Ivantosaurus: Difference between revisions
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{{italic title}} |
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{{Taxobox |
{{Taxobox |
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| name = ''Ivantosaurus'' |
| name = ''Ivantosaurus'' |
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| image_caption = |
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| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
| regnum = [[Animal]]ia |
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| phylum = [[ |
| phylum = [[Chordata]] |
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| subclassis = [[Synapsid]]a |
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| ordo = [[Therapsida]] |
| ordo = [[Therapsida]] |
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| subordo = {{extinct}}[[Biarmosuchia]] |
| subordo = {{extinct}}[[Biarmosuchia]] |
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'''''Ivantosaurus''''' is an [[extinct]] [[genus]] of [[therapsid]] that lived in [[Russia]] during the [[Wordian]] stage of the [[Permian]] period, named in honor of [[Ivan Antonovich Efremov]] |
'''''Ivantosaurus''''' is an [[extinct]] [[genus]] of [[therapsid]] that lived in [[Russia]] during the [[Wordian]] stage of the [[Permian]] period, named in honor of paleontologist [[Ivan Antonovich Efremov]].<ref name=":0"/> |
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==Description== |
==Description== |
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[[File:Ivantosaurus.jpg|left|thumb|[[Paleoart|Life restoration]]]] |
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It is known only from the fragmentary remains of its jaw. Maxilla short and high. Its skull was long, about a meter in length. It was carnivorous and may have grown to a length of 6 meters, approx. Ivantosaurus would have been the largest carnivorous [[therapsid]] known, exceeding in size even the largest Late Wordian/early Capitanian [[anteosaur]]s.{{Citation needed|date=August 2019}} |
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''Ivantosaurus'' is based on a very fragmentary skull, consisting of 2 partial maxillae and a quadrate.<ref name=":0">{{Cite journal|last=Tchudinov|first=P. K.|date=1983|title=Early Therapsids|url=http://ocher.biblioteka-perm.ru/upload/pages/42199/dat_1507888790536.pdf#page=68|journal=Proceedings of the Paleontological Institute|volume=202|pages=66-70|lang=ru|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210815111704/http://ocher.biblioteka-perm.ru/upload/pages/42199/dat_1507888790536.pdf#page=68|archive-date=August 15, 2021|url-status=live}}</ref> The specimen was discovered in the Perm Region of the Ochersky District, Russia. Fossils from the region date to the Upper Kazanian Substage of the Upper Permian, making it one of the latest Therapsids known. It was carnivorous and may have grown to a length of {{cvt|6|m}}.<ref name=Eotitanosuchidae>{{cite web|title=Eotitanosuchidae |url=http://www.kheper.net/evolution/therapsida/Eotitanosuchidae.html|website=Kheper|publisher=M.Alan Kazlev |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190806075958/http://www.kheper.net/evolution/therapsida/Eotitanosuchidae.html |archive-date=6 August 2019 |access-date=9 September 2022}}</ref> ''Ivantosaurus'' would have been the largest carnivorous [[therapsid]] known, exceeding in size even the largest Late Wordian/early Capitanian [[anteosaur]]s.<ref name=":0"/> |
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===Teeth=== |
===Teeth=== |
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Two canine teeth are set side-to-side in ''Ivantosaurus''' jaw and with their axes inclined forward. It is possible that this therapsid had a unique dentition (no other known animal has two sets of canine teeth), but more likely that a replacement tooth was growing in next to the old tooth about to be lost. Sigogneau-Russell (1989) seems to think this is unlikely, which would make this a quite different animal from ''[[Eotitanosuchus]]''. As with the [[therocephalian]] family [[Lycosuchidae]], these may simply be replacement canines. There are few known animals, living or extinct, with two sets of canines (it would be a very inefficient chewing mechanism). |
