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Sunpadh, Sinbad (Persian: سندباد), or Sinbad the Magus (Arabic: سنباذ المجوسي Sinbād̲h̲ al-Majūsī) (died 755) was a Persian cleric who incited an uprising against the Abbasid Caliphate in the 8th century.

Biography

Sunpadh was a native of a village called Āhan Nishapur, he was a close friend of Abu Muslim.

Following the betrayal and subsequent death of Abu Muslim in 755, the enraged Sunpadh swore to march on Mecca and destroy the Kaaba. Sunpadh further preached that "Abu Muslim has not died, and when Mansur meant to slay him, he chanted God's great name (Persian: نام مهين خداى تعالى), turned into a white dove and flew away. Now he is standing with Mahdi and Mazdak in a castle of copper and they shall emerge by and by." His doctrine received wide support among Persian Shi'i Muslims, Zoroastrians and Mazdakites and revolts occurred in Ray, Herat and Sistan. Within only 70 days, Sunpadh's forces were however defeated by one of Caliph al-Mansur's generals, Juhar ibn Murad. Sunpadh then fled to Khurshid of Tabaristan, but there he was murdered by one of Khurshid's cousins, because he had failed to show the man proper respect.

Sunpadh also preached a syncretism melding Islam and Zoroastrianism. In combination with his unusual and heretical vow to advance towards Hijaz and raze the Kaaba, this led to the belief that he was in fact a Zoroastrian, rather than a Muslim.

Political personality

Sunpadh was a friend and confidant of the Persian general Abu Muslim Khorasani, who had begun the Abbasid revolt in 747. Nizam al-Mulk states in his Siyāsatnāma that Khorasani had delegated his authority and coffers in Rayy to Sunpadh prior to journeying to Baghdad, where he was eventually murdered by order of the second Abbasid Caliph, al-Mansur.

References

Bibliography

Goldschmidt, Arthur; Davidson, Lawrence (2005), A Concise History of the Middle East, Boulder: Westview Press
Abdolhossein Zarrinkoob, Two Centuries of Silence (1999), pp. 146-152, ISBN 964-5983-33-6.

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-'''Sunpadh''', '''Sinbad''' ({{lang-fa|سندباد}}), or '''Sinbad the Magus''' ({{lang-ar|سنباذ المجوسي}} ''Sinbād̲h̲ al-Majūsī'') (died 755) was a [[Persian people|Persian]] cleric from a small village called Āhan  near [[Nishapur]] who incited an uprising against the [[Abbasid Caliphate]] in the 8th century.
+'''Sunpadh''', '''Sinbad''' ({{lang-fa|سندباد}}), or '''Sinbad the Magus''' ({{lang-ar|سنباذ المجوسي}} ''Sinbād̲h̲ al-Majūsī'') (died 755) was a [[Persian people|Persian]] cleric who incited an uprising against the [[Abbasid Caliphate]] in the 8th century.
+== Biography ==
-==Political personality==
+Sunpadh was a native of a village called Āhan [[Nishapur]], he was a close friend of [[Abu Muslim]].
-Sunpadh was a friend and confidant of the Persian general [[Abu Muslim Khorasani]], who had begun the Abbasid revolt in 747. [[Nizam al-Mulk]] states in his ''[[Siyasatnama|Siyāsatnāma]]'' that Khorasani had delegated his authority and coffers in [[Shahr-e-Rey, Iran|Rayy]] to Sunpadh prior to journeying to Baghdad, where he was eventually murdered by order of the second Abbasid [[Caliph]], [[al-Mansur]].
+Following the betrayal and subsequent death of Abu Muslim in 755, the enraged Sunpadh swore to march on [[Mecca]] and destroy the [[Kaaba]]. Sunpadh further preached that "Abu Muslim has not died, and when Mansur meant to slay him, he chanted God's great name ({{lang-fa|نام مهين خداى تعالى}}), turned into a white dove and flew away. Now he is standing with [[Mahdi]] and [[Mazdak]] in a castle of copper and they shall emerge by and by." His doctrine received wide support among Persian [[Shia Islam|Shi'i]] Muslims, [[Zoroastrianism|Zoroastrians]] and [[Mazdak|Mazdakites]] and revolts occurred in [[Ray, Iran|Ray]], [[Herat]] and [[Sistan]]. Within only 70 days, Sunpadh's forces were however defeated by one of [[Caliph]] [[al-Mansur]]'s generals, Juhar ibn Murad. Sunpadh then fled to [[Khurshid of Tabaristan]], but there he was murdered by one of Khurshid's cousins, because he had failed to show the man proper respect.
-== Religious sect ==
-Following the betrayal and subsequent death of the general in 755, the enraged Sunpadh swore to march on [[Mecca]] and destroy the [[Kaaba]]. Sunpadh further preached that "Abu Muslim has not died, and when Mansur meant to slay him, he chanted God's great name ({{lang-fa|نام مهين خداى تعالى}}), turned into a white dove and flew away. Now he is standing with [[Mahdi]] and [[Mazdak]] in a castle of copper and they shall emerge by and by." His doctrine received wide support among Persian [[Shia Islam|Shi'i]] Muslims, [[Zoroastrianism|Zoroastrians]] and [[Mazdak|Mazdakites]] and revolts occurred in [[Ray, Iran|Ray]], [[Herat]] and [[Sistan]]. Within only 70 days, Sunpadh's forces were however defeated by one of [[Caliph]] [[al-Mansur]]'s generals, Juhar ibn Murad. Sunpadh then fled to [[Khurshid of Tabaristan]], but there he was murdered by one of Khurshid's cousins.
 Sunpadh also preached a [[syncretism]] melding [[Islam]] and [[Zoroastrianism]]. In combination with his unusual and heretical vow to advance towards [[Hijaz]] and raze the Kaaba, this led to the belief that he was in fact a [[Zoroastrianism|Zoroastrian]], rather than a [[Muslim]].
+==Political personality==
+Sunpadh was a friend and confidant of the Persian general [[Abu Muslim Khorasani]], who had begun the Abbasid revolt in 747. [[Nizam al-Mulk]] states in his ''[[Siyasatnama|Siyāsatnāma]]'' that Khorasani had delegated his authority and coffers in [[Shahr-e-Rey, Iran|Rayy]] to Sunpadh prior to journeying to Baghdad, where he was eventually murdered by order of the second Abbasid [[Caliph]], [[al-Mansur]].
 == See also ==