Potternewton: Difference between revisions

Coordinates: 53°49′13″N 1°32′00″W / 53.8202°N 1.5332°W / 53.8202; -1.5332
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{{Use British English|date=March 2017}}
{{Use British English|date=March 2017}}


'''Potternewton''' (until recently also '''Potter Newton''') is a suburb and [[Church of England parish church|parish]] between [[Chapeltown, West Yorkshire|Chapeltown]] and [[Chapel Allerton]] in north-east [[Leeds]], [[West Yorkshire]], England. It is in the [[Chapel Allerton (ward)|Chapel Allerton ward]] of [[Leeds City Council]].
'''Potternewton''' also '''Potter Newton''' is a suburb and [[Church of England parish church|parish]] between [[Chapeltown, West Yorkshire|Chapeltown]] and [[Chapel Allerton]] in north-east [[Leeds]], [[West Yorkshire]], England. It is in the [[Chapel Allerton (ward)|Chapel Allerton ward]] of [[Leeds City Council]].
[[File:PotternewtonParkLeeds.jpg|thumb|right|Potternewton Park]]
[[File:PotternewtonParkLeeds.jpg|thumb|right|Potternewton Park]]
[[File:PotternewtonSkate.jpg|thumb|right|Skate park in Potternewton Park]]
[[File:PotternewtonSkate.jpg|thumb|right|Skate park in Potternewton Park]]
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==Etymology==
==Etymology==
The name is first attested in the twelfth century, simply as ''Neuton'' and ''Neuthon''. This name comes from [[Old English]] ''nīwe'' ('new') and ''tūn'' ('farmstead, estate'), thus originally meaning 'new farmstead'. The name first appears with the addition of 'potter' in the thirteenth century, as ''Pottersneuton'', ''Neuton Potter'', ''Potterneuton'' and ''Potter Newton''. This must be because pottery industry had developed there, and to distinguish the village from the many other [[List of places called Newton in the United Kingdom|villages called Newton]] in the country.<ref name=":0">Harry Parkin, ''Your City's Place-Names: Leeds'', English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 82.</ref>
The name is attested in the twelfth century as ''Neuton'' and ''Neuthon''. The name is from the [[Old English]] ''nīwe'' meaning new and ''tūn'' a farmstead or estate. The name appears with the addition of 'potter' in the thirteenth century, as ''Pottersneuton'', ''Neuton Potter'', ''Potterneuton'' and ''Potter Newton'' because a pottery industry had developed to distinguish it from many other [[List of places called Newton in the United Kingdom|villages called Newton]] in the country.<ref name=":0">Harry Parkin, ''Your City's Place-Names: Leeds'', English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 82.</ref>

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Potternewton once included Allerton Gledhow. The name ''Allerton'' comes from the [[Old English]] ''alor'', an alder tree, in its [[genitive]] [[plural]] form ''alra'', and the word ''tūn'' meaning 'farmstead of the alder trees'. The element ''Gledhow'' refers to the nearby [[Gledhow|settlement of the same name]], distinguishing it from nearby places such as [[Chapel Allerton]], [[Moor Allerton]], and [[Allerton Bywater]].<ref>Harry Parkin, ''Your City's Place-Names: Leeds'', English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 73.</ref>


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Potternewton once included the place Allerton Gledhow. The name ''Allerton'' comes from the [[Old English]] word ''alor'' ('alder tree'), in its [[genitive]] [[plural]] form ''alra'', and the word ''tūn'' ('farmstead, estate'). Thus it originally meant 'farmstead of the alder trees'. The element ''Gledhow'' refers to the nearby [[Gledhow|settlement of the same name]], distinguishing the place from nearby places such as [[Chapel Allerton]], [[Moor Allerton]], and [[Allerton Bywater]].<ref>Harry Parkin, ''Your City's Place-Names: Leeds'', English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 73.</ref>
==History==
==History==
[[File:Potternewton_map_from_1842.jpg|thumb|1842 map of Potternewton; Potternewton Hall, Newton Hall, Newton Green Hall, lodges, farms and out-buildings]]
[[File:Potternewton map from 1842.jpg|thumb|1842 map of Potternewton; Potternewton Hall, Newton Hall, Newton Green Hall, lodges, farms and out-buildings]]
Potternewton was already the site of pottery manufacture in the [[Roman Britain|Roman]] period.<ref name=":0" /> Coal was mined and stone was quarried. Over time the manor belonged to the Mauleverers, the Scotts of Scott Hall, the Hardwicks and in 1870 belonged to the Earl of Mexborough.<ref name=Vision>{{cite web|title=Potter Newton West Riding|url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/21599|publisher=Vision of Britain |accessdate=5 August 2017}}</ref>
Potternewton was the site of pottery manufacture in the [[Roman Britain|Roman]] period.<ref name=":0" /> Over time the manor belonged to the Mauleverers, the Scotts of Scott Hall, the Hardwicks and in 1870 belonged to the Earl of Mexborough.<ref name=Vision>{{cite web|title=Potter Newton West Riding|url=http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/place/21599|publisher=Vision of Britain |access-date=5 August 2017}}</ref>


