Douglas XFD: Difference between revisions

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|national origin= United States
|national origin= United States
|manufacturer= [[Douglas Aircraft Company]]
|manufacturer= [[Douglas Aircraft Company]]
|first flight= January 1933<ref name="Angel">Angelucci, 1987. pp. 182-183.</ref>
|first flight= January 1933
|introduced=
|retired=
|status=
|primary user= [[United States Navy]]
|primary user= [[United States Navy]]
|number built=1
|number built=1
|developed from=
|variants with their own articles=
}}
}}
|}
|}


The '''Douglas XFD''' was a [[Aircraft carrier|carrier]]-based biplane [[fighter aircraft]], the first fighter to be built by the [[Douglas Aircraft Company]].
The '''Douglas XFD''' was a [[Carrier-based aircraft|carrier-based]] biplane [[fighter aircraft]] designed for the [[United States Navy]], and the first fighter to be built by the [[Douglas Aircraft Company]]. A victim of changing requirements, no production was undertaken.


==Design and development==
==Development==
The XFD was designed to the [[Bureau of Aeronautics]] [[Specification No. 311]], requesting a carrier-based two-seater biplane fighter. On June 30, 1932, the Navy ordered the XFD, [[Vought XF3U]], and [[Curtiss XF12C]] for testing.
The XFD was designed to the U.S. Navy's [[Bureau of Aeronautics]] (BuAer) Specification No. 311, requesting a carrier-based two-seater biplane fighter.<ref>Yenne 1985, p. 64.</ref> On June 30, 1932, the Navy ordered the XFD, [[Vought XF3U]], and [[Curtiss XF12C]] for testing.<ref name="Angel">Angelucci, 1987. pp. 182-183.</ref>


The XFD was all metal except for its fabric covering. The crew sat in tandem in a single bay, enclosed by a long canopy. It had fixed landing gear with a tailwheel. Powered by a [[Pratt & Whitney Wasp]], it first flew in January 1933, and was evaluated by the Navy between June 18, 1933 and August 14, 1934.
The first naval fighter designed by Douglas Aircraft,<ref>Pattillo 2001, p. 111.</ref> the XFD was constructed of metal, with a fabric outer covering. The crew sat in tandem in a single bay, enclosed by a long canopy. It had fixed landing gear with a tailwheel. It was designed to be armed with two {{convert|.30|in|abbr=on}} [[machine gun]]s, one fixed in the [[cowling]] and the other on a flexible mount for the observer, and a {{convert|500|lb|adj=on}} cound be carried.<ref name="John">Johnson 2011, p. 84.</ref> Powered was supplied by a [[Pratt & Whitney R-1535 Twin Wasp Junior]] [[radial engine]].<ref name="John"/>


==Operational history==
The XFD performed well, but the Navy had stopped using two-seater fighters; therefore, no orders were received.
The XFD-1 prototype first flew in January 1933;<ref name="Angel"/> it was delivered to the U.S. Navy for trials at [[Naval Air Station Anacostia]] in June 1933, within four days of the delivery of the Vought XF3U-1;<ref name="John"/> evaluations of the types were undertaken between June 18, 1933 and August 14, 1934.<ref name="Angel"/> While the XFD-1's performance was considered to be acceptable, the U.S. Navy's operational requirements were already changing to see the two-seat fighter concept falling out of favor, the [[scout bomber]] being considered more useful for the Navy's needs, and accordingly after the end of the XFD-1's flight trials no further orders were placed for the type.<ref name="John"/>


==Specifications==
==Specifications==
[[File:Douglas XFD-1 running up on 26 June 1933.jpg|thumb|right|The XFD-1 in June 1933]]
{{aerospecs
{{Aircraft specs
|ref=Angelucci, 1987. pp. 182-183<ref name="Angel"/>
|ref=Angelucci 1987<ref name="Angel"/>, Johnson 2011<ref name="John"/>
|met or eng?=eng
|prime units?=imp
|crew=two

|crew=Two (pilot and observer)
|capacity=
|capacity=
|length m=7.72
|length m=
|length ft=25
|length ft=25
|length in=4
|length in=4
|length note=
|span m=9.60
|span m=
|span ft=31
|span ft=31
|span in=6
|span in=6
|span note=
|height m=3.37
|height ft=11
|height m=
|height in=1
|height ft=25
|height in=4
|wing area sqm=27.40
|height note=
|wing area sqm=
|wing area sqft=295
|wing area sqft=295
|wing area note=
|empty weight kg=1,464
|aspect ratio=
|empty weight lb=3,227
|airfoil=
|gross weight kg=2,119
|gross weight lb=4,672
|empty weight kg=
|empty weight lb=3227
|empty weight note=
|gross weight kg=
|gross weight lb=5000
|gross weight note=
|max takeoff weight kg=
|max takeoff weight lb=
|max takeoff weight note=
|fuel capacity=
|more general=

