Charlotte de Laval: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description|French noblewoman}} |
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{{Use dmy dates|date=April 2016}} |
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{{Infobox nobility |
{{Infobox nobility |
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|name =Charlotte de Laval |
|name = Charlotte de Laval |
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|title ='''Dame de Châtillon''' |
|title = '''Dame de Châtillon''' |
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|spouse =[[Gaspard de Coligny]], Admiral of France |
|spouse = [[Gaspard II de Coligny|Gaspard de Coligny]], Admiral of France |
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|issue =[[Louise de Coligny]]<br>[[François de Coligny]], Count of Coligny<br>Charles de Coligny, Marquis d'Andolet |
|issue = [[Louise de Coligny]]<br>[[François de Coligny]], Count of Coligny<br>[[Charles de Coligny]], Marquis d'Andolet |
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|father =Guy XVI de Laval, Count of Laval |
|father = [[Guy XVI de Laval]], Count of Laval |
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|mother =Antoinette d'Aillon |
|mother = Antoinette d'Aillon |
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|birth_date=1530 |
|birth_date = 1530 |
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|birth_place=[[Brittany]], France |
|birth_place = [[Brittany]], France |
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|death_date=3 March 1568 |
|death_date = 3 March 1568 |
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|death_place=[[Orléans]], France |
|death_place = [[Orléans]], France |
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|noble family=Laval |
|noble family = [[House of Laval|Laval]] |
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|}} |
|}} |
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'''Charlotte de Laval, Dame de Châtillon''' (1530 – 3 March 1568),<ref name="tp">www.thePeerage.com/p310.htm#3095 |
'''Charlotte de Laval, Dame de Châtillon''' (1530 – 3 March 1568),<ref name="tp">{{cite web |title=Person Page 310 |url=http://www.thePeerage.com/p310.htm#3095 |website=The Peerage.com |accessdate=6 June 2014}}</ref> was a French noblewoman from one of the most powerful families in [[Brittany]]. She was the first wife of [[Gaspard II de Coligny|Gaspard de Coligny]], Seigneur de Châtillon, [[Admiral of France]] and a prominent [[Huguenot]] leader during the [[French Wars of Religion]]. She was the mother of [[Louise de Coligny]], the fourth wife of [[William the Silent]], [[Prince of Orange]]. The present [[British Royal Family]] directly descends from her. |
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== Family == |
== Family == |
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Charlotte was born in [[Brittany]], France in 1530, the daughter of Guy XVI de Laval, Count of Laval, head of one of Brittany's most powerful noble families, and Antoinette d'Aillon. Her paternal grandparents were Jean de Laval and Jeanne du Perrier, and her maternal grandparents were Jacques d'Aillon and Jeanne Madeleine de Vendôme, Dame d'Illiers. She was a descendant of King [[Charles VI of France]] and [[Isabeau of Bavaria]] through their daughter [[Joan of France (1391-1433)|Jeanne, Duchess of Brittany]]. Charlotte's great-aunt was [[Jeanne de Laval]], the second wife of [[René I of Anjou]] and stepmother of English Queen consort [[Margaret of Anjou]]. |
Charlotte was born in [[Brittany]], France in 1530, the daughter of [[Guy XVI de Laval]], Count of Laval, head of one of Brittany's most powerful noble families, and Antoinette d'Aillon. Her paternal grandparents were Jean de Laval and Jeanne du Perrier, and her maternal grandparents were Jacques d'Aillon and Jeanne Madeleine de Vendôme, Dame d'Illiers. She was a descendant of King [[Charles VI of France]] and [[Isabeau of Bavaria]] through their daughter [[Joan of France (1391-1433)|Jeanne, Duchess of Brittany]]. Charlotte's great-aunt was [[Jeanne de Laval]], the second wife of [[René I of Anjou]] and stepmother of English Queen consort [[Margaret of Anjou]]. |
