor of the Somali script
Abdi Bile, Dhulbahante, winner of the 1,500 metres at the "1987 World Championships in Athletics"
Hussein Shuqul, Marehan, Director of Somali Milatery College (Jaalle Siyaad Militry Academy)
Abdirashid Ali Shermarke, Majeerteen, second President of Somalia, 1967–1969
Abdirizak Haji Hussein, Majeerteen, Prime Minister of Somalia.
Abdullahi Yusuf Ahmed, Majeerteen, President of Somalia's transitional government since 2004
Ali Khalif Galaid, Dhulbahante, former TNG Prime Minister of Somalia
Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Majeerten, Dutch politician and advocate of women's rights^[7]
Barre Adan Shire Hiiraale, Marehan, defence minister of Somalia
Faarax Maxamed Jaamac Cawl, Reer Gerad of Warsangeli, writer
Hirsi Magan Isse, scholar and one of the leaders of the Somalian revolution
Mohammed Abdullah Hassan (Maxamed Cabdulle Xasan), Ogaden, the Sayyid; called the Mad Mullah by the British
Mohammed Said Hersi Morgan, Majerteen, defence minister beginning of 1990s
Mohamoud Ali Shire, Warsangeli, Sultan of former "British Somaliland" (1897–1960)
Mahamed Muumin Leelkase, (1500–1582), scholar; author of the oldest surviving books in Horn of Africa
Said Sheikh Samatar, Leelkase, professor at Rutgers University
Ahmed Farah Ali 'Idaja', Marehan, one of the first Somali language writers and 'father' of the Somali written folklore
Abdulrahman Jama Barre, Marehan, Somali Foreign Minister and close relative of Siad Barre
Ahmed Mohamed Hassan, member of the Pan-African Parliament from Djibouti
General Ali Matan Hashi, Marehan, First Somali pilot, Commander of Somali Airforce 1959-1978, Minister of Justice, Minister of Health, True Somali Nationalist.
Major General Hussein Shuqul, Marehan, Head of "Jaalle Siyaad" National Military College
Aden Ibrahim Aw Hirsi, Marehan, Author, Islamic Jurisprudence/Political Science scholar, governor of Gedo region 2007-
Doctor Warsame Indhoole, Marehan, Director of the Somali Developmental Crash Program, oversaw the successful Somali literacy campaign
Abdiqadir Hersi Yam-Yam, Marehan, prominent Somali poet and scholar
General Ahmed Warsame, Marehan, Head of the Somali Military Academy
Colonel Mohamud Hashi Abdi Hoosh, Marehan, Jubba Regional Army Command 1980-1991
Doctor Mohammed Sheikh Adden, Marehan, Somali intellectual, former head of Somali Technological Development, Minister of Information, Minister of Education, Marehan, Head of the Ideology Bureau SRRC
Fatimo Isaak Bihi, Marehan, First Somali female ambassador, Ambassador to Geneva, Director of the African Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Ugaas Geedi Ugaas Dhabar calan Ogaden, Awlyahan, reer Afgaab

References

Hunt, John A. (1951). "Chapter IX: Tribes and Their Stock". A General Survey of the Somaliland Protectorate 1944–1950. London: Crown Agent for the Colonies. Accessed on October 7 2005 (from Civic Webs Virtual Library archive).
"The Somali Ethnic Group and Clan System". Civic Webs Virtual Library, from: Reunification of the Somali People by Jack L. Davies, Band 160 IEE Working Papers, Institute of Development Research and Development, Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Bochum, Germany 1996, ISBN 3-927276-46-4, ISSN 0934-6058. Retrieved January 22. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)

External links

Map: Somalia's Clan Families and Major Subclans

^ I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), p. 22
^ Sihab ad-Din Ahmad bin 'Abd al-Qader, Futuh al-Habasa: The conquest of Ethiopia, translated by Paul Lester Stenhouse with annotations by Richard Pankhurst (Hollywood: Tsehai, 2003), pp. 50, 76
^ "The Situation in Somalia". Report of the Somali Commission of Inquiry, Vol. 1. Retrieved November 21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
^ Somalia Assesment 2001, Annex B: Somali Clan Structure, Country Information and Policy Unit, Home Office, Great Britain
^ Central Intelligence Agency (2002). "Ethnic Groups". Somalia Summary Map. Retrieved February 15. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
^ Human Rights Watch (1990). "Somalia: Human Rights Developments". Human Rights Watch World Report 1990. Retrieved November 21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)
^ Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Infidel (New York: Free Press, 2007): page 3

[1] I.M. Lewis, A Modern History of the Somali, fourth edition (Oxford: James Currey, 2002), p. 22

[2] Sihab ad-Din Ahmad bin 'Abd al-Qader, Futuh al-Habasa: The conquest of Ethiopia, translated by Paul Lester Stenhouse with annotations by Richard Pankhurst (Hollywood: Tsehai, 2003), pp. 50, 76

[Canadian-3] "The Situation in Somalia". Report of the Somali Commission of Inquiry, Vol. 1. Retrieved November 21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)

[4] Somalia Assesment 2001, Annex B: Somali Clan Structure, Country Information and Policy Unit, Home Office, Great Britain

[CIA-5] Central Intelligence Agency (2002). "Ethnic Groups". Somalia Summary Map. Retrieved February 15. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)

[HRW-6] Human Rights Watch (1990). "Somalia: Human Rights Developments". Human Rights Watch World Report 1990. Retrieved November 21. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |accessdate= (help); Unknown parameter |accessyear= ignored (|access-date= suggested) (help)

[7] Ayaan Hirsi Ali, Infidel (New York: Free Press, 2007): page 3

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 *[[Fatimo Isaak Bihi]], Marehan, First Somali female ambassador, Ambassador to Geneva, Director of the African Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs
+Ugaas Geedi Ugaas Dhabar calan Ogaden, Awlyahan, reer Afgaab
-==Notes==
-<references />
 ==References==