[[Lord of the manor|Lords of the manor]], the [[Earl of Mexborough]] and [[Earl Cowper]] sold parts of their estates in the 1700s and litigated until the early 1800s as to who legally owned the land. Around this time, James Brown owned the [[copyhold]] of much of the area that became known as [[Chapeltown, Leeds|Chapeltown]].<ref>{{cite web |last1=Westwood |first1=S. |title=Imagining Cities |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=LX5aDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT192&dq=mexborough+cowper+disputes&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj2uJ7n_vDfAhXJuY8KHRNkCxoQ6AEIKDAA#v=onepage&q=mexborough%20cowper%20disputes&f=false |publisher=Routledge|date= 11 May 2018 |accessdate=16 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Moorhouse |first1=S. |title=West Yorkshire : an Archaeological Survey |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=hWkvAAAAMAAJ&q=Mesne+Lordship++of+Potternewton&dq=Mesne+Lordship++of+Potternewton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjl0-PKk_HfAhWZfn0KHfs8CJ4Q6AEIKDAA |publisher=West Yorkshire Metropolitan County Council|date= 1981 |accessdate=16 January 2019 |pages=480–481}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Great Britain. Court of Chancery, Thomas Vernon, John Raithby |title=Cases Argued and Adjudged in the High Court of Chancery |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=vVxGAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA651&dq=he++was++a+Mesne+lord++under+earl+cowper++Brown&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwifqPepl_HfAhUPfCsKHbHZBrAQ6AEINjAC#v=onepage&q=he%20%20was%20%20a%20Mesne%20lord%20%20under%20earl%20cowper%20%20Brown&f=false |publisher=J. Butterworth and Son, 1828 |accessdate=16 January 2019 |page=651 }}</ref>
The [[Earl of Mexborough]] and [[Earl Cowper]] sold parts of their estates in the 1700s and litigated until the early 1800s as to who legally owned the land. Around this time James Brown owned much of the area that became known as [[Chapeltown, Leeds|Chapeltown]].<ref>{{cite book |last1=Westwood |first1=S. |title=Imagining Cities |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LX5aDwAAQBAJ&q=mexborough+cowper+disputes&pg=PT192 |publisher=Routledge|date= 11 May 2018 |isbn=9781351171182 |access-date=16 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Moorhouse |first1=S. |title=West Yorkshire : an Archaeological Survey |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hWkvAAAAMAAJ&q=Mesne+Lordship++of+Potternewton |publisher=West Yorkshire Metropolitan County Council|date= 1981 |access-date=16 January 2019 |pages=480–481|isbn=9780861810017 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Great Britain. Court of Chancery, Thomas Vernon, John Raithby |title=Cases Argued and Adjudged in the High Court of Chancery |year=1828 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=vVxGAAAAYAAJ&q=he++was++a+Mesne+lord++under+earl+cowper++Brown&pg=RA1-PA651 |publisher=J. Butterworth and Son |access-date=16 January 2019 |page=651 }}</ref>


In "the first year of the sixteenth century" the Low Hall or Newton Hall estate was worth 300 pounds a year.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Parsons |first1=E. |title=The Civil, Ecclesiastical, Literary, Commercial, and Miscellaneous History of Leeds, Halifax, Huddersfield, Bradford, Wakefield, Dewsbury, Otley |year=1834 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=y0toedREdAIC&q=Thoresby++Low++Hall++Potternewton&pg=PA202 |publisher=F. Hobson 1834 |access-date=15 January 2019|page=202 }}</ref> In the 18th century, the Barker/Ray family owned Newton Hall (Low Hall) which [[Ralph Thoresby]] described as a "venerable old fabric" and built Potternewton Hall, the "upper house", for the widow, Mrs Barker, to retire to in the 1730s.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Barker |first1=E. |title=The Will of M. A. M. Faber, with Facts and Observations Proving Its ... |year=1821 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=q31hAAAAcAAJ&q=edmund+cowper+++barker++estate++++potternewton&pg=PA5 |publisher=Edmund Henry Barker 1821 |access-date=15 January 2019 |pages=24–28}}</ref>
===Newton Hall and Potternewton Hall===
[[File:Potternewton Hall Estate; home of Olive Middleton (nee Lupton) and her cousin Baroness von Schunck (nee Kate Lupton).jpg|thumb|Potternewton Hall, built {{circa|1730}}]]
In the 18th century, the Barker/Ray family owned Newton Hall, known as Low Hall, which [[Ralph Thoresby]] described as "venerable old fabric, standing low and shady". In 1600, the Low Hall estate was worth 300 pounds a year. The family built Potternewton Hall, the upper house, for the widow, Mrs Barker, to retire to in the 1730s.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Barker |first1=E. |title=The Will of M. A. M. Faber, with Facts and Observations Proving Its ... |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=q31hAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA5&dq=edmund++barker++estate++++potternewton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjx5eG09e7fAhXbV30KHeEkANAQ6AEILTAB#v=onepage&q=edmund%20cowper%20%20%20barker%20%20estate%20%20%20%20potternewton&f=false |publisher=Edmund Henry Barker 1821 |accessdate=15 January 2019 |page=24-28}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Parsons |first1=E. |title=The Civil, Ecclesiastical, Literary, Commercial, and Miscellaneous History of Leeds, Halifax, Huddersfield, Bradford, Wakefield, Dewsbury, Otley |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=y0toedREdAIC&pg=PA202&lpg=PA202&dq=Thoresby++Low++Hall++Potternewton&source=bl&ots=5o94Kcgd42&sig=8IoyzfIIUnFRp-wjr68bLfNc_Iw&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiwzre3gu_fAhUJfn0KHeIzBBQQ6AEwBXoECAMQAQ#v=onepage&q=Thoresby%20%20Low%20%20Hall%20%20Potternewton&f=false |publisher=F. Hobson 1834 |accessdate=15 January 2019|page=202 |quote=Newton Hall (otherwise Low Hall)}}</ref>
[[File:Potternewton Park Mansion.jpg|thumb|Built {{circa|1817}}. The mansion at Potternewton Park from a postcard postmarked October 1909.]]
By the early 19th century a number of mansions, some with extensive grounds, had been built around the Potternewton and Chapeltown roads: The Scott family owned the mid-18th century [[Scott Hall, Leeds|Scott Hall]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Scott Hall – SALE |url=https://www.thehouseshop.com/property-for-sale/scott-hall-farm-scott-hall-street-leeds-ls7-2hr/1561032 |publisher=The Houseshop |access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref> Woollen merchant James Brown owned Harehills Grove, which was built around 1817.<ref name=PNPM>{{cite web|title=Potternewton Park Mansion, Harehills Lane|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2004713_7084292|work=Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds|publisher=UK Gov Leeds City Council|access-date=29 August 2014}}</ref> The Jowitt family who owned the 750-acre estate in 1861, sold it and back-to-back terraced houses were built on it. The house and its 30-acre park were bought by Leeds Corporation to create [[Potternewton Park]] in 1900. The house had been renamed Potternewton Mansion by the time it opened to the public in 1906. After 1929 the house was used for educational purposes.<ref name=PNPM /> The [[Leeds Carnival]] procession starts and finishes in Potternewton Park.


