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{{Short description|Species of shrub}}
{{Short description|Species of shrub}}
{{Italic title}}
{{Speciesbox
{{Speciesbox
⚫
| name = ''Salvia africana-lutea''
| image = Salvia africana-lutea00.jpg
| image = Salvia africana-lutea00.jpg
| taxon = Salvia aurea
| taxon = Salvia africana-lutea<ref>PHYTOTHERAPY RESEARCH Phytother. Res. 20, 427–437 (2006) Published online 18 April 2006 in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com) {{doi|10.1002/ptr.1898}} REVIEW The Pharmacological Effects of Salvia species on the Central Nervous System</ref>
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| authority = [[Carl Linnaeus|L.]]
| synonyms = ''Salvia aurea''
| synonyms =
{{Species list
|Crolocos aurea|(L.) Raf.
⚫
|Salvia africana-lutea|L., nom. inval.
|Salvia colorata|L.
|Salvia eckloniana|Benth.
}}
| synonyms_ref = <ref name=POWO_455710-1>{{Cite POWO|title=''Salvia aurea'' L..|id=455710-1|access-date=2024-04-29|mode=cs1}}</ref>
}}
}}


'''''Salvia africana-lutea''''' (beach salvia, dune salvia, golden salvia, bruin- of sandsalie, geelblomsalie) is a shrubby evergreen perennial native to South Africa.
'''''Salvia aurea''''' (beach salvia, dune salvia, golden salvia, bruin- of sandsalie, geelblomsalie) is a shrubby evergreen perennial native to South Africa.


== Description ==
== Description ==
It has numerous woody stems growing to more than {{Convert|1|m|ft|abbr=on}}in height and width, with sparse grey-green leaves. The flowers start out as a bright yellow, turning into a rusty color, with the dark rusty-colored calyx persisting long after fruiting begins.<ref name="Clebsch">{{cite book|last1=Clebsch|first1=Betsy|last2=Barner|first2=Carol D.|title=The New Book of Salvias|publisher=Timber Press|date=2003|page=28|isbn=978-0-88192-560-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NM0iwB8GrQYC&pg=PA28}}</ref> The flowers are shaped like a parrot's beak and occur in pairs at the ends of branches.<ref name="CapeWildFlowers">{{Cite book |last=Clarke |first=Hugh G. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1124073483 |title=Wild flowers of the Cape Peninsula |last2=Merry |first2=Corinne |date=2019 |publisher=Struik Nature |others= |isbn=978-1-77584-640-6 |edition=3rd |location=Cape Town |oclc=1124073483}}</ref>
It has numerous woody stems growing to more than {{Convert|1|m|ft|abbr=on}}in height and width, with sparse grey-green leaves. The flowers start out as a bright yellow, turning into a rusty color, with the dark rusty-colored calyx persisting long after fruiting begins.<ref name="Clebsch">{{cite book|last1=Clebsch|first1=Betsy|last2=Barner|first2=Carol D.|title=The New Book of Salvias|publisher=Timber Press|date=2003|page=28|isbn=978-0-88192-560-9|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=NM0iwB8GrQYC&pg=PA28}}</ref> The flowers are shaped like a parrot's beak and occur in pairs at the ends of branches.<ref name="CapeWildFlowers">{{Cite book |last=Clarke |first=Hugh G. |url=https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/1124073483 |title=Wild flowers of the Cape Peninsula |last2=Merry |first2=Corinne |date=2019 |publisher=Struik Nature |others= |isbn=978-1-77584-640-6 |edition=3rd |location=Cape Town |oclc=1124073483}}</ref>

== Taxonomy ==
The species was first named by [[Carl Linnaeus]] in 1753 using the specific epithet ''afr.lutea'', which may be expanded to ''africana lutea'' (or ''africana-lutea''). Epithets consisting of two adjectives are not allowed by the [[International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants]], so this name is invalid.<ref name=IPNI_60471153-2>{{IPNI|taxon=''Salvia afr.lutea'' |authority=L..|id=60471153-2|access-date=2024-04-29|mode=cs1}}</ref> Linnaeus's 1762 name ''Salvia aurea'' was the accepted name {{As of|2024|April|lc=yes}}.<ref name=POWO_455710-1/> The ''lutea'' part of Linnaeus's 1753 name, meaning yellow, was based on the belief that there were no brown flowers.<ref name="CapeWildFlowers" />


== Distribution and habitat ==
== Distribution and habitat ==
This species is native to coastal sand dunes and hills on the coast of the [[Western Cape]], [[Eastern Cape]] and [[Northern Cape]] in [[South Africa]].<ref name="Clebsch" />
This species is native to coastal sand dunes and hills on the coast of the [[Western Cape]], [[Eastern Cape]] and [[Northern Cape]] in [[South Africa]].<ref name="Clebsch" />

== Etymology ==
Early European botanists gave the plant the species name "lutea", meaning yellow, as they believed that there were no brown flowers.<ref name="CapeWildFlowers" />


