Sarcodum: Difference between revisions
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''Sarcodum'' species are twining [[vine]]s that scramble over shrubs, growing up to {{cvt|5|–|10|m|ft|0}} high. The mature stems are reddish brown. The leaves have 8–44 leaflets arranged in pairs, plus a terminal leaflet. Individual leaflets may be up to {{cvt|4.5|cm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|2.5|cm|in|1}} wide. The [[inflorescence]]s are composed of erect leafy axillary and terminal [[raceme]]s {{cvt|3|–|12|cm|in|1}} long. Each flower is {{cvt|6|–|19|mm|in|1}} long, and has the [[Papilionaceous flower|typical shape]] of a member of the family Fabaceae. The pink or pinkish lilac standard [[petal]] is {{cvt|10|–|13|mm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|6|–|8|mm|in|1}} wide with a broad, dark yellow nectar guide. The wing petals are {{cvt|8|–|13|mm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|3|mm|in|1}} across, either much or slightly shorter than the keel petals, and with short basal claws. The keel petals are {{cvt|13|mm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|4|mm|in|1}} wide. Nine of the [[stamen]]s are fused together, the tenth is free; all curve upwards at the apex. The seed pods are up to {{cvt|5|cm|in|1}} long, initially green, then black and hard when ripe, splitting to release the 4–10 seeds.<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19/> |
''Sarcodum'' species are twining [[vine]]s that scramble over shrubs, growing up to {{cvt|5|–|10|m|ft|0}} high. The mature stems are reddish brown. The leaves have 8–44 leaflets arranged in pairs, plus a terminal leaflet. Individual leaflets may be up to {{cvt|4.5|cm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|2.5|cm|in|1}} wide. The [[inflorescence]]s are composed of erect leafy axillary and terminal [[raceme]]s {{cvt|3|–|12|cm|in|1}} long. Each flower is {{cvt|6|–|19|mm|in|1}} long, and has the [[Papilionaceous flower|typical shape]] of a member of the family Fabaceae. The pink or pinkish lilac standard [[petal]] is {{cvt|10|–|13|mm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|6|–|8|mm|in|1}} wide with a broad, dark yellow nectar guide. The wing petals are {{cvt|8|–|13|mm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|3|mm|in|1}} across, either much or slightly shorter than the keel petals, and with short basal claws. The keel petals are {{cvt|13|mm|in|1}} long by {{cvt|4|mm|in|1}} wide. Nine of the [[stamen]]s are fused together, the tenth is free; all curve upwards at the apex. The seed pods are up to {{cvt|5|cm|in|1}} long, initially green, then black and hard when ripe, splitting to release the 4–10 seeds.<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19/> |
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==Taxonomy== |
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The genus ''Sarcodum'' was established by [[João de Loureiro]] in 1790.<ref name=IPNI_23482-1/> A 2019 [[Molecular phylogenetics|molecular phylogenetic]] confirmed the [[monophyly]] of the genus, placing it in the tribe [[Wisterieae]]. ''Sarcodum'' is most closely related to ''[[Endosamara]]'' and ''[[Sigmoidala]]'' but has smaller leaflets – mostly less than {{cvt|2.5|cm|in|0}} wide as opposed to mostly {{cvt|2.5|–|7|cm|in|1}} wide in the other two genera. Its inflorescences are leafy racemes rather than larger erect [[panicle]]s.<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19/> |
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===Species=== |
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{{As of|2023|January}}, [[Plants of the World Online]] accepted three genera:<ref name=POWO_23482-1/> |
{{As of|2023|January}}, [[Plants of the World Online]] accepted three genera:<ref name=POWO_23482-1/> |
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*''[[Sarcodum bicolor]]'' <small>Adema</small> |
*''[[Sarcodum bicolor]]'' <small>Adema</small> |
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<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19>{{Citation |last1=Compton |first1=James A. |last2=Schrire |first2=Brian D. |last3=Könyves |first3=Kálmán |last4=Forest |first4=Félix |last5=Malakasi |first5=Panagiota |last6=Sawai Mattapha |last7=Sirichamorn |first7=Yotsawate |date=2019 |title=The ''Callerya'' Group redefined and Tribe Wisterieae (Fabaceae) emended based on morphology and data from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences |journal=PhytoKeys |volume=125 |pages=1–112 |doi=10.3897/phytokeys.125.34877 |pmid=31303810 |pmc=6610001 |name-list-style=amp |mode=cs1}}</ref> |