By the early 19th&nbsp;century a number of mansions, some with extensive grounds, had been established around the Potternewton and Chapeltown roads: James Brown owned Harehills Grove which was renamed Potternewton Park Mansion,<ref name=PNPM>{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Potternewton Park Mansion, Harehills Lane|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2004713_7084292|work=Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds|publisher=UK Gov Leeds City Council|accessdate=29 August 2014}}</ref> the Scott family owned the mid-18th century [[Scott Hall, Leeds|Scott Hall]]<ref>{{cite web |title=Scott Hall – SALE |url=https://www.thehouseshop.com/property-for-sale/scott-hall-farm-scott-hall-street-leeds-ls7-2hr/1561032 |publisher=The Houseshop |accessdate=17 January 2019}}</ref> and Potternewton Lodge, Newton Green Hall, Potternewton Hall and the adjacent Newton Hall Estates were owned by the [[Lupton family]]. The Earl of Mexborough's landholdings at Newton Hall (Low Hall and close), its surrounding parkland, farmhouse, fields, farm, stables and cottages, were owned by [[Lupton family|Arthur Lupton]] in 1845. The [[surveyor]] Henry Teal divided the land remaining in the earl's possession into lots for sale.<ref>{{cite web |last1=Brown |first1=W. |author1= |title=Yorkshire Deeds:, Volume 1–10 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=YlHpGU3I7KIC&printsec=frontcover&dq=Earl+Mexborough+Cowper+Potternewton+copyhold&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwih97nVufPfAhVDWH0KHdHcDYsQ6AEIUDAI#v=onepage&q&f=false |publisher=Cambridge University Press|date= 14 February 2013 |origyear= 1909–1955 |accessdate=17 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite report |first=Colin |last=Treen |title=The Thoresby Society – The Society’s Archives (Sales Particulars) |date=2018 |url=https://www.thoresby.org.uk/content/library/sales.php |publisher=The Thoresby Society}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sale – The Newton Hall Estate – Containing about 50 acres|url=http://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=newton%20hall%20estate%20%20%20about%2050%20acres&county=west%20yorkshire%2c%20england|work=Leeds Intelligencer |location=West Yorkshire, England |date= 16 June 1866|accessdate=20 September 2017|quote=....comprising about 50 acres, consists of the park, the farmstead, and the meadow fields, all in a ring fence front of the house: closely adjoining a Farm, of about 10 acres, with a good farmhouse, stables, and cottages: a small field of about one acre, called...(also,...Leeds Intelligencer West Yorkshire, England – 21st January 1860 – PRELIMINARY ADVERTISEMENT. POTTERNEWTON HALL ESTATE.— This valuable Estate, consisting of Potternewton Hall, and about 47 Acres of Land, lying in elevated....)}}</ref>
Potternewton Lodge, Newton Green Hall, Potternewton Hall and Newton Hall were owned by the [[Lupton family]]. [[Lupton family|Arthur Lupton]] bought Newton Hall and 50 acres of land from the Earl of Mexborough in 1845. The [[surveyor]] Henry Teal divided the rest of the earl's land into lots for sale.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Brown |first1=W. |title=Yorkshire Deeds:, Volume 1–10 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=YlHpGU3I7KIC&q=Earl+Mexborough+Cowper+Potternewton+copyhold |publisher=Cambridge University Press|date= 14 February 2013 |isbn=9781108058407 |orig-year= 1909–1955 |access-date=17 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite report |first=Colin |last=Treen |title=The Thoresby Society – The Society's Archives (Sales Particulars) |date=2018 |url=https://www.thoresby.org.uk/content/library/sales.php |publisher=The Thoresby Society}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sale – The Newton Hall Estate – Containing about 50 acres|url=http://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=newton%20hall%20estate%20%20%20about%2050%20acres&county=west%20yorkshire%2c%20england|work=Leeds Intelligencer|date= 16 June 1866|access-date=20 September 2017}}</ref>
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[[File:Newton Park Union Church Chapeltown.jpg|thumb|The foundation stone of Newton Park Union Church was laid by [[Sir John Barran, 1st Baronet|Sir John Barran]] in 1887.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEW BAPTIST AND CONGREGATIONAL UNION CHURCH IN LEEDS |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=vcongregationalits%20%20barran%20john%20%20church&county=yorkshire%2c%20england&from=1885&to=1889&type=article |access-date=18 July 2020 |publisher=Leeds Mercury|date=8 October 1887}}</ref>]]

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Potternewton Hall was the residence of [[Lupton family|Darnton Lupton]].<ref>{{cite book |title=The Poll Book of the Leeds Borough Election, July, 1837. |date=1837 |publisher=R. Perring |page=28 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=g_g7B6FxaTgC&q=Darnton+Lupton++Potternewton++hall&pg=RA1-PA28 }}</ref> Another Lupton brother, [[Lupton family|Francis]], lived at Potternewton Hall from 1847 and had purchased the freehold of the estate by 1860. In 1870, Francis and Darnton Lupton purchased the Newton Hall estate from their brother.<ref name="YorkPress">{{cite news|last1=Laycock|first1=Mike|title=Duchess of Cambridge's links with stately home near York revealed|url=http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/11860310.Kate_s_links_to_North_Yorkshire_revealed/|work=The Press |date= 17 March 2015|access-date=19 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="CCAA">{{cite web|title=Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal|url=http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/chapeltown%20caa.pdf|publisher= Leeds City Council|access-date=20 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026143133/https://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/chapeltown%20caa.pdf |archive-date=26 October 2018}}</ref>
[[File:Potternewton Hall Estate; home of Olive Middleton (nee Lupton) and her cousin Baroness von Schunck (nee Kate Lupton).jpg|thumb|Potternewton Hall, built {{circa|1730}}, home of the [[Lupton family]]]][[File:Newton_Park_Union_Church_Chapeltown.jpg|thumb|The foundation stone of the Newton Park Union Church was laid by [[Sir John Barran, 1st Baronet|Sir John Barran]] in 1887<ref>{{cite news |title=NEW BAPTIST AND CONGREGATIONAL UNION CHURCH IN LEEDS |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=vcongregationalits%20%20barran%20john%20%20church&county=yorkshire%2c%20england&from=1885&to=1889&type=article |accessdate=18 July 2020 |publisher=Leeds Mercury Yorkshire, England |date=8 October 1887}}</ref>]]Across the field from Arthur at Newton Hall was Potternewton Hall, which, from [[circa|c.]]1837-1847, was the residence of his brother [[Lupton family|Darnton Lupton, Mayor of Leeds]] (1844-45) who had married his second wife in 1838.<ref>{{cite book |title=The Poll Book of the Leeds Borough Election, July, 1837. |date=1837 |publisher=R. Perring |page=28 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=g_g7B6FxaTgC&pg=RA1-PA28&dq=Darnton+Lupton++Potternewton++hall&hl=en&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiKitihq8nqAhVSzjgGHUjdAB0Q6AEwAnoECAEQAg#v=onepage&q=Darnton%20Lupton%20%20Potternewton%20%20hall&f=false |quote=Lupton, Darnton, house and land, Potternewton Hall, (Reg. Leeds)}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Pullan |first1=M. |title=The Monuments of the Parish Church of St. Peter-at-Leeds |date=2007 |publisher=Maney Publishing for The Thoresby Society [and] Leeds Philosophical and Literary Society |isbn=190598152X |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=i9_VAAAAMAAJ&q=Potternewton++Lupton&dq=Potternewton++Lupton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjFlKGVo_niAhXMbn0KHV9EDl0Q6AEIUzAJ |accessdate=21 June 2019|quote=...Sarah Lupton died young [1834]...His [Darnton's] second wife was Anna Jane Busk...They married in 1838 and lived at Potternewton Hall with their six children." .}}</ref><ref name="Burke's Peerage">{{cite book |title=Burke's Peerage Second World War Edition |url=https://www.burkespeerage.com/search_results.php?results=7 |publisher=Burke's Peerage |accessdate=4 January 2019|page=2944 }}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Leodis - A photographic archive of Leeds |url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2006815_161775&DISPLAY=FULL |website=Leodis - a photographic archive of Leeds |publisher=Leeds City Council |accessdate=25 July 2020 |quote=Arthur’s brother Darnton was Mayor of Leeds (1844-45) and was his neighbour, living across the field at Potternewton Hall from c.1837 till c.1847.}}</ref>

