Pipturus albidus: Difference between revisions
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Added ecology section, which describes how this species is important to several butterflies. |
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{{Italic title}} |
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{{Taxobox |
{{Taxobox |
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| name = ''Māmaki'' |
| name = ''Māmaki'' |
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| image_caption = |
| image_caption = |
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| regnum = [[Plant]]ae |
| regnum = [[Plant]]ae |
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| divisio = [[Magnoliophyta]] |
| divisio = [[Flowering plant|Magnoliophyta]] |
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| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] |
| classis = [[Magnoliopsida]] |
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| subclassis = [[Rosidae]] |
| subclassis = [[Rosidae]] |
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'''''Pipturus albidus''''', known as '''''Māmaki''''' in [[Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]], is a species of [[flowering plant]] in the [[nettle]] family, [[Urticaceae]], that is [[Endemism|endemic]] to [[Hawaii|Hawai{{okina}}i]]. It inhabits [[Hawaiian tropical rainforests#Coastal mesic forests|coastal mesic]], [[Hawaiian tropical rainforests#Mixed mesic forests|mixed mesic]], and [[Hawaiian tropical rainforests#Wet forests|wet forests]] at elevations of {{convert|60|–|1830|m|ft}}. ''Māmaki'' is a small [[tree]] that reaches a height of {{convert|9|m|ft}} and a trunk diameter of {{convert|0.3|m|ft}}.<ref>{{cite |
'''''Pipturus albidus''''', known as '''''Māmaki''''' in [[Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]], is a species of [[flowering plant]] in the [[nettle]] family, [[Urticaceae]], that is [[Endemism|endemic]] to [[Hawaii|Hawai{{okina}}i]]. It inhabits [[Hawaiian tropical rainforests#Coastal mesic forests|coastal mesic]], [[Hawaiian tropical rainforests#Mixed mesic forests|mixed mesic]], and [[Hawaiian tropical rainforests#Wet forests|wet forests]] at elevations of {{convert|60|–|1830|m|ft|abbr=on}}. ''Māmaki'' is a small [[tree]] that reaches a height of {{convert|9|m|ft|abbr=on}} and a trunk diameter of {{convert|0.3|m|ft|abbr=on}}.<ref name="CFTH">{{cite web |url=http://www.ctahr.hawaii.edu/forestry/trees/CommonTreesHI/CFT_Pipturus_albidus.pdf |format=PDF |title=Mamaki |first=Elbert L. |last=Little Jr. |coauthors=Roger G. Skolmen |work=Common Forest Trees of Hawaii (Native and Introduced) |publisher=[[United States Forest Service]] |year=1989 |accessdate=2009-11-29}}</ref> |
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==Uses== |
==Uses== |
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===Non-medicinal=== |
===Non-medicinal=== |
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The [[bast fibre]]s were used by Native Hawaiians to make ''[[kapa]]'' (bark cloth) and ''kaula'' ([[rope]]).<ref name="Bishop"/> |
The [[bast fibre]]s were used by Native Hawaiians to make ''[[kapa]]'' (bark cloth) and ''kaula'' ([[rope]]).<ref name="Bishop"/> |
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==Ecology== |
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''P. albidus'' is the preferred [[Host (biology)|host]] plant for the [[caterpillar]]s of the [[Kamehameha butterfly]] (''Vanessa tameamea'').<ref name="CFTH"/> ''Māmaki'' sometimes host the caterpillars of the Green Hawaiian Blue (''[[Udara]] [[Udara blackburni|blackburni]]'').<ref name="Scott">{{cite book |url=http://books.google.com/books?id=Oa5m8gZcGjMC |title=The Butterflies of North America: A Natural History and Field Guide |first=James A. |last=Scott |publisher=Stanford University Press |year=1992 |isbn=9780804720137 |page=399}}</ref> |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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Revision as of 19:02, 29 November 2009
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| Species: | P. albidus
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| Pipturus albidus | |
Pipturus albidus, known as Māmaki in Hawaiian, is a species of flowering plant in the nettle family, Urticaceae, that is endemic to Hawaiʻi. It inhabits coastal mesic, mixed mesic, and wet forests at elevations of 60–1,830 m (200–6,000 ft). Māmaki is a small tree that reaches a height of 9 m (30 ft) and a trunk diameter of 0.3 m (0.98 ft).[1]
Uses
Medicinal
Native Hawaiians made a treatment for illnesses known as ʻea and pāʻaoʻao from the fruit.[2] They also combined fresh māmaki leaves with hot stones and spring water to produce an herbal tea that was an effective treatment for general debility. Today, packages of dried māmaki leaves are commercially produced.[3]
Non-medicinal
The bast fibres were used by Native Hawaiians to make kapa (bark cloth) and kaula (rope).[2]
Ecology
P. albidus is the preferred host plant for the caterpillars of the Kamehameha butterfly (Vanessa tameamea).[1] Māmaki sometimes host the caterpillars of the Green Hawaiian Blue (Udara blackburni).[4]
References
- ^ a b Little Jr., Elbert L. (1989). "Mamaki" (PDF). Common Forest Trees of Hawaii (Native and Introduced). United States Forest Service. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ a b "mamaki, mamake, waimea (P. albidus on Kauai & P. ruber)". Hawaiian Ethnobotany Database. Bernice P. Bishop Museum. Retrieved 2009-11-16.
- ^ Krauss, Beatrice H. (2001). Plants in Hawaiian Medicine. Bess Press. pp. 85–88. ISBN 9781573061285.
{{cite book}}: Unknown parameter|coauthors=ignored (|author=suggested) (help) - ^ Scott, James A. (1992). The Butterflies of North America: A Natural History and Field Guide. Stanford University Press. p. 399. ISBN 9780804720137.
External links
Media related to Pipturus albidus at Wikimedia Commons
- "Pipturus albidus". Hawaiian Native Plant Propagation Database. University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa.
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