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She had a half-sister, [[Anne de Laval (1505-1554)|Anne de Laval]] from her father's first marriage to [[Charlotte of Naples]]. She had a half-brother Guy XVII de Laval, Count of Laval, from her father's second marriage to Anne de Montmorency. Charlotte's father died on 20 May 1531 when she was about a year old. In addition to his many noble titles, he also held the positions of Lieutenant-General and [[Governor of Brittany]], and Admiral of Brittany. Her mother died on 19 April 1538, leaving Charlotte an orphan at the age of eight. |
She had a half-sister, [[Anne de Laval (1505-1554)|Anne de Laval]], from her father's first marriage to [[Charlotte of Naples]]. She had a half-brother Guy XVII de Laval, Count of Laval, from her father's second marriage to Anne de Montmorency. Charlotte's father died on 20 May 1531 when she was about a year old. In addition to his many noble titles, he also held the positions of Lieutenant-General and [[Governor of Brittany]], and Admiral of Brittany. Her mother died on 19 April 1538, leaving Charlotte an orphan at the age of eight. |
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== Marriage and issue == |
== Marriage and issue == |
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[[File:François Clouet - Admiral Gaspard II de Coligny.jpg|thumb|120px|right|Portrait of [[Gaspard de Coligny]] husband of Charlotte de Laval. It was painted by [[François Clouet]]]] |
[[File:François Clouet - Admiral Gaspard II de Coligny - 168-1925 - Saint Louis Art Museum.jpg|thumb|120px|right|Portrait of [[Gaspard II de Coligny|Gaspard de Coligny]] husband of Charlotte de Laval. It was painted by [[François Clouet]]]] |
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[[File:Louisecoligny.jpg|thumb|150px|right|[[Louise de Coligny]], the daughter of Charlotte de Laval and Gaspard de Coligny]] |
[[File:Louisecoligny.jpg|thumb|150px|right|[[Louise de Coligny]], the daughter of Charlotte de Laval and Gaspard de Coligny]] |
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On 15 October 1547<ref name="tp"/> at [[Fontainebleau]], Charlotte married |
On 15 October 1547<ref name="tp"/> at [[Fontainebleau]], Charlotte married Gaspard de Coligny, Seigneur de Châtillon who would be appointed Admiral of France in 1552. He succeeded [[Claude d'Annebault]] as admiral following the latter's death. Their principal residence was the [[Château de Châtillon-Coligny]]. Gaspard and Charlotte had three children: |
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* [[Louise de Coligny]] (23 September 1555 – 13 November 1620), married firstly on 26 May 1571 [[Charles de Téligny]], who was killed in the [[St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre]] in 1572; on 24 April 1583, she married secondly as his fourth wife William |
* [[Louise de Coligny]] (23 September 1555 – 13 November 1620), married firstly on 26 May 1571 [[Charles de Téligny]], who was killed in the [[St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre]] in 1572; on 24 April 1583, she married secondly as his fourth wife [[William the Silent]], Prince of Orange. She had one son by her last marriage, [[Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange]] (29 January 1584 – 14 March 1647) |
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* [[François de Coligny]], Count of Coligny, Seigneur de Châtillon-sur-Loing (28 April 1557 – 8 October 1591), married Marguerite d'Ailly, by whom he had issue. |
* [[François de Coligny]], Count of Coligny, Seigneur de Châtillon-sur-Loing (28 April 1557 – 8 October 1591), married Marguerite d'Ailly, by whom he had issue. |
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* Charles de Coligny, Marquis d'Andolet (1564–1632) |
* [[Charles de Coligny]], Marquis d'Andolet (1564–1632) |
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==Later life== |
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Charlotte's husband was taken prisoner at the [[Battle of St. Quentin (1557)|Battle of Saint-Quentin]] in 1557, and was released two years later. It was during his imprisonment in the fortress of L'Ecluse that he avidly read the works of [[John Calvin]] and by his release in 1559 he had become a fervent Huguenot.<ref name="Ref_">{{harvnb|Strage|1976|p=119}}</ref> |
Charlotte's husband was taken prisoner at the [[Battle of St. Quentin (1557)|Battle of Saint-Quentin]] in 1557, and was released two years later. It was during his imprisonment in the fortress of L'Ecluse that he avidly read the works of [[John Calvin]] and by his release in 1559 he had become a fervent Huguenot.<ref name="Ref_">{{harvnb|Strage|1976|p=119}}</ref> |