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Arthur and Darnton's brother, [[Lupton family|Francis]], lived at Potternewton Hall from 1847 and had purchased the freehold of the estate by 1860. Francis raised his family at the hall until {{circa|1860}}. In 1870, Francis and Darnton Lupton purchased the Newton Hall estate from their brother.<ref name="YorkPress">{{cite news|last1=Laycock|first1=Mike|title=Duchess of Cambridge's links with stately home near York revealed|url=http://www.yorkpress.co.uk/news/11860310.Kate_s_links_to_North_Yorkshire_revealed/|work=The Press |date= 17 March 2015|accessdate=19 March 2015}}</ref><ref name="CCAA">{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal|url=http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/chapeltown%20caa.pdf|publisher= Leeds City Council|accessdate=20 September 2017 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181026143133/https://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/chapeltown%20caa.pdf |archivedate=26 October 2018}}</ref>
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In the 1870s, the Potternewton township, covering 1,667 acres about two miles north of Leeds, comprised the villages of New Leeds, part of Buslingthorpe and the hamlets of [[Gipton]], [[Harehills]], and Squire-Pastures.
====Newton Park Union Church====
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Whilst at Newton Hall, Arthur Lupton had supported the Potternewton [[Congregationalist|Independent/Congregationalist]] Chapel and in 1870, Francis and Darnton "quickly accommodated" the building of a new Independent/Congregationalist chapel on their estate. The chapel was designed by architect W.H. Harris. By 1887, the eastern side of the chapel had a new church abutting it; the Newton Park (Union) Congregational/[[Baptist church|Baptist]] Church. It was designed by architect Archibald Neill in the 14th century [[Decorated Gothic]] style. Neill also designed the estate's shopping parade on Chapeltown Road. By 1952, the Newton Park Union Church was no longer a church but was in use as the [[Royal Air Force|Royal Air Force Association Club]] and the original 1870 Lupton family chapel at the rear was the premises of the Old Central Hebrew Congregational [[Synagogue]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Leodis - A photographic archive of Leeds |url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2006815_161775&DISPLAY=FULL |website=Leodis - A photographic archive of Leeds |publisher=Leeds City Council |accessdate=25 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Wolffe |first1=J. |title=Yorkshire Returns of the 1851 Census of Religious Worship: West Riding (North) |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=_ilNP-o-WOUC&pg=PA150&dq=Congregational+++Chapel+Potternewton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwiE37K8id7fAhXBdN4KHfroAOMQ6AEIMzAC#v=onepage&q=Congregational%20%20%20Chapel%20Potternewton&f=false |publisher=Borthwick Publications|year= 2000 |accessdate=9 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mayhall |first1=J. |title=The Annals of Yorkshire: From the Earliest Period to the Present Time, Volume 3 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=0ws5AQAAMAAJ&q=Potternewton+hall+Estate+Leeds+Congregational&dq=Potternewton+hall+Estate+Leeds+Congregational&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwj1pr6Lld7fAhWEvrwKHetWDGQQ6AEIKzAA |publisher=Simpkin, Marshall & Company||year= 1848 |page= 440 |accessdate=9 January 2019}}</ref>


By the outbreak of the Second World War, Newton Hall and Potternewton Hall had been demolished and the city's largest private housing estate was built on their surrounding land.<ref name="entrance gates">{{cite web|title=Potternewton, entrance gates|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20081113_167862|work=Leodis – A photographic History of Leeds|publisher= Leeds City Council|access-date=20 September 2017}}</ref><ref name="Leeds City Council">{{cite web|title=Potternewton Hall, Potternewton Lane|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20081113_167864|work=Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds|publisher= Leeds City Council|access-date=29 August 2014}}</ref>
Following Darnton Lupton's death in 1873, Francis inherited the estate and the [[Anglican]] St Martin's Church was built in 1879 near Newton Hall Lodge.<ref>{{NHLE |desc=Former lodge to Newton Hall with gate piers and flanking wall |num=1255604 |accessdate=12 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Bebbington |first1=D. |title=Gladstone Centenary Essays |publisher=Liverpool University Press |year= 2000 |page=157|url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=atppAtHeIX8C&pg=PA149&dq=Lupton+newton+park+congregational+chapel&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjsm-Xi0d_fAhUKbbwKHZzcDdQQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=Lupton%20newton%20park%20congregational%20chapel&f=false |accessdate=9 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{NHLE |desc=Former Union Chapel and Congregational Chapel |num=1255644 |accessdate=10 January 2019}}</ref>


Francis Lupton's son, [[Lupton family|Francis Martineau Lupton]] inherited the estate where his daughter, [[Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge|Olive]], grew up at Rockland, an [[Arts and Crafts]] stone-built house.<ref>{{cite web |title=Leodis - A photographic archive of Leeds: Rockland; home of Francis Martineau Lupton and daughter Olive Middleton |url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2004713_58150882 |publisher=Leeds City Council |access-date=16 December 2020}}</ref>
⚫
In the 1870s, the Potternewton township, covering 1,667 acres about two miles north of Leeds, comprised the villages of New Leeds, part of Buslingthorpe and the hamlets of [[Gipton]], [[Harehills]], and Squire-Pastures.


