70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot: Difference between revisions

70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot
70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot
	Colours of the 70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot
Active	10 December 1756–1 July 1881
Country	Kingdom of Great Britain (1756–1800); United Kingdom (1801–1881)
Branch	British Army
Type	Infantry
Size	One battalion
Garrison/HQ	The Barracks, Kingston upon Thames
Colors	Facings: Light grey
Engagements	American Revolutionary War; Napoleonic Wars; War of 1812; Indian Rebellion; Second Anglo-Afghan War

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The 70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot was a regiment of the British Army, raised in 1756. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot to form the East Surrey Regiment in 1881.

History[edit]

Formation[edit]

The formation of the regiment was prompted by the expansion of the army as a result of the commencement of the Seven Years' War. On 25 August 1756 it was ordered that a number of existing regiments should raise a second battalion; among those chosen was the 31st Regiment of Foot. The 2nd Battalion of the 31st Regiment of Foot was formed on 10 December 1756 and renumbered as the 70th (Glasgow Lowland) Regiment of Foot on 21 April 1758.^[1] The regiment was sent to Ireland in 1763 and on to the West Indies in 1764 where it suffered serious losses due to illness before returning home in 1774.^[2] It embarked for North America in 1775 for service in the American Revolutionary War.^[2] It was involved in the Battle of Sullivan's Island in June 1776 and the attack on Fort Lafayette in June 1779.^[3] The regiment acquired a county designation as the 70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot in 1782^[1] before returning home in 1784.^[3]

Napoleonic Wars[edit]

The regiment embarked for the West Indies again in 1793 for service in the French Revolutionary Wars.^[4] It took part in the Battle of Martinique in February 1794 and the Invasion of Guadeloupe in April 1794.^[3] The regiment then returned to Europe landing at Gibraltar in May 1795.^[5] It embarked for the West Indies again in February 1800 and based itself in Trinidad before arriving back in Jersey in May 1801.^[6] It embarked for the West Indies yet again in autumn 1803 and based itself in Antigua before moving to Saint Kitts in June 1806 and to Saint Thomas in December 1807.^[6] It then saw action during the Invasion of Guadeloupe in January 1810.^[7] The regiment embarked for home in June 1810 and, after moving into Ayr Barracks, reverted to the old title of 70th (Glasgow Lowland) Regiment of Foot in October 1812.^[1]

The regiment was tasked with suppressing riots in Montrose in January 1813 and, after guarding French prisoners of war in Perth for four months, embarked for Canada in August 1813.^[8] It was garrisoned in Montreal and then Cornwall on the Canadian frontier during the War of 1812.^[8] It moved to Fort George in April 1817, to Kingston in June 1819 and to Quebec in May 1821.^[9] The regiment regained its English county designation as the 70th (The Surrey) Regiment in December 1825^[1] before returning home in September 1827.^[10]

The Victorian era[edit]

The regiment moved to Gibraltar in April 1834 and to Malta in July 1836.^[10] It returned to the West Indies in January 1838 and took up residence in Barbados^[10] before moving on to Montreal in Canada in June 1841^[11] and embarking for home in May 1843.^[12] It departed for India in 1849 and helped to suppress the Indian Rebellion in 1857.^[3] The regiment moved to New Zealand in 1861 for service in the New Zealand Wars and took part in a skirmish at Rangiaohia in February 1864 during the Invasion of the Waikato.^[3] It returned to England in 1866 and then moved to Afghanistan in 1878 for service in the Second Anglo-Afghan War; it fought in Afghanistan with the Kandahar column.^[3]

As part of the Cardwell Reforms of the 1870s, where single-battalion regiments were linked together to share a single depot and recruiting district in the United Kingdom, the 70th was linked with the 31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot, and assigned to district no. 47 at The Barracks, Kingston upon Thames.^[13] On 1 July 1881 the Childers Reforms came into effect and the regiment amalgamated with the 31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot to become the 2nd Battalion of the East Surrey Regiment.^[1]

Battle Honours[edit]

Battle honours gained by the regiment were:^[1]

Guadeloupe 1810
New Zealand 1863–66
Afghanistan 1878-79

Colonels of the Regiment[edit]

Colonels of the regiment were:^[1]

70th (Glasgow Lowland) Regiment of Foot - (1758)[edit]

1758-1760: Gen. John Parslow
1760-1778: Gen. Cyrus Trapaud
1778-1783: Lt-Gen. William Tryon

70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot - (1782)[edit]