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It has been suggested that she was the "Madame de Curosot", said to be a Huguenot sponsor of the poet [[Pierre de Bocosel de Chastelard]] who was executed in Scotland for twice invading the privacy of [[Mary, Queen of Scots]]. The name "Curosot" may have a cipher name substituted for "Châtillon" in the original correspondence.<ref>Thomas Finlay Henderson, [https://archive.org/details/maryqueenofscots01hend/page/256/mode/2up ''Mary, Queen of Scots, her environment and tragedy, a biography'', 1 (London, 1905), pp. 257–258]</ref> |
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She died on 3 March 1568 in [[Orléans]] at the age of thirty-eight. In 1571, Gaspard married secondly Jacqueline de Montbel, by whom he had a posthumous daughter Beatrix, born on 21 December 1572. He had been assassinated four months earlier by paid assassins of [[Henry I, Duke of Guise]] allegedly acting under the orders of the French queen mother [[Catherine de Medici]].<ref name="Ref_a">{{harvnb|Strage|1976|pp=162–176}}</ref> Immediately upon his death, the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre commenced, in which Charlotte's son-in-law Charles de Téligny also lost his life. |
She died on 3 March 1568 in [[Orléans]] at the age of thirty-eight. In 1571, Gaspard married secondly Jacqueline de Montbel, by whom he had a posthumous daughter Beatrix, born on 21 December 1572. He had been assassinated four months earlier by paid assassins of [[Henry I, Duke of Guise]] allegedly acting under the orders of the French queen mother [[Catherine de Medici]].<ref name="Ref_a">{{harvnb|Strage|1976|pp=162–176}}</ref> Immediately upon his death, the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre commenced, in which Charlotte's son-in-law Charles de Téligny also lost his life. |
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== References == |
== References == |
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{{Portal|Brittany}} |
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{{Reflist}} |
{{Reflist}} |
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{{Refbegin}} |
{{Refbegin}} |
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* {{citation |first=Mark |last=Strage |title=Women of Power |publisher=Harcourt Brace Jovanovich |location=New York and London |year=1976 |isbn=0-15-198370-4}} |
* {{citation |first=Mark |last=Strage |title=Women of Power |publisher=Harcourt Brace Jovanovich |location=New York and London |year=1976 |isbn=0-15-198370-4 |url-access=registration |url=https://archive.org/details/womenofpowerlife00stra }} |
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* Europaeische Stammfeln ed. Schwennicke, Band XIV (1991), Taf. 60-64 |
* Europaeische Stammfeln ed. Schwennicke, Band XIV (1991), Taf. 60-64 |
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{{Refend}} |
{{Refend}} |
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[[Category:1568 deaths]] |
[[Category:1568 deaths]] |
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[[Category:French nobility]] |
[[Category:French nobility]] |
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[[Category: |
[[Category:16th-century Breton women]] |
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[[Category:16th-century Breton people]] |
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[[fr:Charlotte de Laval]] |
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Latest revision as of 02:37, 22 March 2024
Charlotte de Laval | |
|---|---|
| Dame de Châtillon | |
| Born | 1530 Brittany, France |
| Died | 3 March 1568 Orléans, France |
| Noble family | Laval |
| Spouse(s) | Gaspard de Coligny, Admiral of France |
| Issue | Louise de Coligny François de Coligny, Count of Coligny Charles de Coligny, Marquis d'Andolet |
| Father | Guy XVI de Laval, Count of Laval |
| Mother | Antoinette d'Aillon |
Charlotte de Laval, Dame de Châtillon (1530 – 3 March 1568),[1] was a French noblewoman from one of the most powerful families in Brittany. She was the first wife of Gaspard de Coligny, Seigneur de Châtillon, Admiral of France and a prominent Huguenot leader during the French Wars of Religion. She was the mother of Louise de Coligny, the fourth wife of William the Silent, Prince of Orange. The present British Royal Family directly descends from her.