==Churches and chapels==
⚫
Diaries of Katherine Roubiliac Conder (1860–1948), granddaughter of [[Edward Baines (1800–1890)|Sir Edward Baines]], record her father, Eustace Conder, preaching at Newton Park Chapel in 1874. [[Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone]] worshipped there in May 1880. In March 1880, [[Gladstonian liberalism]] was at its peak at Newton Park; [[Sir John Barran, 1st Baronet|Sir John Barran]] talked of himself and Herbert Gladstone, the Liberal [[Member of Parliament|M.P.]] for Leeds, as being "one man".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bebbington |first1=D. |title=Gladstone Centenary Essays |publisher=Liverpool University Press|year= 2000 |pages=138–152 |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=atppAtHeIX8C&pg=PA149&dq=Lupton+newton+park+congregational+chapel&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjsm-Xi0d_fAhUKbbwKHZzcDdQQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=Lupton%20newton%20park%20congregational%20chapel&f=false |accessdate=9 January 2019}}</ref> The ''[[Leeds Mercury]]'' reported on 8 October 1887 that the laying of the foundation stone ceremony "will be performed by Mr. J. Barran, M.P. [later Sir], on behalf of the Baptists, and by Mr. E. Crossley, M.P., on behalf of the Congregationalists”.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEW BAPTIST AND CONGREGATIONAL UNION CHURCH IN LEEDS |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=vcongregationalits%20%20barran%20john%20%20church&county=yorkshire%2c%20england&from=1885&to=1889&type=article |accessdate=18 July 2020 |work=Leeds Mercury |location=Yorkshire, England |date=8 October 1887}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | first=D. T. |last=Jenkins | title=Barran family (per. c.1842–1952) |publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2004 | url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/52614 | accessdate=28 November 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Leodis - A photographic archive of Leeds |url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2006815_161775&DISPLAY=FULL |website=Leodis - A photographic archive of Leeds |publisher=Leeds City Council |accessdate=25 July 2020}}</ref>
⚫
Arthur Lupton supported building the old Potternewton [[Congregationalist]] Chapel and in 1870, a chapel designed by architect W. H. Harris, shared by Congregationalists and [[Baptists]], was built on the Newton Hall Estate. By 1887, Newton Park Union Church, designed in the 14th century [[Decorated Gothic]] style by architect Archibald Neill, had been built at the east side of the chapel. By 1952, after deconsecration, the church was used as the [[Royal Air Force|Royal Air Force Association Club]] and became a Sikh temple in the 1960s. The 1870 chapel was used for a time as the Old Central Hebrew Congregational [[Synagogue]].<ref>{{cite web |title=Leodis |url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2006815_161775&DISPLAY=FULL |website=Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds |publisher=Leeds City Council |access-date=25 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Wolffe |first1=J. |title=Yorkshire Returns of the 1851 Census of Religious Worship: West Riding (North) |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=_ilNP-o-WOUC&q=Congregational+++Chapel+Potternewton&pg=PA150 |publisher=Borthwick Publications|year= 2000 |isbn=9781904497103 |access-date=9 January 2019}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |last1=Mayhall |first1=J. |title=The Annals of Yorkshire: From the Earliest Period to the Present Time, Volume 3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0ws5AQAAMAAJ&q=Potternewton+hall+Estate+Leeds+Congregational |publisher=Simpkin, Marshall & Company|year= 1848 |page= 440 |access-date=9 January 2019}}</ref>
⚫
[[File:StMartinsPotter2.jpg|thumb|right|St Martin's Church (1879–81)]]
⚫
St Martin's Church, the [[Anglican]] [[parish church]], off Chapeltown Road was built in 1879–1881 on land owned by the Lupton family.<ref>{{NHLE |desc=Church of St Martin, St Martin's View – Potternewton |num=1256154 |access-date=25 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Conservation Area Appraisal|first1=Chapeltown|title=Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal|url=http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/Conservation%20Area%20Appraisal.pdf|publisher=UK GOV. Leeds City Council|access-date=29 August 2013|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903082621/http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/Conservation%20Area%20Appraisal.pdf|archive-date=3 September 2014}}</ref> The site for St Martin's had been confirmed in June 1876. The church, designed by [[Adams & Kelly]] of Leeds, was consecrated in 1881.<ref name="Potternewton">{{cite web | url=http://www.leodis.org/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20071022_165014 | title=St. Martin's Church | work=Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds | access-date=1 March 2014}}</ref> It was built of stone from local quarries. The [[stained glass]] was designed by [[Charles Eamer Kempe]].<ref>{{NHLE |desc=St Martin's Church, St Martin's View, Potternewton |num=1256154 |access-date=6 March 2019}} </ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Spark |first1=W. |title=Musical Reminiscences: Past and Present |url=https://archive.org/details/musicalreminisc01spargoog |publisher=Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Company|year= 1892 |access-date=6 March 2019}}</ref> The original design had a steeple, but lack of funds prevented its construction. It now has a mainly West Indian congregation.<ref name="St Martin history">{{cite web | url=http://www.stmartinleeds.org.uk/history/ | title=History | publisher=St Martin's Church, Leeds | access-date=1 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="Chapeltown Road">{{cite web | url= http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=200456_19097536 | title=St Martin's Church, Chapeltown Road| work=Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds | access-date=8 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Broadbent|first1=Helen|title=Church Archives, St Martins Church|url=http://www.stmartinleeds.org.uk/history/church-archives/|work=St Martins Church, Potternewton|access-date=17 September 2014}}</ref>