|eng1 number=1
|eng1 number=1
|eng1 type=[[Pratt & Whitney R-1535 Twin Wasp Junior|Pratt & Whitney R-1535-64]] 14-cylinder air-cooled [[radial engine]]
|eng1 name=[[Pratt & Whitney R-1535 Twin Wasp Junior|Pratt & Whitney R-1535-64]]
|eng1 type=14-cylinder air-cooled [[radial engine]]
|eng1 kw=
|eng1 kw=
|eng1 hp=700
|eng1 hp=700
|eng1 note=
|max speed kmh=335
|power original=
|max speed mph=208

|cruise speed kmh=274
|more power=

|prop blade number=2
|prop name=Hamilton Standard
|prop dia m=
|prop dia ft=
|prop dia in=
|prop note=

|max speed kmh=
|max speed mph=204
|max speed kts=
|max speed note=
|max speed mach=
|cruise speed kmh=
|cruise speed mph=170
|cruise speed mph=170
|cruise speed kts=
|cruise speed note=
|stall speed kmh=
|stall speed kmh=
|stall speed mph=
|stall speed mph=
|stall speed kts=
|range km=927
|stall speed note=
|range miles=576
|never exceed speed kmh=
|endurance h=
|never exceed speed mph=
|endurance min=
|never exceed speed kts=
|ceiling m=7,224
|never exceed speed note=
|ceiling ft=23,700
|range km=
|climb rate ms=8.48
|range miles=
|climb rate ftmin=1,670
|range nmi=
|armament1=3 × {{convert|.30|in|mm|2|abbr=on}} [[machine gun]]s
|range note=
|armament2={{convert|500|lb|kg|abbr=on}} bombs
|combat range km=
|combat range miles=576
|combat range nmi=
|combat range note=
|ferry range km=
|ferry range miles=
|ferry range nmi=
|ferry range note=
|endurance=
|ceiling m=
|ceiling ft=23700
|ceiling note=
|g limits=
|roll rate=
|glide ratio=
|climb rate ms=
|climb rate ftmin=1670
|climb rate note=
|time to altitude=
|lift to drag=
|wing loading kg/m2=
|wing loading lb/sqft=
|wing loading note=
|disk loading kg/m2=
|disk loading lb/sqft=
|disk loading note=
|fuel consumption kg/km=
|fuel consumption lb/mi=
|power/mass=
|thrust/weight=

|more performance=

|guns=1 x [[.30-caliber]] [[machine gun]], fixed forwards-firing cowl mounting<br>1 x .30-caliber machine gun, flexible mounting in rear cockpit
|bombs={{convert|5000|lb}} external
|rockets=
|missiles=
|hardpoints=
|hardpoint capacity=
|hardpoint rockets=
|hardpoint missiles=
|hardpoint bombs=
|hardpoint other=
}}
}}


==See also==
==See also==
{{commonscat|Douglas XFD}}
{{aircontent
{{aircontent
|see also=
|see also=
|related=
|related=
|similar aircraft=*[[Vought XF3U]]
|similar aircraft=
*[[Curtiss XF12C]]
*[[Curtiss XF12C]]
*[[Vought XF3U]]
|lists=
|lists=
*[[List of military aircraft of the United States (naval)]]
}}
}}


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===Bibliography===
===Bibliography===
{{refbegin}}
*{{cite book |last= Angelucci |first= Enzo |title=The American Fighter from 1917 to the present |year=1987 |publisher=Orion Books |location=New York |pages= }}
*{{cite book|last=Angelucci|first=Enzo|title=The American Fighter from 1917 to the present|year=1987|publisher=Orion Books|location=New York}}

*{{cite book|last=Johnson|first=E.R.|title=United States Naval Aviation, 1919-1941|year=2011|publisher=McFarland & Company|location=Jefferson, NC|ISBN=978-0-7864-4550-9}}
==External links==
*{{cite book|last=Pattillo|first=Donald|title=Pushing the Envelope: The American Aircraft Industry|year=2001|publisher=University of Michigan Press|location=Ann Arbor, MI|isbn=0-472-10869-7}}
{{commons category-inline|Douglas XFD}}
*{{cite book|last=Yenne|first=Bill|Title=McDonnell Douglas: Tale of Two Giants|year=1985|publisher=Crescent Books|location=New York|ISBN=978-0-5174-4287-6}}
{{refend}}


