Quercus ellipsoidalis: Difference between revisions

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| binomial authority = [[Ellsworth Jerome Hill|E.J.Hill]] (1899)
| binomial authority = [[Ellsworth Jerome Hill|E.J.Hill]] (1899)
| range map = Quercus ellipsoidalis range map 1.png
| range map = Quercus ellipsoidalis range map 1.png
| range map caption = Natural US range of ''Quercus ellipsoidalis''
| range map caption = Natural range
}}
}}


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Although the common name suggests an resemblance to the [[pin oak]] ''[[Quercus palustris|Q. palustris]]'', ''Q. ellipsoidalis'' has traditionally been thought to be closely related to the [[scarlet oak]] ''[[Quercus coccinea|Q. coccinea]]'', and was in fact included in that species by many botanists. Recent work suggests that there is more gene flow between Hill's oak and [[Quercus velutina|black oak]] ''[[Quercus velutina|Q. velutina]]'', but the phylogenetic position of these species is still uncertain (Hipp and Weber 2008). The morphological similarity between ''Q. ellipsoidalis'' and ''Q. coccinea'' remains a source of confusion, especially in northwestern Indiana and southern Cook County, Illinois.<ref>[http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/aspt/sb/2008/00000033/00000001 Hipp AL, JA Weber (2008) Systematic Botany 33: 148-158 ]</ref><ref>[http://systematics.mortonarb.org/lab/projects/Qellipsoidalis.html Ongoing research at The Morton Arboretum into the taxonomy of Hill's oak, including SEM images of the pubescence on the inner surface of the acorn cap]</ref>
Although the common name suggests an resemblance to the [[pin oak]] ''[[Quercus palustris|Q. palustris]]'', ''Q. ellipsoidalis'' has traditionally been thought to be closely related to the [[scarlet oak]] ''[[Quercus coccinea|Q. coccinea]]'', and was in fact included in that species by many botanists. Recent work suggests that there is more gene flow between Hill's oak and [[Quercus velutina|black oak]] ''[[Quercus velutina|Q. velutina]]'', but the phylogenetic position of these species is still uncertain (Hipp and Weber 2008). The morphological similarity between ''Q. ellipsoidalis'' and ''Q. coccinea'' remains a source of confusion, especially in northwestern Indiana and southern Cook County, Illinois.<ref>[http://www.ingentaconnect.com/content/aspt/sb/2008/00000033/00000001 Hipp AL, JA Weber (2008) Systematic Botany 33: 148-158 ]</ref><ref>[http://systematics.mortonarb.org/lab/projects/Qellipsoidalis.html Ongoing research at The Morton Arboretum into the taxonomy of Hill's oak, including SEM images of the pubescence on the inner surface of the acorn cap]</ref>
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{{commons category|position=left}}


''Quercus ellipsoidalis'' is a medium-sized [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to {{convert|20|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}} tall with an open, rounded crown. The [[leaf|leaves]] are glossy green, {{convert|7|-|13|cm|in|frac=4|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|5|-|10|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} broad, lobed, with five or seven lobes, and deep sinuses between the lobes. Each lobe has 3-7 bristle-tipped teeth. The leaf is nearly hairless, except for small tufts of pale orange-brown down where the lobe veins join the central vein. The [[acorn]]s tend to be ellipsoid ([[ellipse]]-shaped, from which its scientific name derives), though they tend to be highly variable and range to globose, {{convert|6|–|11|mm|in|frac=32|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|10|–|19|mm|in|frac=32|abbr=on}} broad, a third to a half covered in a deep cup, green maturing pale brown about 18 months after [[pollination]]; the kernel is very bitter. The inner surface of the acorn cap is glabrous (hairless) to sparsely or moderately pubescent, and the hairs if present tend to be kinky rather than straight.<ref>{{eFloras|1|233501027|Quercus ellipsoidalis}}</ref><ref>[http://quercus.lifedesks.org/pages/1161 Oaks of the Americas: ''Quercus ellipsoidalis'']</ref>
''Quercus ellipsoidalis'' is a medium-sized [[deciduous]] [[tree]] growing to {{convert|20|m|ft|abbr=off|sp=us}} tall with an open, rounded crown. The [[leaf|leaves]] are glossy green, {{convert|7|-|13|cm|in|frac=4|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|5|-|10|cm|in|0|abbr=on}} broad, lobed, with five or seven lobes, and deep sinuses between the lobes. Each lobe has 3-7 bristle-tipped teeth. The leaf is nearly hairless, except for small tufts of pale orange-brown down where the lobe veins join the central vein. The [[acorn]]s tend to be ellipsoid ([[ellipse]]-shaped, from which its scientific name derives), though they tend to be highly variable and range to globose, {{convert|6|–|11|mm|in|frac=32|abbr=on}} long and {{convert|10|–|19|mm|in|frac=32|abbr=on}} broad, a third to a half covered in a deep cup, green maturing pale brown about 18 months after [[pollination]]; the kernel is very bitter. The inner surface of the acorn cap is glabrous (hairless) to sparsely or moderately pubescent, and the hairs if present tend to be kinky rather than straight.<ref>{{eFloras|1|233501027|Quercus ellipsoidalis|family=Fagaceae |first=Kevin C. |last=Nixon}}</ref><ref>{{cite web |url=http://quercus.lifedesks.org/pages/1161 |website=Oaks of the Americas |title=''Quercus ellipsoidalis''}}</ref>


