From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Fundulus is a genus of ray-finned fishes in the superfamily Funduloidea , family Fundulidae (of which it is the type genus ). They belong to the order of toothcarps (Cyprinodontiformes), and therein the large suborder Cyprinodontoidei . Most of their closest living relatives are egg-lying, with the notable exception of the splitfin livebearers (Goodeidae ).
They are usually smallish, most species reaching a length of at most 4 in (10 cm) when fully adult. However, a few larger species exist, with the Giant Killifish (F. grandissimus ) and the Northern Studfish (F. catenatus ) growing to twice the genus' average size.
Many of the 40-odd species are commonly known by the highly ambiguous name "killifish " (the general term for egg-laying toothcarps), or the somewhat less ambiguous "topminnow " (a catch-all term for Fundulidae). Studfish is a quite unequivocal vernacular name applied to some other Fundulus ; it is not usually used to refer to the genus as a whole however.
Species
Russetfin Topminnow (Fundulus escambiae )
As of early 2011, FishBase lists 40 species, one of which went extinct in recent times; on average, 1-2 new species are being discovered and described every decade:[1]
Fundulus albolineatus – Whiteline Topminnow (extinct )
Fundulus auroguttatus (Hay, 1885)
Fundulus bermudae – Bermuda Killifish
Fundulus bifax – Stippled Studfish
Fundulus blairae Wiley & Hall, 1975 – Western Starhead Topminnow
Fundulus catenatus (Storer, 1846) – Northern Studfish
Fundulus chrysotus – Golden Topminnow
Fundulus cingulatus Valenciennes , 1846 – Banded Topminnow
Fundulus confluentus Goode & Bean , 1879 – Marsh Killifish (= F. bartrami, F. chaplini, F. ocellaris )
Fundulus diaphanus – Banded Killifish (sometimes in F. heteroclitus )
Fundulus dispar (Agassiz , 1854) – Starhead Topminnow
Fundulus escambiae (Bollman, 1887) – Russetfin Topminnow
Fundulus euryzonus Suttkus & Cashner, 1981 – Broadstripe Topminnow
Fundulus grandis Baird & Girard , 1853 – Gulf Killifish (= F. floridensis, F. pallidus )
Fundulus grandissimus Hubbs, 1936 – Giant Killifish
Fundulus heteroclitus – Mummichog
Fundulus jenkinsi – Saltmarsh Topminnow
Fundulus julisia – Barrens Topminnow
Fundulus kansae Garman , 1895 – Northern Plains Killifish
Fundulus lima Vaillant , 1894
Fundulus lineolatus – Lined Topminnow
Fundulus luciae (Baird, 1855) – Spotfin Killifish
Fundulus majalis – Striped Killifish , Striped Mummichog
Fundulus notatus – Blackstripe Topminnow
Fundulus notti (Agassiz , 1854) – Bayou Topminnow
Fundulus olivaceus (Storer, 1845) – Blackspotted Topminnow
Fundulus parvipinnis – California Killifish
Fundulus persimilis Miller, 1955 – Yucatan Killifish
Fundulus philpisteri García-Ramírez, Contreras-Balderas & Lozano-Vilano, 2007
Fundulus pulvereus (Evermann, 1892) – Bayou Killifish (= F. limbatus, F. spilotus )
Fundulus rathbuni Jordan & Meek, 1889 – Speckled Killifish
Fundulus relictus Able & Felley, 1988 – Lover's Lake Killifish (formerly in F. bermudae )
Fundulus rubrifrons (Jordan , 1880) – Redface Topminnow
Fundulus saguanus Rivas, 1948
Fundulus sciadicus Cope , 1865 – Plains Topminnow
Fundulus seminolis Girard , 1859 – Seminole Killifish
Fundulus similis (Baird & Girard , 1853) – Longnose Killifish
Fundulus stellifer (Jordan , 1877) – Southern Studfish
Fundulus waccamensis – Waccamaw Killifish
Fundulus zebrinus Jordan & Gilbert, 1883 – Plains Killifish (= F. adinia, F. zebra )
Formerly placed in Fundulus were the closely related Diamond Killifish (Adinia xenica ) and the somewhat more distantly related Cuban Killifish (Cubanichthys cubensis , a pupfish ).
References