Parawixia: Difference between revisions
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==Natural history== |
==Natural history== |
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One of the better known species of ''Parawixia'' is ''P. audax''. It makes a loose, large web placing itself in the hub, head down, or in a retreat |
One of the better known species of ''Parawixia'' is ''P. audax''. It makes a loose, large web placing itself in the hub, head down, or in a retreat created from a rolled-leaf. Webs are placed 1–2 m above the ground but most species probably live in the canopy and so are rarely collected. |
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''Parawixia bistriata'' is known to be social and makes its webs fairly high up, frequently on telephone poles. All the individuals in a colony are of the same age and size and during the day they share a retreat in which they cluster together.<ref name = "Levi">{{cite journal | last1 = Levi | first1 = Herbert W. | year = 1992 | title = Spiders of the orb-weaver genus ''Parawixia'' in America (Araneae: Araneidae) | journal = Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology | volume = 153 | issue = 1 |pages = 1–46}}</ref> |
''Parawixia bistriata'' is known to be social and makes its webs fairly high up, frequently on telephone poles. All the individuals in a colony are of the same age and size and during the day they share a retreat in which they cluster together.<ref name = "Levi">{{cite journal | last1 = Levi | first1 = Herbert W. | year = 1992 | title = Spiders of the orb-weaver genus ''Parawixia'' in America (Araneae: Araneidae) | journal = Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology | volume = 153 | issue = 1 |pages = 1–46}}</ref> |
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Revision as of 10:21, 19 January 2019
| Parawixia | |
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| Parawixia dehaani in Taman Negara National Park, Malaysia | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Araneidae |
| Genus: | Parawixia F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904[1] |
| Species[1] | |
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See text. | |
Parawixia is a genus of orb web weaving spiders from the family Araneidae.[1] Most species of Parawixia are found in the Neotropics but one species, Parawixia dehaani, is found in Australasia and tropical Asia as far west as India.[1]
Natural history
One of the better known species of Parawixia is P. audax. It makes a loose, large web placing itself in the hub, head down, or in a retreat created from a rolled-leaf. Webs are placed 1–2 m above the ground but most species probably live in the canopy and so are rarely collected.
Parawixia bistriata is known to be social and makes its webs fairly high up, frequently on telephone poles. All the individuals in a colony are of the same age and size and during the day they share a retreat in which they cluster together.[2]
Species
As of September 2016[update], the World Spider Catalog accepted the following species:[1]
- Parawixia acapulco Levi, 1992 – Mexico
- Parawixia audax (Blackwall, 1863) – Colombia to Argentina
- Parawixia barbacoas Levi, 1992 – Colombia, Ecuador
- Parawixia bistriata (Rengger, 1836) – Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay, Argentina
- Parawixia casa Levi, 1992 – Colombia
- Parawixia chubut Levi, 2001 – Chile, Argentina
- Parawixia dehaani (Doleschall, 1859) – India to Philippines, New Guinea
- Parawixia destricta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) (type species) – Mexico to Panama
- Parawixia divisoria Levi, 1992 – Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Bolivia
- Parawixia guatemalensis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) – Mexico, Guatemala
- Parawixia honesta (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1899) – Mexico
- Parawixia hoxaea (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) – Guatemala to Panama
- Parawixia hypocrita (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) – Guatemala to Brazil
- Parawixia inopinata Camargo, 1950 – Brazil
- Parawixia kochi (Taczanowski, 1873) – Trinidad to Brazil, Guyana, French Guiana
- Parawixia maldonado Levi, 1992 – Peru
- Parawixia matiapa Levi, 1992 – Trinidad, Colombia, Peru, Brazil
- Parawixia monticola (Keyserling, 1892) – Brazil
- Parawixia nesophila Chamberlin & Ivie, 1936 – Costa Rica, Panama
- Parawixia ouro Levi, 1992 – Peru, Brazil
- Parawixia porvenir Levi, 1992 – Colombia
- Parawixia rigida (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1889) – Guatemala to Panama
- Parawixia rimosa (Keyserling, 1892) – Costa Rica to Bolivia
- Parawixia tarapoa Levi, 1992 – Ecuador, Peru, Brazil
- Parawixia tomba Levi, 1992 – Peru, Brazil
- Parawixia tredecimnotata F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904 – Mexico to Belize, Greater Antilles
- Parawixia undulata (Keyserling, 1892) – Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina
- Parawixia velutina (Taczanowski, 1878) – Colombia to Argentina
References
- ^ a b c d e "Gen. Parawixia F. O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1904". World Spider Catalog. Natural History Museum Bern. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
- ^ Levi, Herbert W. (1992). "Spiders of the orb-weaver genus Parawixia in America (Araneae: Araneidae)". Bulletin of the Museum of Comparative Zoology. 153 (1): 1–46.