==Traditional use==
==Traditional use==
''S. africana-lutea'' was used by early European settlers to treat colds, tuberculosis, and chronic bronchitis. Traditional indigenous healers use it for respiratory ailments, influenza, gynaecological complaints, fever, headaches and digestive disorders.<ref>Journal of Ethnopharmacology Volume 119, Issue 3, 28 October 2008, Pages 664-672 Ethnobotany in South Africa {{doi|10.1016/j.jep.2008.06.030}} Review South African Salvia species: A review of biological activities and phytochemistry G.P.P. Kamatoua, N.P. Makungab, W.P.N. Ramogolab and A.M. Viljoena</ref>
''Salvia aurea'' was used by early European settlers to treat colds, tuberculosis, and chronic bronchitis. Traditional indigenous healers use it for respiratory ailments, influenza, gynaecological complaints, fever, headaches and digestive disorders.<ref>Journal of Ethnopharmacology Volume 119, Issue 3, 28 October 2008, Pages 664-672 Ethnobotany in South Africa {{doi|10.1016/j.jep.2008.06.030}} Review South African Salvia species: A review of biological activities and phytochemistry G.P.P. Kamatoua, N.P. Makungab, W.P.N. Ramogolab and A.M. Viljoena</ref>


==Notes==
==Notes==
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{{Taxonbar|from=Q767706}}
{{Taxonbar|from=Q767706}}


[[Category:Salvia|africana-lutea]]
[[Category:Salvia|aurea]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces]]
[[Category:Endemic flora of the Cape Provinces]]
[[Category:Fynbos|~]]
[[Category:Fynbos|~]]
[[Category:Plants used in traditional African medicine]]
[[Category:Plants used in traditional African medicine]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1753]]
[[Category:Plants described in 1762]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
[[Category:Taxa named by Carl Linnaeus]]
[[Category:Garden plants of Southern Africa]]
[[Category:Garden plants of Southern Africa]]


{{Salvia-stub}}

Latest revision as of 08:45, 1 May 2024

Salvia aurea
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Asterids
Order: Lamiales
Family: Lamiaceae
Genus: Salvia
Species:
S. aurea
Binomial name
Salvia aurea
Synonyms[1]
  • Crolocos aurea (L.) Raf.
  • Salvia africana-lutea L., nom. inval.
  • Salvia colorata L.
  • Salvia eckloniana Benth.

Salvia aurea (beach salvia, dune salvia, golden salvia, bruin- of sandsalie, geelblomsalie) is a shrubby evergreen perennial native to South Africa.

Description[edit]

It has numerous woody stems growing to more than 1 m (3.3 ft)in height and width, with sparse grey-green leaves. The flowers start out as a bright yellow, turning into a rusty color, with the dark rusty-colored calyx persisting long after fruiting begins.[2] The flowers are shaped like a parrot's beak and occur in pairs at the ends of branches.[3]

Taxonomy[edit]

The species was first named by Carl Linnaeus in 1753 using the specific epithet afr.lutea, which may be expanded to africana lutea (or africana-lutea). Epithets consisting of two adjectives are not allowed by the International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, so this name is invalid.[4] Linnaeus's 1762 name Salvia aurea was the accepted name as of April 2024.[1] The lutea part of Linnaeus's 1753 name, meaning yellow, was based on the belief that there were no brown flowers.[3]

Distribution and habitat[edit]

This species is native to coastal sand dunes and hills on the coast of the Western Cape, Eastern Cape and Northern Cape in South Africa.[2]

Traditional use[edit]

Salvia aurea was used by early European settlers to treat colds, tuberculosis, and chronic bronchitis. Traditional indigenous healers use it for respiratory ailments, influenza, gynaecological complaints, fever, headaches and digestive disorders.[5]

Notes[edit]

  1. ^ a b "Salvia aurea L." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  2. ^ a b Clebsch, Betsy; Barner, Carol D. (2003). The New Book of Salvias. Timber Press. p. 28. ISBN 978-0-88192-560-9.
  3. ^ a b Clarke, Hugh G.; Merry, Corinne (2019). Wild flowers of the Cape Peninsula (3rd ed.). Cape Town: Struik Nature. ISBN 978-1-77584-640-6. OCLC 1124073483.
  4. ^ "Salvia afr.lutea L." International Plant Names Index (IPNI). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew; Harvard University Herbaria & Libraries; Australian National Botanic Gardens. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
  5. ^ Journal of Ethnopharmacology Volume 119, Issue 3, 28 October 2008, Pages 664-672 Ethnobotany in South Africa doi:10.1016/j.jep.2008.06.030 Review South African Salvia species: A review of biological activities and phytochemistry G.P.P. Kamatoua, N.P. Makungab, W.P.N. Ramogolab and A.M. Viljoena

External links[edit]

Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Salvia_aurea&oldid=1221671090"