⚫
Katherine Roubiliac Conder's diaries record her father, Eustace Conder, preaching at Newton Park Chapel in 1874. [[Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone]] worshipped there in May 1880. In March 1880, [[Gladstonian liberalism]] was at its peak at Newton Park; [[Sir John Barran, 1st Baronet|Sir John Barran]] talked of himself and Herbert Gladstone, the Liberal [[Member of Parliament|M.P.]] for Leeds, as being "one man".<ref>{{cite book |last1=Bebbington |first1=D. |title=Gladstone Centenary Essays |publisher=Liverpool University Press|year= 2000 |pages=138–152 |isbn=9780853239352 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=atppAtHeIX8C&q=Lupton+newton+park+congregational+chapel&pg=PA149 |access-date=9 January 2019}}</ref> The ''[[Leeds Mercury]]'' reported on 8 October 1887 that the ceremony of the laying of the foundation stone of the Newton Park Union Church "will be performed by Mr. J. Barran, M.P. (later Sir), on behalf of the Baptists, and by Mr. E. Crossley, M.P., on behalf of the Congregationalists”.<ref>{{cite news |title=NEW BAPTIST AND CONGREGATIONAL UNION CHURCH IN LEEDS |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=vcongregationalits%20%20barran%20john%20%20church&county=yorkshire%2c%20england&from=1885&to=1889&type=article |access-date=18 July 2020 |work=Leeds Mercury |location=Yorkshire, England |date=8 October 1887}}</ref><ref>{{cite encyclopedia | encyclopedia=Oxford Dictionary of National Biography | first=D. T. |last=Jenkins | title=Barran family (per. c.1842–1952) |publisher=Oxford University Press | year=2004 | url=http://www.oxforddnb.com/view/article/52614 | access-date=28 November 2007}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds |url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2006815_161775&DISPLAY=FULL |website=Leodis – A photographic archive of Leeds |publisher=Leeds City Council |access-date=25 July 2020}}</ref>
[[File:Francis_Lupton%27s_home_-_Newton_Green_Hall_Estate_-_prior_to_his_1847_marriage.jpg|thumb|Interior view of Newton Green Hall]]
⚫
The [[Georgian architecture|Georgian]] Newton Green Hall was part of Newton Park in the 1930s.<ref>{{cite news |title=OPEN GARDENS |url=https://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=newton%20green%20%20hall%20%20newton%20%20park&county=yorkshire%2c%20england&from=1903&to=1939&type=article |accessdate=5 August 2019 |publisher=Yorkshire Post and Leeds Intelligencer Yorkshire, England |date=5 July 1930}}</ref>

By the outbreak of the [[Second World War]], Newton Hall and Potternewton Hall had been demolished and replaced by the city's largest private housing estate.<ref name="entrance gates">{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Potternewton, entrance gates|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20081113_167862|work=Leodis – A photographic History of Leeds|publisher= Leeds City Council|accessdate=20 September 2017}}</ref><ref name="Leeds City Council">{{cite web|last1=|first1=|title=Potternewton Hall, Potternewton Lane|url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20081113_167864|work=Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds|publisher= Leeds City Council|accessdate=29 August 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|title=Sale – The Newton Hall Estate – Containing about 50 acres|url=http://www.genesreunited.co.uk/searchbna/results?memberlastsubclass=none&searchhistorykey=0&keywords=newton%20hall%20estate%20%20%20about%2050%20acres&county=west%20yorkshire%2c%20england|work=Leeds Intelligencer |location=West Yorkshire, England |date= 16 June 1866|accessdate=20 September 2017|quote=....comprising about 50 acres, consists of the park, the farmstead, and the meadow fields, all in a ring fence front of the house: closely adjoining a Farm, of about 10 acres, with a good farmhouse, stables, and cottages: a small field of about one acre, called...(also,...Leeds Intelligencer West Yorkshire, England – 21st January 1860 – PRELIMINARY ADVERTISEMENT. POTTERNEWTON HALL ESTATE.— This valuable Estate, consisting of Potternewton Hall, and about 47 Acres of Land, lying in elevated....)}}</ref>
[[File:1920 - Portion of map of Newton Park Estate, Potternewton, showing property inherited by Mrs Olive C. Middleton and her sister, Anne M. Lupton.jpg|thumb|Portion of 1920 Newton Park map showing property inherited by sisters [[Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge|Olive Middleton]] and [[Lupton family|Anne Lupton]]]]
Francis Lupton's son, politician [[Lupton family|Francis Martineau Lupton]] inherited the family estate where his daughter, [[Family of Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge|Olive Middleton (née Lupton)]] grew up at Rockland.<ref>{{cite web |last1=de Vries |first1=S. |title=Royal Marriages: Diana, Camilla, Kate & Meghan and princesses who did not live happily ever after |url=https://books.google.com.au/books?id=pZlxDwAAQBAJ&pg=PT460&dq=beechwood+potternewton+hall+lupton&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwihsZHN86zeAhUMuI8KHTuUBLgQ6AEILjAB#v=onepage&q=beechwood%20potternewton%20hall%20lupton&f=false |publisher=Pirgos Press |year=2018 |accessdate=30 October 2018 |quote=Francis Martineau Lupton was a wealthy mill owner and industrialist turned philanthropist who owned Potternewton/Newton Hall (Estate) in Leeds...}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |title=Leodis - A photographic archive of Leeds |url=http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=2006815_161775&DISPLAY=FULL |website=Leodis - A photographic archive of Leeds |publisher=Leeds City Council |accessdate=25 July 2020}}</ref>

===Potternewton Park Mansion and park===
[[File:Potternewton Park Mansion.jpg|thumb|Built {{circa|1817}}. The mansion at Potternewton Park from a postcard postmarked October 1909.]] Harehills Grove, another mansion, was built around 1817 for the woollen merchant James Brown. The Jowitt family owned it in 1861 and they later sold the 750 acre estate and back-to-back terraced houses were built on it. The house and its 30-acre park were bought by the Leeds Corporation to create [[Potternewton Park]] in 1900. By 1906 the house had been renamed Potternewton Mansion and was opened to the public in 1906. After 1929 the house was used for educational purposes.<ref name=PNPM />

The [[Leeds Carnival]] procession starts and finishes at Potternewton Park.


==21st century==
==21st century==
Transport Direct uses the names Potternewton and [[Chapeltown, Leeds|Chapeltown]] for separate areas. Potternewton is the small area around the north of Scott Hall Road around the Scott Hall Road/Potternewton Lane roundabout as most of the area is classified today as Chapeltown. [[West Yorkshire Metro]] and Transport Direct also identify the area as being in this location. Potternewton Lane is served by bus service 7.
Transport Direct uses the names Potternewton and [[Chapeltown, Leeds|Chapeltown]] for separate areas. Potternewton is the small area around the north of Scott Hall Road around the Scott Hall Road/Potternewton Lane roundabout as most of the area is classified today as Chapeltown. [[West Yorkshire Metro]] and Transport Direct also identify the area as being in this location. Potternewton Lane is served by bus service 7.