1783-1814: Gen. John Howard, 15th Earl of Suffolk

70th (Glasgow Lowland) Regiment of Foot - (1812)[edit]

1814-1816: Gen. Hon. Sir Galbraith Lowry Cole, GCB
1816: Lt-Gen. Forbes Champagné
1816-1832: Gen. Kenneth Alexander Howard, 1st Earl of Effingham, GCB

70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot - (1825)[edit]

1832-1854: Gen. Gage John Hall
1854-1868: Gen. Sir George William Paty, KCB, KH
1868-1870: Gen. Sir Charles Hastings Doyle, KCMG
1870-1874: Lt-Gen. Sir Henry Knight Storks, GCB, GCMG
1874-1881: Gen. Thomas James Galloway (to East Surrey Regiment)
1881: Regiment amalgamated with the 31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot to form The East Surrey Regiment

References[edit]

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot". regiments.org. Archived from the original on 13 January 2008. Retrieved 16 July 2016.
^ ^a ^b Cannon, p. 3
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot: Locations". Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 14 December 2007. Retrieved 3 February 2017.
^ Cannon, p. 4
^ Cannon, p. 5
^ ^a ^b Cannon, p. 6
^ Cannon, p. 7
^ ^a ^b Cannon, p. 8
^ Cannon, p. 9
^ ^a ^b ^c Cannon, p. 10
^ Cannon, p. 12
^ Cannon, p. 13
^ "Training Depots". Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 10 February 2006. Retrieved 16 October 2016.

Sources[edit]

Cannon, Richard (1849). Historical Record of the Seventieth, or the Surrey Regiment of Foot. London: Parker, Furnivall and Parker.

[regiments-1] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f ^g "70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot". regiments.org. Archived from the original on 13 January 2008. Retrieved 16 July 2016.

[cannon3-2] Cannon, p. 3

[locations-3] ^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e ^f "70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot: Locations". Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 14 December 2007. Retrieved 3 February 2017.

[cannon4-4] Cannon, p. 4

[cannon5-5] Cannon, p. 5

[cannon6-6] Cannon, p. 6

[cannon7-7] Cannon, p. 7

[cannon8-8] Cannon, p. 8

[cannon9-9] Cannon, p. 9

[cannon10-10] Cannon, p. 10

[cannon12-11] Cannon, p. 12

[cannon13-12] Cannon, p. 13

[training-13] "Training Depots". Regiments.org. Archived from the original on 10 February 2006. Retrieved 16 October 2016.