Two canine teeth are set side-to-side in ''Ivantosaurus''' jaw and with their axes inclined forward. It is possible that this therapsid had a unique dentition (no other known animal has two sets of canine teeth), but more likely that a replacement tooth was growing in next to the old tooth about to be lost. Sigogneau-Russell (1989) seems to think this is unlikely, which would make this a quite different animal from ''[[Eotitanosuchus]]''. As with the [[therocephalian]] family [[Lycosuchidae]], these may simply be replacement canines. There are few known animals, living or extinct, with two sets of canines (it would be a very inefficient chewing mechanism).<ref name=Eotitanosuchidae/> |
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==See also== |
==See also== |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
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==Sources== |
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* {{cite book|title=The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia|year=2003|publisher=Benton, Michael J.; Shishkin, Mikhail A.; Unwin, David M|pages=91–92}} |
* {{cite book|title=The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia|year=2003|publisher=Benton, Michael J.; Shishkin, Mikhail A.; Unwin, David M|pages=91–92}} |
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== External links == |
== External links == |
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* [http://www.kheper.net/evolution/therapsida/Eotitanosuchidae.html Eotitanosuchidae] at Kheper |
* [http://www.kheper.net/evolution/therapsida/Eotitanosuchidae.html Eotitanosuchidae] {{Webarchive|url=https://web.archive.org/web/20070520010121/http://www.kheper.net/evolution/therapsida/Eotitanosuchidae.html |date=2007-05-20 }} at Kheper |
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* [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/therapsida/biarmosuchidae.html#Biarmosuchia Therapsida: Biarmosuchia: Biarmosuchidae / Eotitanosuchidae] at Palaeos |
* [http://palaeos.com/vertebrates/therapsida/biarmosuchidae.html#Biarmosuchia Therapsida: Biarmosuchia: Biarmosuchidae / Eotitanosuchidae] at Palaeos |
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Latest revision as of 12:48, 22 February 2024
 | This article needs additional citations for verification. (February 2022) |
| Ivantosaurus Temporal range: Wordian,
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| Scientific classification | |
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| Genus: | †Ivantosaurus Tchudinov, 1983
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| Type species | |
| †Ivantosaurus ensifer Tchudinov, 1983
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Ivantosaurus is an extinct genus of therapsid that lived in Russia during the Wordian stage of the Permian period, named in honor of paleontologist Ivan Antonovich Efremov.[1]
Description[edit]
Ivantosaurus is based on a very fragmentary skull, consisting of 2 partial maxillae and a quadrate.[1] The specimen was discovered in the Perm Region of the Ochersky District, Russia. Fossils from the region date to the Upper Kazanian Substage of the Upper Permian, making it one of the latest Therapsids known. It was carnivorous and may have grown to a length of 6 m (20 ft).[2] Ivantosaurus would have been the largest carnivorous therapsid known, exceeding in size even the largest Late Wordian/early Capitanian anteosaurs.[1]
Teeth[edit]
Two canine teeth are set side-to-side in Ivantosaurus' jaw and with their axes inclined forward. It is possible that this therapsid had a unique dentition (no other known animal has two sets of canine teeth), but more likely that a replacement tooth was growing in next to the old tooth about to be lost. Sigogneau-Russell (1989) seems to think this is unlikely, which would make this a quite different animal from Eotitanosuchus. As with the therocephalian family Lycosuchidae, these may simply be replacement canines. There are few known animals, living or extinct, with two sets of canines (it would be a very inefficient chewing mechanism).[2]
See also[edit]
References[edit]
- ^ a b c Tchudinov, P. K. (1983). "Early Therapsids" (PDF). Proceedings of the Paleontological Institute (in Russian). 202: 66–70. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 15, 2021.
- ^ a b "Eotitanosuchidae". Kheper. M.Alan Kazlev. Archived from the original on 6 August 2019. Retrieved 9 September 2022.
Sources[edit]
- The Age of Dinosaurs in Russia and Mongolia. Benton, Michael J.; Shishkin, Mikhail A.; Unwin, David M. 2003. pp. 91–92.
External links[edit]
- Eotitanosuchidae Archived 2007-05-20 at the Wayback Machine at Kheper
- Therapsida: Biarmosuchia: Biarmosuchidae / Eotitanosuchidae at Palaeos
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