Millfield Primary School, formerly known as Potternewton Primary, is located on Potternewton Mount.
Mill Field Primary Academy, formerly known as Potternewton Primary School, is on Potternewton Mount. The school converted to academy status on 1 December 2020.<ref>[https://www.millfield.leeds.sch.uk/ Mill Field Primary Academy], accessed 19 January 2021</ref>

==St Martin's Church==
⚫
[[File:StMartinsPotter2.jpg|thumb|right|St Martin's Church, Newton Park Estate (1879–81)]]
⚫
St Martin's Church, the [[Anglican]] [[parish church]], off Chapeltown Road was built in 1879–1881 on land owned by the Lupton family.<ref>{{NHLE |desc=Church of St Martin, St Martin's View - Potternewton |num=1256154 |accessdate=25 July 2020}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Conservation Area Appraisal|first1=Chapeltown|title=Chapeltown Conservation Area Appraisal|url=http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/Conservation%20Area%20Appraisal.pdf|publisher=UK GOV. Leeds City Council|accessdate=29 August 2013|url-status=dead|archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20140903082621/http://www.leeds.gov.uk/docs/Conservation%20Area%20Appraisal.pdf|archivedate=3 September 2014}}</ref> The parish was formed after a meeting at the Leeds Church Institute in April 1876, presided over by the Vicar of Leeds, Dr Gott. The site for St Martin's had been confirmed in June 1876. The church, designed by [[Adams & Kelly]] of Leeds, was consecrated in 1881.<ref name="Potternewton">{{cite web | url=http://www.leodis.org/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=20071022_165014 | title=St. Martin's Church | work=Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds | accessdate=1 March 2014}}</ref> It was built of stone from local quarries. The [[stained glass]] was designed by [[Charles Eamer Kempe]].<ref>{{NHLE |desc=St Martin's Church, St Martin's View, Potternewton |num=1256154 |accessdate=6 March 2019}} </ref><ref>{{cite book |last1=Spark |first1=W. |title=Musical Reminiscences: Past and Present |url=https://archive.org/details/musicalreminisc01spargoog |publisher=Simpkin, Marshall, Hamilton, Kent & Company|year= 1892 |accessdate=6 March 2019}}</ref>

The original design for the church had a steeple, but lack of funds prevented its construction. St Martin's Church has a mainly West Indian congregation.<ref name="St Martin history">{{cite web | url=http://www.stmartinleeds.org.uk/history/ | title=History | publisher=St Martin's Church, Leeds | accessdate=1 March 2014}}</ref><ref name="Chapeltown Road">{{cite web | url= http://www.leodis.net/display.aspx?resourceIdentifier=200456_19097536 | title=St Martin's Church, Chapeltown Road| work=Leodis – a photographic archive of Leeds | accessdate=8 March 2014}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|last1=Broadbent|first1=Helen|title=Church Archives, St Martins Church|url=http://www.stmartinleeds.org.uk/history/church-archives/|work=St Martins Church, Potternewton|publisher=|accessdate=17 September 2014}}</ref>


== People of Potternewton ==
== People of Potternewton ==
*[[Charles Holroyd|Sir Charles Holroyd]] (1861–1917) Artist and museum curator<ref name=ODNB>{{cite ODNB |last=Herring |first=Sarah |freearticle= |date=30 May 2013 |edition=online |origyear=2004 |doi= |id=33961 |title=Holroyd, Sir Charles (1861–1917) |url=}}</ref>
*[[Charles Holroyd|Sir Charles Holroyd]] (1861–1917) Artist and museum curator<ref name=ODNB>{{cite ODNB |last=Herring |first=Sarah |date=30 May 2013 |edition=online |orig-year=2004 |id=33961 |title=Holroyd, Sir Charles (1861–1917) }}</ref>
*[[Joyce Gould, Baroness Gould of Potternewton]]
*[[Joyce Gould, Baroness Gould of Potternewton]]
*[[Lupton family]]
*[[Lupton family]]

==See also==
*[[Listed buildings in Leeds (Chapel Allerton Ward)]]


== References ==
== References ==

Latest revision as of 11:48, 9 December 2023

Potternewton also Potter Newton is a suburb and parish between Chapeltown and Chapel Allerton in north-east Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It is in the Chapel Allerton ward of Leeds City Council.

Potternewton Park
Skate park in Potternewton Park

Potternewton is bounded by Scott Hall Road to the west, Roundhay Road to the east and Harehills Lane to the north. The main thoroughfare is Chapeltown Road. The suburb is often considered to be part of Chapeltown. On older maps, Potternewton included the Chapeltown and Scott Hall areas and parts of Harehills. Potternewton is an historic village and many older maps prioritise its name over Chapeltown.[1]

Etymology[edit]

The name is attested in the twelfth century as Neuton and Neuthon. The name is from the Old English nīwe meaning new and tūn a farmstead or estate. The name appears with the addition of 'potter' in the thirteenth century, as Pottersneuton, Neuton Potter, Potterneuton and Potter Newton because a pottery industry had developed to distinguish it from many other villages called Newton in the country.[2]

Potternewton once included Allerton Gledhow. The name Allerton comes from the Old English alor, an alder tree, in its genitive plural form alra, and the word tūn meaning 'farmstead of the alder trees'. The element Gledhow refers to the nearby settlement of the same name, distinguishing it from nearby places such as Chapel Allerton, Moor Allerton, and Allerton Bywater.[3]

History[edit]

1842 map of Potternewton; Potternewton Hall, Newton Hall, Newton Green Hall, lodges, farms and out-buildings

Potternewton was the site of pottery manufacture in the Roman period.[2] Over time the manor belonged to the Mauleverers, the Scotts of Scott Hall, the Hardwicks and in 1870 belonged to the Earl of Mexborough.[4]

The Earl of Mexborough and Earl Cowper sold parts of their estates in the 1700s and litigated until the early 1800s as to who legally owned the land. Around this time James Brown owned much of the area that became known as Chapeltown.[5][6][7]

In "the first year of the sixteenth century" the Low Hall or Newton Hall estate was worth 300 pounds a year.[8] In the 18th century, the Barker/Ray family owned Newton Hall (Low Hall) which Ralph Thoresby described as a "venerable old fabric" and built Potternewton Hall, the "upper house", for the widow, Mrs Barker, to retire to in the 1730s.[9]

Potternewton Hall, built c. 1730
Built c. 1817. The mansion at Potternewton Park from a postcard postmarked October 1909.