{{Douglas aircraft}}
{{Douglas aircraft}}

Revision as of 00:30, 29 December 2017

“XFD” redirects here. For the Wikipedia deletion process, see WP:XFD
XFD
Role Fighter
National origin United States
Manufacturer Douglas Aircraft Company
First flight January 1933
Primary user United States Navy
Number built 1

The Douglas XFD was a carrier-based biplane fighter aircraft designed for the United States Navy, and the first fighter to be built by the Douglas Aircraft Company. A victim of changing requirements, no production was undertaken.

Design and development

The XFD was designed to the U.S. Navy's Bureau of Aeronautics (BuAer) Specification No. 311, requesting a carrier-based two-seater biplane fighter.[1] On June 30, 1932, the Navy ordered the XFD, Vought XF3U, and Curtiss XF12C for testing.[2]

The first naval fighter designed by Douglas Aircraft,[3] the XFD was constructed of metal, with a fabric outer covering. The crew sat in tandem in a single bay, enclosed by a long canopy. It had fixed landing gear with a tailwheel. It was designed to be armed with two .30 in (7.6 mm) machine guns, one fixed in the cowling and the other on a flexible mount for the observer, and a 500-pound (230 kg) cound be carried.[4] Powered was supplied by a Pratt & Whitney R-1535 Twin Wasp Junior radial engine.[4]

Operational history

The XFD-1 prototype first flew in January 1933;[2] it was delivered to the U.S. Navy for trials at Naval Air Station Anacostia in June 1933, within four days of the delivery of the Vought XF3U-1;[4] evaluations of the types were undertaken between June 18, 1933 and August 14, 1934.[2] While the XFD-1's performance was considered to be acceptable, the U.S. Navy's operational requirements were already changing to see the two-seat fighter concept falling out of favor, the scout bomber being considered more useful for the Navy's needs, and accordingly after the end of the XFD-1's flight trials no further orders were placed for the type.[4]

Specifications

The XFD-1 in June 1933

Data from Angelucci 1987[2], Johnson 2011[4]

General characteristics

  • Crew: Two (pilot and observer)
  • Length: 25 ft 4 in (7.72 m)
  • Wingspan: 31 ft 6 in (9.60 m)
  • Height: 25 ft 4 in (7.72 m)
  • Wing area: 295 sq ft (27.4 m2)
  • Empty weight: 3,227 lb (1,464 kg)
  • Gross weight: 5,000 lb (2,268 kg)
  • Powerplant: 1 × Pratt & Whitney R-1535-64 14-cylinder air-cooled radial engine, 700 hp (520 kW)
  • Propellers: 2-bladed Hamilton Standard

Performance

  • Maximum speed: 204 mph (328 km/h, 177 kn)
  • Cruise speed: 170 mph (270 km/h, 150 kn)
  • Combat range: 576 mi (927 km, 501 nmi)
  • Service ceiling: 23,700 ft (7,200 m)
  • Rate of climb: 1,670 ft/min (8.5 m/s)

Armament

  • Guns: 1 x .30-caliber machine gun, fixed forwards-firing cowl mounting
    1 x .30-caliber machine gun, flexible mounting in rear cockpit
  • Bombs: 5,000 pounds (2,300 kg) external

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Douglas XFD.

Aircraft of comparable role, configuration, and era

Related lists

References

Citations

  1. ^ Yenne 1985, p. 64.
  2. ^ a b c d Angelucci, 1987. pp. 182-183.
  3. ^ Pattillo 2001, p. 111.
  4. ^ a b c d e Johnson 2011, p. 84.

Bibliography

  • Angelucci, Enzo (1987). The American Fighter from 1917 to the present. New York: Orion Books.
  • Johnson, E.R. (2011). United States Naval Aviation, 1919-1941. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company. ISBN 978-0-7864-4550-9.
  • Pattillo, Donald (2001). Pushing the Envelope: The American Aircraft Industry. Ann Arbor, MI: University of Michigan Press. ISBN 0-472-10869-7.
  • Yenne, Bill (1985). New York: Crescent Books. ISBN 978-0-5174-4287-6. {{cite book}}: Missing or empty |title= (help); Unknown parameter |Title= ignored (|title= suggested) (help)
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