Family[edit]
Charlotte was born in Brittany, France in 1530, the daughter of Guy XVI de Laval, Count of Laval, head of one of Brittany's most powerful noble families, and Antoinette d'Aillon. Her paternal grandparents were Jean de Laval and Jeanne du Perrier, and her maternal grandparents were Jacques d'Aillon and Jeanne Madeleine de Vendôme, Dame d'Illiers. She was a descendant of King Charles VI of France and Isabeau of Bavaria through their daughter Jeanne, Duchess of Brittany. Charlotte's great-aunt was Jeanne de Laval, the second wife of René I of Anjou and stepmother of English Queen consort Margaret of Anjou.
She had a half-sister, Anne de Laval, from her father's first marriage to Charlotte of Naples. She had a half-brother Guy XVII de Laval, Count of Laval, from her father's second marriage to Anne de Montmorency. Charlotte's father died on 20 May 1531 when she was about a year old. In addition to his many noble titles, he also held the positions of Lieutenant-General and Governor of Brittany, and Admiral of Brittany. Her mother died on 19 April 1538, leaving Charlotte an orphan at the age of eight.
Marriage and issue[edit]
On 15 October 1547[1] at Fontainebleau, Charlotte married Gaspard de Coligny, Seigneur de Châtillon who would be appointed Admiral of France in 1552. He succeeded Claude d'Annebault as admiral following the latter's death. Their principal residence was the Château de Châtillon-Coligny. Gaspard and Charlotte had three children:
- Louise de Coligny (23 September 1555 – 13 November 1620), married firstly on 26 May 1571 Charles de Téligny, who was killed in the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre in 1572; on 24 April 1583, she married secondly as his fourth wife William the Silent, Prince of Orange. She had one son by her last marriage, Frederick Henry, Prince of Orange (29 January 1584 – 14 March 1647)
- François de Coligny, Count of Coligny, Seigneur de Châtillon-sur-Loing (28 April 1557 – 8 October 1591), married Marguerite d'Ailly, by whom he had issue.
- Charles de Coligny, Marquis d'Andolet (1564–1632)
Later life[edit]
Charlotte's husband was taken prisoner at the Battle of Saint-Quentin in 1557, and was released two years later. It was during his imprisonment in the fortress of L'Ecluse that he avidly read the works of John Calvin and by his release in 1559 he had become a fervent Huguenot.[2]
It has been suggested that she was the "Madame de Curosot", said to be a Huguenot sponsor of the poet Pierre de Bocosel de Chastelard who was executed in Scotland for twice invading the privacy of Mary, Queen of Scots. The name "Curosot" may have a cipher name substituted for "Châtillon" in the original correspondence.[3]
She died on 3 March 1568 in Orléans at the age of thirty-eight. In 1571, Gaspard married secondly Jacqueline de Montbel, by whom he had a posthumous daughter Beatrix, born on 21 December 1572. He had been assassinated four months earlier by paid assassins of Henry I, Duke of Guise allegedly acting under the orders of the French queen mother Catherine de Medici.[4] Immediately upon his death, the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre commenced, in which Charlotte's son-in-law Charles de Téligny also lost his life.
Through her daughter Louise, Charlotte was the ancestress of King William III of England, Frederick the Great, and the present British Royal Family also directly descends from her.
References[edit]
- ^ a b "Person Page 310". The Peerage.com. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
- ^ Strage 1976, p. 119
- ^ Thomas Finlay Henderson, Mary, Queen of Scots, her environment and tragedy, a biography, 1 (London, 1905), pp. 257–258
- ^ Strage 1976, pp. 162–176
- Strage, Mark (1976), Women of Power, New York and London: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, ISBN 0-15-198370-4
- Europaeische Stammfeln ed. Schwennicke, Band XIV (1991), Taf. 60-64