By the early 19th century a number of mansions, some with extensive grounds, had been built around the Potternewton and Chapeltown roads: The Scott family owned the mid-18th century Scott Hall.[10] Woollen merchant James Brown owned Harehills Grove, which was built around 1817.[11] The Jowitt family who owned the 750-acre estate in 1861, sold it and back-to-back terraced houses were built on it. The house and its 30-acre park were bought by Leeds Corporation to create Potternewton Park in 1900. The house had been renamed Potternewton Mansion by the time it opened to the public in 1906. After 1929 the house was used for educational purposes.[11] The Leeds Carnival procession starts and finishes in Potternewton Park.

Potternewton Lodge, Newton Green Hall, Potternewton Hall and Newton Hall were owned by the Lupton family. Arthur Lupton bought Newton Hall and 50 acres of land from the Earl of Mexborough in 1845. The surveyor Henry Teal divided the rest of the earl's land into lots for sale.[12][13][14]

The foundation stone of Newton Park Union Church was laid by Sir John Barran in 1887.[15]

Potternewton Hall was the residence of Darnton Lupton.[16] Another Lupton brother, Francis, lived at Potternewton Hall from 1847 and had purchased the freehold of the estate by 1860. In 1870, Francis and Darnton Lupton purchased the Newton Hall estate from their brother.[17][18]

In the 1870s, the Potternewton township, covering 1,667 acres about two miles north of Leeds, comprised the villages of New Leeds, part of Buslingthorpe and the hamlets of Gipton, Harehills, and Squire-Pastures.

By the outbreak of the Second World War, Newton Hall and Potternewton Hall had been demolished and the city's largest private housing estate was built on their surrounding land.[19][20]

Francis Lupton's son, Francis Martineau Lupton inherited the estate where his daughter, Olive, grew up at Rockland, an Arts and Crafts stone-built house.[21]

Churches and chapels[edit]

Arthur Lupton supported building the old Potternewton Congregationalist Chapel and in 1870, a chapel designed by architect W. H. Harris, shared by Congregationalists and Baptists, was built on the Newton Hall Estate. By 1887, Newton Park Union Church, designed in the 14th century Decorated Gothic style by architect Archibald Neill, had been built at the east side of the chapel. By 1952, after deconsecration, the church was used as the Royal Air Force Association Club and became a Sikh temple in the 1960s. The 1870 chapel was used for a time as the Old Central Hebrew Congregational Synagogue.[22][23][24]

St Martin's Church (1879–81)

St Martin's Church, the Anglican parish church, off Chapeltown Road was built in 1879–1881 on land owned by the Lupton family.[25][26] The site for St Martin's had been confirmed in June 1876. The church, designed by Adams & Kelly of Leeds, was consecrated in 1881.[27] It was built of stone from local quarries. The stained glass was designed by Charles Eamer Kempe.[28][29] The original design had a steeple, but lack of funds prevented its construction. It now has a mainly West Indian congregation.[30][31][32]

Katherine Roubiliac Conder's diaries record her father, Eustace Conder, preaching at Newton Park Chapel in 1874. Herbert Gladstone, 1st Viscount Gladstone worshipped there in May 1880. In March 1880, Gladstonian liberalism was at its peak at Newton Park; Sir John Barran talked of himself and Herbert Gladstone, the Liberal M.P. for Leeds, as being "one man".[33] The Leeds Mercury reported on 8 October 1887 that the ceremony of the laying of the foundation stone of the Newton Park Union Church "will be performed by Mr. J. Barran, M.P. (later Sir), on behalf of the Baptists, and by Mr. E. Crossley, M.P., on behalf of the Congregationalists”.[34][35][36]

21st century[edit]

Transport Direct uses the names Potternewton and Chapeltown for separate areas. Potternewton is the small area around the north of Scott Hall Road around the Scott Hall Road/Potternewton Lane roundabout as most of the area is classified today as Chapeltown. West Yorkshire Metro and Transport Direct also identify the area as being in this location. Potternewton Lane is served by bus service 7.

Mill Field Primary Academy, formerly known as Potternewton Primary School, is on Potternewton Mount. The school converted to academy status on 1 December 2020.[37]

People of Potternewton[edit]

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ Godfrey, A. (8 August 2017). "Old Ordnance Survey Maps of Leeds". Consett, Co Durham: Alan Godfrey Maps.
  2. ^ a b Harry Parkin, Your City's Place-Names: Leeds, English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 82.
  3. ^ Harry Parkin, Your City's Place-Names: Leeds, English Place-Name Society City-Names Series, 3 (Nottingham: English Place-Names Society, 2017), p. 73.
  4. ^ "Potter Newton West Riding". Vision of Britain. Retrieved 5 August 2017.
  5. ^ Westwood, S. (11 May 2018). Imagining Cities. Routledge. ISBN 9781351171182. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  6. ^ Moorhouse, S. (1981). West Yorkshire : an Archaeological Survey. West Yorkshire Metropolitan County Council. pp. 480–481. ISBN 9780861810017. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
  7. ^ Great Britain. Court of Chancery, Thomas Vernon, John Raithby (1828). "Cases Argued and Adjudged in the High Court of Chancery". J. Butterworth and Son. p. 651. Retrieved 16 January 2019.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  8. ^ Parsons, E. (1834). "The Civil, Ecclesiastical, Literary, Commercial, and Miscellaneous History of Leeds, Halifax, Huddersfield, Bradford, Wakefield, Dewsbury, Otley". F. Hobson 1834. p. 202. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  9. ^ Barker, E. (1821). "The Will of M. A. M. Faber, with Facts and Observations Proving Its ..." Edmund Henry Barker 1821. pp. 24–28. Retrieved 15 January 2019.
  10. ^ "Scott Hall – SALE". The Houseshop. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  11. ^ a b "Potternewton Park Mansion, Harehills Lane". Leodis – A photographic history of Leeds. UK Gov Leeds City Council. Retrieved 29 August 2014.
  12. ^ Brown, W. (14 February 2013) [1909–1955]. Yorkshire Deeds:, Volume 1–10. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781108058407. Retrieved 17 January 2019.
  13. ^ Treen, Colin (2018). The Thoresby Society – The Society's Archives (Sales Particulars) (Report). The Thoresby Society.
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External links[edit]

Location grid[edit]

53°49′13″N 1°32′00″W / 53.8202°N 1.5332°W / 53.8202; -1.5332

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