Craniopsidae: Difference between revisions
Content deleted Content added
more citations and clarifications |
Citation bot (talk | contribs) Add: bibcode, authors 1-1. Removed parameters. Some additions/deletions were parameter name changes. | Use this bot. Report bugs. | Suggested by Spinixster | Category:Brachiopod stubs | #UCB_Category 143/160 |
||
| (3 intermediate revisions by 2 users not shown) | |||
| Line 12: | Line 12: | ||
}} |
}} |
||
'''Craniopsidae''' is an extinct family of [[Craniiforma|craniiform]] [[Brachiopod|brachiopods]] which lived from the mid-[[Cambrian]] to the [[Early Carboniferous|Lower Carboniferous]] ([[Tournaisian]]). It is the only family in the [[Monotypic taxon|monotypic]] superfamily '''Craniopsoidea''' and the monotypic order '''Craniopsida.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Williams |first=Alwyn |url=https://journals.ku.edu/InvertebratePaleo/issue/view/462 |title=Part H, Brachiopoda (Revised). Volumes 2 & 3: Linguliformea, Craniiformea, and Rhynchonelliformea (part) |
'''Craniopsidae''' is an extinct family of [[Craniiforma|craniiform]] [[Brachiopod|brachiopods]] which lived from the mid-[[Cambrian]] to the [[Early Carboniferous|Lower Carboniferous]] ([[Tournaisian]]). It is the only family in the [[Monotypic taxon|monotypic]] superfamily '''Craniopsoidea''' and the monotypic order '''Craniopsida'''.<ref name=":02">{{Cite book |last=Williams |first=Alwyn |url=https://journals.ku.edu/InvertebratePaleo/issue/view/462 |title=Part H, Brachiopoda (Revised). Volumes 2 & 3: Linguliformea, Craniiformea, and Rhynchonelliformea (part) |publisher=The University of Kansas |year=2000 |isbn=0-8137-3108-9 |editor-last=Kaesler |editor-first=Roger L. |edition= |series=[[Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology]] |volume= |location=Lawrence, Kansas |display-authors=etal}}</ref> If one includes the ambiguous Cambrian genus ''[[Discinopsis]]'', craniopsids were the first craniiforms to appear, and may be ancestral to [[Craniidae|craniids]] and [[Trimerellida|trimerellides]].''<ref name=":4">{{Cite book |last1=Popov |first1=Leonid E. |url=https://journals.ku.edu/InvertebratePaleo/issue/view/505 |title=Part H, Brachiopoda (Revised). Volume 6: Supplement |last2=Holmer |first2=Lars E. |publisher=Geological Society of America; University of Kansas |year=2007 |isbn=978-0-8137-3136-0 |editor-last=Selden |editor-first=Paul A. |edition= |series=[[Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology]] |volume= |location=Boulder, Colorado; Lawrence, Kansas |pages=2591 |chapter=Chapter 4 (part): Craniopsida |display-authors= |chapter-url=https://journals.ku.edu/InvertebratePaleo/article/view/5518/4991}}</ref>'' An even earlier Cambrian genus, ''[[Heliomedusa]]'', has sometimes been identified as a craniopsid. More recently, ''Heliomedusa'' has been considered a [[stem-group]] brachiopod related to ''[[Mickwitzia]]''. |
||
Craniopsids |
Craniopsids are among the simplest of brachiopods, with few identifiable features shared between genera. The [[Calcite|calcitic]] shell is rounded in profile and biconvex, with both valves equally convex. Like other craniiforms, they had two pairs of adductor (vertical closing) muscles and two pairs of oblique (diagonal sliding) muscles, with the muscle scars shifted to just behind the center of the shell. They show some similarities with [[Kirengellida|kirengellids]], a group of problematic Cambrian fossils representing the shells of marine organisms.'''<ref name=":02" />''' |
||
== List of genera == |
== List of genera == |
||
| Line 23: | Line 23: | ||
* †''[[Paracraniops]]'' <small>Williams 1963</small> [Upper Ordovician ("Caradoc") – early Silurian ([[Llandovery Epoch|Llandovery]])] |
* †''[[Paracraniops]]'' <small>Williams 1963</small> [Upper Ordovician ("Caradoc") – early Silurian ([[Llandovery Epoch|Llandovery]])] |
||
* †''[[Pseudopholidops]]'' <small>Bekker, 1921</small> [Ordovician] |