==Uses==
==Uses==
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==External links==
==External links==
⚫
* {{commons category-inline}}
* {{wikispecies-inline}}
* {{IUCN2006|assessors=Sternberg|year=1998|id=33896|title=Quercus ellipsoidalis|downloaded=5 May 2006}}
* {{IUCN2006|assessors=Sternberg|year=1998|id=33896|title=Quercus ellipsoidalis|downloaded=5 May 2006}}
*[http://www.tropicos.org/Image/57743 Photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Illinois in 1899]
*[http://www.tropicos.org/Image/57743 Photo of herbarium specimen at Missouri Botanical Garden, collected in Illinois in 1899]


{{taxonbar}}
[[Category:Quercus|ellipsoidalis]]
[[Category:Quercus|ellipsoidalis]]
[[Category:Trees of the Great Lakes region (North America)]]
[[Category:Trees of the Great Lakes region (North America)]]

Revision as of 23:57, 30 September 2016

Northern pin oak
Scientific classification
Kingdom:
Plantae
(unranked):
Angiosperms
(unranked):
Eudicots
(unranked):
Rosids
Order:
Fagales
Family:
Fagaceae
Genus:
Quercus
Section:
Lobatae
Species:
Q. ellipsoidalis
Binomial name
Quercus ellipsoidalis
E.J.Hill (1899)
Natural range

Quercus ellipsoidalis, northern pin oak or Hill's oak, is a North American species of trees native to the north-central United States and south-central Canada, primarily in the Great Lakes region and the Upper Mississippi Valley.[1] It occurs on moist, clay soils.

Although the common name suggests an resemblance to the pin oak Q. palustris, Q. ellipsoidalis has traditionally been thought to be closely related to the scarlet oak Q. coccinea, and was in fact included in that species by many botanists. Recent work suggests that there is more gene flow between Hill's oak and black oak Q. velutina, but the phylogenetic position of these species is still uncertain (Hipp and Weber 2008). The morphological similarity between Q. ellipsoidalis and Q. coccinea remains a source of confusion, especially in northwestern Indiana and southern Cook County, Illinois.[2][3]

Quercus ellipsoidalis is a medium-sized deciduous tree growing to 20 meters (66 feet) tall with an open, rounded crown. The leaves are glossy green, 7–13 cm (2+3⁄4–5 in) long and 5–10 cm (2–4 in) broad, lobed, with five or seven lobes, and deep sinuses between the lobes. Each lobe has 3-7 bristle-tipped teeth. The leaf is nearly hairless, except for small tufts of pale orange-brown down where the lobe veins join the central vein. The acorns tend to be ellipsoid (ellipse-shaped, from which its scientific name derives), though they tend to be highly variable and range to globose, 6–11 mm (1⁄4–7⁄16 in) long and 10–19 mm (13⁄32–3⁄4 in) broad, a third to a half covered in a deep cup, green maturing pale brown about 18 months after pollination; the kernel is very bitter. The inner surface of the acorn cap is glabrous (hairless) to sparsely or moderately pubescent, and the hairs if present tend to be kinky rather than straight.[4][5]

Uses

Northern pin oak is planted as an ornamental tree, popular for its bright red fall color and tolerance of infertile sandy soils. The wood is used for fence posts, fuel and general construction.

References

  1. ^ "Quercus ellipsoidalis". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  2. ^ Hipp AL, JA Weber (2008) Systematic Botany 33: 148-158
  3. ^ Ongoing research at The Morton Arboretum into the taxonomy of Hill's oak, including SEM images of the pubescence on the inner surface of the acorn cap
  4. ^ Nixon, Kevin C. (1997). "Quercus ellipsoidalis". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 3. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  5. ^ "Quercus ellipsoidalis". Oaks of the Americas.

External links

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quercus_ellipsoidalis&oldid=741991038"