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Infobox military unit
 |unit_name=70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot
-|image=
+|image=70th Foot Colours.jpg
+|caption=Colours of the 70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot
-|caption=
 |nickname=
 |motto=
@@ Line 15: / Line 15: @@
 |command_structure=
 |size=One [[battalion]]
 |specialization=
 |current_commander=
 |garrison=[[The Barracks, Kingston upon Thames]]
 |battles=[[American Revolutionary War]]<br>[[Napoleonic Wars]]<br>[[War of 1812]]<br>[[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Rebellion]]<br>[[Second Anglo-Afghan War]]
 |notable_commanders=
 |anniversaries=
 }}
-The '''70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot''' was a regiment of the [[British Army]], raised in 1756 and amalgamated with the [[31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot]] in 1881 to form the [[East Surrey Regiment]].
+The '''70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot''' was a regiment of the [[British Army]], raised in 1756. Under the [[Childers Reforms]] it amalgamated with the [[31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot]] to form the [[East Surrey Regiment]] in 1881.
 == History ==
 ===Formation===
+[[File:Battle of Sullivans Island.jpg|thumb|Sergeant [[William Jasper]] raising the flag over Sullivan's Fort during the [[Battle of Sullivan's Island]] in June 1776]]
-The formation of the regiment was prompted by the expansion of the army as a result of the commencement of the [[Seven Years' War]]. On 25 August 1756 it was ordered that a number of existing regiments should raise a second [[battalion]]; among those chosen was the [[31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot|31st Regiment of Foot]]. The 2nd Battalion of the 31st Regiment of Foot was formed on 10 December 1756 and renumbered as the '''70th (Glasgow Lowland) Regiment of Foot''' on 21 April 1758.<ref name=regiments/> The regiment was sent to [[Ireland]] in 1763 and on to the [[West Indies]] in 1764 where it suffered serious losses due to illness before returning home in 1774.<ref name=cannon3>Cannon, p. 3</ref> It embarked for [[North America]] in 1775 for service in the [[American Revolutionary War]].<ref name=cannon3/> It was involved in the [[Battle of Sullivan's Island]] in June 1776 and the attack on [[Fort Lafayette]] in June 1779.<ref name=locations>{{cite web|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214093852/http://www.regiments.org/wars/18thcent/75awi.htm|title=70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot: Locations|publisher=Regiments.org|accessdate=3 February 2017}}</ref> The regiment acquired a county designation as the '''70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot''' in 1782<ref name=regiments/> before returning home in 1784.<ref name=locations/>
+The formation of the regiment was prompted by the expansion of the army as a result of the commencement of the [[Seven Years' War]]. On 25 August 1756 it was ordered that a number of existing regiments should raise a second [[battalion]]; among those chosen was the [[31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot|31st Regiment of Foot]]. The 2nd Battalion of the 31st Regiment of Foot was formed on 10 December 1756 and renumbered as the '''70th (Glasgow Lowland) Regiment of Foot''' on 21 April 1758.<ref name=regiments/> The regiment was sent to [[Ireland]] in 1763 and on to the [[West Indies]] in 1764 where it suffered serious losses due to illness before returning home in 1774.<ref name=cannon3>Cannon, p. 3</ref> It embarked for [[North America]] in 1775 for service in the [[American Revolutionary War]].<ref name=cannon3/> It was involved in the [[Battle of Sullivan's Island]] in June 1776 and the attack on [[Fort Lafayette]] in June 1779.<ref name=locations>{{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/wars/18thcent/75awi.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20071214093852/http://www.regiments.org/wars/18thcent/75awi.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=14 December 2007|title=70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot: Locations|publisher=Regiments.org|access-date=3 February 2017}}</ref> The regiment acquired a county designation as the '''70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot''' in 1782<ref name=regiments/> before returning home in 1784.<ref name=locations/>
 ===Napoleonic Wars===
-[[File:John Howard, 15th Earl of Suffolk.jpg|thumb|left|John Howard, 15th Earl of Suffolk, colonel of the regiment during the Napoleonic Wars, by [[Henry Bone]]]]
+[[File:John Howard, 15th Earl of Suffolk.jpg|thumb|left|[[John Howard, 15th Earl of Suffolk]], colonel of the regiment during the Napoleonic Wars, by [[Henry Bone]]]]