* †''[[Pseudopholidops]]'' <small>Bekker, 1921</small> [Ordovician] |
||
* †''[[Wrightiops]]'' <small>Popov and Cocks 2014</small><ref>{{Cite journal | |
* †''[[Wrightiops]]'' <small>Popov and Cocks 2014</small><ref>{{Cite journal |last1=Popov |first1=Leonid E. |last2=Cocks |first2=L. Robin M. |date=2014-08-18 |title=Late Ordovician brachiopods from the Chingiz Terrane, Kazakhstan, and their palaeogeography |url=http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/14772019.2013.837844 |journal=Journal of Systematic Palaeontology |language=en |volume=12 |issue=6 |pages=687–758 |doi=10.1080/14772019.2013.837844 |bibcode=2014JSPal..12..687P |issn=1477-2019}}</ref> [Upper Ordovician ([[Katian]])] |
||
== References == |
== References == |
||
Latest revision as of 10:00, 12 April 2024
| Craniopsidae Temporal range:
| |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Brachiopoda |
| Class: | Craniata |
| Order: | †Craniopsida Gorjansky & Popov, 1985 |
| Superfamily: | †Craniopsoidea Williams, 1963 |
| Family: | †Craniopsidae Williams, 1963 |
| Genera | |
|
See text. | |
| Synonyms | |
|
Sanxiaella | |
Craniopsidae is an extinct family of craniiform brachiopods which lived from the mid-Cambrian to the Lower Carboniferous (Tournaisian). It is the only family in the monotypic superfamily Craniopsoidea and the monotypic order Craniopsida.[1] If one includes the ambiguous Cambrian genus Discinopsis, craniopsids were the first craniiforms to appear, and may be ancestral to craniids and trimerellides.[2] An even earlier Cambrian genus, Heliomedusa, has sometimes been identified as a craniopsid. More recently, Heliomedusa has been considered a stem-group brachiopod related to Mickwitzia.
Craniopsids are among the simplest of brachiopods, with few identifiable features shared between genera. The calcitic shell is rounded in profile and biconvex, with both valves equally convex. Like other craniiforms, they had two pairs of adductor (vertical closing) muscles and two pairs of oblique (diagonal sliding) muscles, with the muscle scars shifted to just behind the center of the shell. They show some similarities with kirengellids, a group of problematic Cambrian fossils representing the shells of marine organisms.[1]
List of genera[edit]
- †Craniops Hall, 1859 [Upper Ordovician ("Caradoc") – Lower Carboniferous (late Tournaisian)]
- †Discinopsis? Hall & Clarke 1892 [mid-Cambrian]
- †Lingulapholis Schuchert 1913 [Devonian]
- †Paracraniops Williams 1963 [Upper Ordovician ("Caradoc") – early Silurian (Llandovery)]
- †Pseudopholidops Bekker, 1921 [Ordovician]
- †Wrightiops Popov and Cocks 2014[3] [Upper Ordovician (Katian)]
References[edit]
- ^ a b Williams, Alwyn; et al. (2000). Kaesler, Roger L. (ed.). Part H, Brachiopoda (Revised). Volumes 2 & 3: Linguliformea, Craniiformea, and Rhynchonelliformea (part). Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Lawrence, Kansas: The University of Kansas. ISBN 0-8137-3108-9.
- ^ Popov, Leonid E.; Holmer, Lars E. (2007). "Chapter 4 (part): Craniopsida". In Selden, Paul A. (ed.). Part H, Brachiopoda (Revised). Volume 6: Supplement. Treatise on Invertebrate Paleontology. Boulder, Colorado; Lawrence, Kansas: Geological Society of America; University of Kansas. p. 2591. ISBN 978-0-8137-3136-0.
- ^ Popov, Leonid E.; Cocks, L. Robin M. (2014-08-18). "Late Ordovician brachiopods from the Chingiz Terrane, Kazakhstan, and their palaeogeography". Journal of Systematic Palaeontology. 12 (6): 687–758. Bibcode:2014JSPal..12..687P. doi:10.1080/14772019.2013.837844. ISSN 1477-2019.
External links[edit]
- "Craniopsidae". Fossilworks. Gateway to the Paleobiology Database. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
- Craniopsodae at fossiilid.info
|  | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||
 | This brachiopod-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it. |