St. Kitts
| St. Kitts | ||
|---|---|---|
 |
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| Waters | Caribbean Sea | |
| Archipelago | Leeward Islands | |
| Geographical location | 17 ° 19 ′ N , 62 ° 45 ′ W | |
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| surface | 169 km² | |
| Highest elevation |
Mount Liamuiga 1156 m |
|
| Residents | 39,000 231 inhabitants / km² |
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| main place | Basseterre | |
St. Kitts ( English Saint Kitts ) is an island in the Caribbean . She is also known by her former name, Saint Christopher .
St. Kitts together with the island of Nevis forms the island state of St. Kitts and Nevis .
geography
The island is located 2021 km southeast of Miami . The distance to Sint Eustatius in the north is 13 km, to Nevis in the south 3 km. During the last ice age the sea level was about 60 m lower and St. Kitts, Nevis, Sint Eustatius and Saba formed a coherent island. In the east lies the island state of Antigua and Barbuda .
The land area is 169 km² (max. Size 30 × 10 km).
On St. Kitts are three volcanic mountain ranges: in the northwest of the Mount Misery mountain chain, in the middle of the Verchilds mountain chain and in the southeast the Olivees mountain chain. The highest point is the dormant volcano Mount Liamuiga , formerly called Mount Misery , at 1156 m .
The capital of the island state, Basseterre , is on St. Kitts; Basseterre is also the main port.
population
About 39,000 people live on the island, the majority are descendants of African slaves . The main language is English. The residents of St. Kitts call themselves Kittians .
history
The Caribs reached the island around 1300 . Christopher Columbus was the first European to reach the island. In 1538 Huguenots from Dieppe founded the first European settlement on the island and named it Dieppe after their hometown ; this settlement was destroyed by the Spaniards after a short time . In 1623 the English established a first permanent settlement under Captain Thomas Warner , followed by a French settlement, which was laid out in 1625 by Pierre Belain d'Esnambuc . In 1626 the Caribs planned a raid on the Europeans to destroy them or to drive them off the island. The Europeans found out about the plan and in turn killed all the Caribs or took them as slaves.
In 1629 the island was conquered and sacked by a Spanish squadron under Admiral Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Mendoza during the Anglo-Spanish War from 1625 to 1630 . The English and French fled - but they returned as early as 1631.
In April 1666, the French fleet captured the island during the Second Anglo-Dutch War . In June 1667 an English attempt to recapture it failed. In the Peace of Breda , however, the English got the island back.
1674 formed St. Kitts together with Antigua , Nevis and Montserrat a confederation of English island colonies with a common House of Representatives under the Governor William Stapleton .
The English and the French took turns in the rule of St. Kitts, but it finally fell to Great Britain in the Peace of Paris in 1783.
Nevis was united with St. Kitts and Anguilla to form St. Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla in 1882 .
Active and passive women's suffrage was introduced on September 19, 1951. "Since the National Assembly elections in 1951, the principles of universal, equal, secret and direct suffrage have been in effect." When the country gained independence in 1983, women's suffrage was confirmed.
In 1967 St. Christopher-Nevis-Anguilla was given the status of a dependent British territory with full internal autonomy. In 1971, Anguilla was separated again; 1983 was St Kitts and Nevis independent.
Economy and Infrastructure
traffic
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In Basseterre is the Robert L. Bradshaw International Airport ( ICAO code : TKPK), which was named after the politician Robert Bradshaw . The airport is regularly served by airlines such as British Airways , American Airlines and Delta Air Lines . Many cruise ships also visit the port of Basseterre. The St. Kitts Scenic Railway , which runs around the island, is a former sugar cane railway that is now used as a museum railway.
Public facilities
The 10,000-seat Warner Park Stadium is located in the capital, Basseterre . In March 2007 the Cricket World Cup 2007 took place there.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Recuperación de la isla de San Cristóbal , Museo del Prado, accessed on March 28, 2019.
- ↑ Christoph Rella: "In the beginning there was the fort." European fortification policy in Guinea and West India 1415–1815: Expansion - Fortification - Colonization . Dissertation, Vienna 2008, p. 191 ( online ).
- ↑ Hermann Wellenreuther : Fall and Rise. History of North America from the beginning of settlement to the end of the 17th century . Lit, Münster 2004, p. 401.
- ↑ a b - New Parline: the IPU's Open Data Platform (beta). In: data.ipu.org. September 19, 1951, accessed October 6, 2018 .
- ^ Mart Martin: The Almanac of Women and Minorities in World Politics. Westview Press Boulder, Colorado, 2000, p. 325.
- ↑ Bernd Hillebrands: St. Christopher and Nevis. In: Dieter Nohlen (Ed.): Handbook of the election data of Latin America and the Caribbean (= political organization and representation in America. Volume 1). Leske + Budrich, Opladen 1993, ISBN 3-8100-1028-6 , pp. 679-693, p. 681.