-The regiment embarked for the West Indies again in 1793 for service in the [[French Revolutionary Wars]].<ref name=cannon4>Cannon, p. 4</ref> It took part in the [[Battle of Martinique (1794)|Battle of Martinique]] in February 1794 and the [[Invasion of Guadeloupe (1794)|Invasion of Guadeloupe]] in April 1794.<ref name=locations/> The regiment then returned to [[Europe]] landing at [[Gibraltar]] in May 1795.<ref name=cannon5>Cannon, p. 5</ref> It embarked for the West Indies again in February 1800 and based itself in [[Trinidad]] before arriving back in [[Jersey]] in May 1801.<ref name=cannon6>Cannon, p. 6</ref> It embarked for the West Indies yet again in autumn 1803 and based itself in [[Antigua]] before moving to [[Saint Kitts]] in June 1806 and to [[Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands|Saint Thomas]] in December 1807.<ref name=cannon6/> It then saw action during the [[Invasion of Guadeloupe (1810)|Invasion of Guadeloupe]] in January 1810.<ref name=cannon7>Cannon, p. 7</ref> The regiment embarked for home in June 1810 and reverted to the title of '''70th (Glasgow Lowland) Regiment of Foot''' in October 1812.<ref name=regiments/>
+The regiment embarked for the West Indies again in 1793 for service in the [[French Revolutionary Wars]].<ref name=cannon4>Cannon, p. 4</ref> It took part in the [[Battle of Martinique (1794)|Battle of Martinique]] in February 1794 and the [[Invasion of Guadeloupe (1794)|Invasion of Guadeloupe]] in April 1794.<ref name=locations/> The regiment then returned to [[Europe]] landing at [[Gibraltar]] in May 1795.<ref name=cannon5>Cannon, p. 5</ref> It embarked for the West Indies again in February 1800 and based itself in [[Trinidad]] before arriving back in [[Jersey]] in May 1801.<ref name=cannon6>Cannon, p. 6</ref> It embarked for the West Indies yet again in autumn 1803 and based itself in [[Antigua]] before moving to [[Saint Kitts]] in June 1806 and to [[Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands|Saint Thomas]] in December 1807.<ref name=cannon6/> It then saw action during the [[Invasion of Guadeloupe (1810)|Invasion of Guadeloupe]] in January 1810.<ref name=cannon7>Cannon, p. 7</ref> The regiment embarked for home in June 1810 and, after moving into [[Churchill Barracks|Ayr Barracks]], reverted to the old title of '''70th (Glasgow Lowland) Regiment of Foot''' in October 1812.<ref name=regiments/>
-The regiment was tasked with suppressing riots in [[Montrose, Angus|Montrose]] in January 1813 and, after guarding French [[prisoner of war|prisoners of war]] in [[Perth, Scotland|Perth]] for four months, embarked for [[Canada]] in August 1813.<ref name=cannon8>Cannon, p. 8</ref> It was garrisoned in [[Montreal]] and then [[Cornwall, Ontario|Cornwall]] on the Canadian frontier during the [[War of 1812]].<ref name=cannon8/> It moved to [[Fort George, Ontario|Fort George]] in April 1817, to [[Kingston, Ontario|Kingston]] in June 1819 and to [[Quebec]] in May 1821.<ref name=cannon9>Cannon, p. 9</ref> The regiment regained its county designation as the '''70th (The Surrey) Regiment''' in December 1825<ref name=regiments/> before returning home in September 1827.<ref name=cannon10>Cannon, p. 10</ref>
+The regiment was tasked with suppressing riots in [[Montrose, Angus|Montrose]] in January 1813 and, after guarding French [[prisoner of war|prisoners of war]] in [[Perth, Scotland|Perth]] for four months, embarked for [[Canada]] in August 1813.<ref name=cannon8>Cannon, p. 8</ref> It was garrisoned in [[Montreal]] and then [[Cornwall, Ontario|Cornwall]] on the Canadian frontier during the [[War of 1812]].<ref name=cannon8/> It moved to [[Fort George, Ontario|Fort George]] in April 1817, to [[Kingston, Ontario|Kingston]] in June 1819 and to [[Quebec]] in May 1821.<ref name=cannon9>Cannon, p. 9</ref> The regiment regained its English county designation as the '''70th (The Surrey) Regiment''' in December 1825<ref name=regiments/> before returning home in September 1827.<ref name=cannon10>Cannon, p. 10</ref>
-===The Victoran era===
+===The Victorian era===
+[[File:70th Foot uniform.jpg|thumb|Uniform of the 70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot, 1840s]]
-The regiment moved to Gibraltar in April 1834 and to [[Malta]] in July 1836.<ref name=cannon10/> It returned to the West Indies in January 1838 and took up residence in [[Barbados]]<ref name=cannon10/> before moving on to Montreal in Canada in June 1841<ref name=cannon12>Cannon, p. 12</ref> and embarking for home in May 1843.<ref name=cannon13>Cannon, p. 13</ref> It departed for [[India]] in 1849 and helped to suppress the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Rebellion]] in 1857.<ref name=locations/> The regiment moved to [[New Zealand]] in 1861 for service in the [[New Zealand Wars]] and took part in a skirmish at Rangiaohia in February 1864 during the [[Invasion of the Waikato]].<ref name=locations/> It returned to England in 1866 and then moved to [[Afghanistan]] in 1878 for service in the [[Second Anglo-Afghan War]].<ref name=locations/>
+The regiment moved to Gibraltar in April 1834 and to [[Malta]] in July 1836.<ref name=cannon10/> It returned to the West Indies in January 1838 and took up residence in [[Barbados]]<ref name=cannon10/> before moving on to Montreal in Canada in June 1841<ref name=cannon12>Cannon, p. 12</ref> and embarking for home in May 1843.<ref name=cannon13>Cannon, p. 13</ref> It departed for [[India]] in 1849 and helped to suppress the [[Indian Rebellion of 1857|Indian Rebellion]] in 1857.<ref name=locations/> The regiment moved to [[New Zealand]] in 1861 for service in the [[New Zealand Wars]] and took part in a skirmish at Rangiaohia in February 1864 during the [[Invasion of the Waikato]].<ref name=locations/> It returned to England in 1866 and then moved to [[Afghanistan]] in 1878 for service in the [[Second Anglo-Afghan War]]; it fought in Afghanistan with the Kandahar column.<ref name=locations/>