<ref name=CompSchrKonyFore19>{{Citation |last1=Compton |first1=James A. |last2=Schrire |first2=Brian D. |last3=Könyves |first3=Kálmán |last4=Forest |first4=Félix |last5=Malakasi |first5=Panagiota |last6=Sawai Mattapha |last7=Sirichamorn |first7=Yotsawate |date=2019 |title=The ''Callerya'' Group redefined and Tribe Wisterieae (Fabaceae) emended based on morphology and data from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences |journal=PhytoKeys |volume=125 |pages=1–112 |doi=10.3897/phytokeys.125.34877 |pmid=31303810 |pmc=6610001 |name-list-style=amp |mode=cs1}}</ref> |
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<ref name="IPNI_23482-1">{{cite web |title=''Sarcodum'' Lour.. |work=[[International Plant Names Index|The International Plant Names Index]] |url=https://www.ipni.org/n/23482-1 |access-date=2023-01-11 }}</ref> |
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<ref name=POWO_23482-1>{{cite web |title=''Sarcodum'' Lour.. |work=Plants of the World Online |publisher=Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew|url=http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org/taxon/urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:23482-1 |access-date=2023-01-07 }}</ref> |
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Revision as of 17:17, 11 January 2023
| Sarcodum | |
|---|---|
Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Clade: | Rosids |
| Order: | Fabales |
| Family: | Fabaceae |
| Subfamily: | Faboideae |
| Clade: | Inverted repeat-lacking clade |
| Tribe: | Wisterieae |
| Genus: | Sarcodum Lour.[1] |
| Species | |
Sarcodum is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. It belongs to the subfamily Faboideae, tribe Wisterieae.[2]
Description
Sarcodum species are twining vines that scramble over shrubs, growing up to 5–10 m (16–33 ft) high. The mature stems are reddish brown. The leaves have 8–44 leaflets arranged in pairs, plus a terminal leaflet. Individual leaflets may be up to 4.5 cm (1.8 in) long by 2.5 cm (1.0 in) wide. The inflorescences are composed of erect leafy axillary and terminal racemes 3–12 cm (1.2–4.7 in) long. Each flower is 6–19 mm (0.2–0.7 in) long, and has the typical shape of a member of the family Fabaceae. The pink or pinkish lilac standard petal is 10–13 mm (0.4–0.5 in) long by 6–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) wide with a broad, dark yellow nectar guide. The wing petals are 8–13 mm (0.3–0.5 in) long by 3 mm (0.1 in) across, either much or slightly shorter than the keel petals, and with short basal claws. The keel petals are 13 mm (0.5 in) long by 4 mm (0.2 in) wide. Nine of the stamens are fused together, the tenth is free; all curve upwards at the apex. The seed pods are up to 5 cm (2.0 in) long, initially green, then black and hard when ripe, splitting to release the 4–10 seeds.[2]
Taxonomy
The genus Sarcodum was established by João de Loureiro in 1790.[3] A 2019 molecular phylogenetic confirmed the monophyly of the genus, placing it in the tribe Wisterieae. Sarcodum is most closely related to Endosamara and Sigmoidala but has smaller leaflets – mostly less than 2.5 cm (1 in) wide as opposed to mostly 2.5–7 cm (1.0–2.8 in) wide in the other two genera. Its inflorescences are leafy racemes rather than larger erect panicles.[2]
Species
As of January 2023[update], Plants of the World Online accepted three genera:[1]
- Sarcodum bicolor Adema
- Sarcodum scandens Lour.
- Sarcodum solomonense R.Clark
References
- ^ a b "Sarcodum Lour." Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 2023-01-07.
- ^ a b c Compton, James A.; Schrire, Brian D.; Könyves, Kálmán; Forest, Félix; Malakasi, Panagiota; Sawai Mattapha & Sirichamorn, Yotsawate (2019). "The Callerya Group redefined and Tribe Wisterieae (Fabaceae) emended based on morphology and data from nuclear and chloroplast DNA sequences". PhytoKeys. 125: 1–112. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.125.34877. PMC 6610001. PMID 31303810.
{{citation}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link) - ^ "Sarcodum Lour." The International Plant Names Index. Retrieved 2023-01-11.
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