-As part of the [[Cardwell Reforms]] of the 1870s, where single-battalion regiments were linked together to share a single depot and recruiting district in the United Kingdom, the 70th was linked with the [[31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot]], and assigned to district no. 47 at [[The Barracks, Kingston upon Thames]].<ref name=training>{{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/depot/1873.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060210172841/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/depot/1873.htm|dead-url=yes|archive-date=10 February 2006|title=Training Depots|publisher=Regiments.org|accessdate=16 October 2016}}</ref> On 1 July 1881 the [[Childers Reforms]] came into effect and the regiment amalgamated with the 31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot to become the 2nd Battalion of the [[East Surrey Regiment]].<ref name=regiments/>
+As part of the [[Cardwell Reforms]] of the 1870s, where single-battalion regiments were linked together to share a single depot and recruiting district in the United Kingdom, the 70th was linked with the [[31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot]], and assigned to district no. 47 at [[The Barracks, Kingston upon Thames]].<ref name=training>{{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/depot/1873.htm|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20060210172841/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/depot/1873.htm|url-status=dead|archive-date=10 February 2006|title=Training Depots|publisher=Regiments.org|access-date=16 October 2016}}</ref> On 1 July 1881 the [[Childers Reforms]] came into effect and the regiment amalgamated with the 31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot to become the 2nd Battalion of the [[East Surrey Regiment]].<ref name=regiments/>
 ==Battle Honours==
@@ Line 47: / Line 49: @@
 ==Colonels of the Regiment==
-Colonels of the regiment were:<ref name=regiments>{{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/inf/070-758.htm |title=70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot |publisher=regiments.org |accessdate=16 July 2016 |deadurl=bot: unknown |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080113060427/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/inf/070-758.htm |archivedate=13 January 2008 |df= }}</ref>
+Colonels of the regiment were:<ref name=regiments>{{cite web|url=http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/inf/070-758.htm |title=70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot |publisher=regiments.org |access-date=16 July 2016 |url-status=dead |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080113060427/http://www.regiments.org/regiments/uk/inf/070-758.htm |archive-date=13 January 2008 }}</ref>
 ===70th (Glasgow Lowland) Regiment of Foot - (1758)===
+*1758-1760: Gen. [[John Parslow (British Army officer)|John Parslow]]
-*1758-1760: Gen. John Parslow
 *1760-1778: Gen. [[Cyrus Trapaud]]
 *1778-1783: Lt-Gen. [[William Tryon]]
 ===70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot - (1782)===
 *1783-1814: Gen. [[John Howard, 15th Earl of Suffolk]]
 ===70th (Glasgow Lowland) Regiment of Foot - (1812)===
 *1814-1816: Gen. Hon. Sir Galbraith [[Lowry Cole]], GCB
 *1816: Lt-Gen. [[Forbes Champagné]]
 *1816-1832: Gen. [[Kenneth Howard, 1st Earl of Effingham|Kenneth Alexander Howard, 1st Earl of Effingham]], GCB
 ===70th (Surrey) Regiment of Foot - (1825)===
+*1832-1854: Gen. [[Gage John Hall]]
-*1832-1854: Gen. Gage John Hall
+*1854-1868: Gen. Sir [[George William Paty]], KCB, KH
-*1854-1868: Gen. Sir George William Paty, KCB, KH
 *1868-1870: Gen. Sir [[Charles Hastings Doyle]], KCMG
 *1870-1874: Lt-Gen. Sir [[Henry Knight Storks]], GCB, GCMG
-*1874-1881: Gen. Thomas James Galloway
+*1874-1881: Gen. [[Thomas James Galloway]] ''(to [[East Surrey Regiment]])''
+*''1881: Regiment amalgamated with the [[31st (Huntingdonshire) Regiment of Foot]] to form [[The East Surrey Regiment]]''
 == References ==
@@ Line 77: / Line 76: @@
 ==Sources==
-* {{cite book|first=Richard|last=Cannon|authorlink=Richard Cannon|title=Historical Record of the Seventieth, or the Surrey Regiment of Foot|year=1849|location=London|publisher=Parker, Furnivall and Parker|url=https://books.google.co.uk/books?id=UjkX5H98svMC&printsec=frontcover&source=gbs_ge_summary_r&cad=0#v=onepage&q&f=false}}
+* {{cite book|first=Richard|last=Cannon|author-link=Richard Cannon|title=Historical Record of the Seventieth, or the Surrey Regiment of Foot|year=1849|location=London|publisher=Parker, Furnivall and Parker|url=https://archive.org/details/historicalrecor01tuppgoog}}
 {{PWRR}}
 {{Regiments of Foot}}
+{{Use dmy dates|date=June 2017}}
+[[Category:East Surrey Regiment]]
 [[Category:Infantry regiments of the British Army|70]]
 [[Category:Military units and formations established in 1756]]