Haifaa al-Mansour and Jack (playing card): Difference between pages
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[[Image:Jack playing cards.jpg|thumb|250px|Jack cards of all four suits]] |
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'''Haifaa al-Mansour''' ({{lang-ar|هيفاء المنصور}}, born 1974) is a film director from [[Saudi Arabia]]. She is one of the country's best-known and most controversial directors.<ref name=Dupont> Joan Dupont. “[http://www.iht.com/articles/2006/12/14/opinion/fmdupont.php Saudi filmmakers come out of the shadows]”. International Herald Tribune, [[December 14]] [[2006]].</ref> |
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A '''jack''' or '''knave''' is a [[playing card]] with a picture of a young man on it. The usual rank of a jack, within its [[suit (cards)|suit]], is as if it were an 11 (that is, between the [[queen (playing card)|queen]] and the 10). |
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She is the daughter of the poet [[Abdul Rahman Mansour]], who introduced her to films by video, there being no movie theaters in Saudi Arabia.<ref name=Harman>Danna Harman. “[http://www.alternet.org/movies/78653/ Middle Eastern Female Filmmakers Give Glimpse of Once-Veiled Worlds]” [[March 10]] [[2008]]. [[Christian Science Monitor]]/[[Alternet]].</ref> With his encouragement, she studied comparative literature at the [[American University in Cairo]]. <ref name=Harman/> |
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As the lowest face (or "court") card, the jack often represents a minimum standard — for example, many [[List of poker variants|poker games]] require a minimum [[Poker hand|hand]] of a pair of jacks ("jacks or better") in order to start the bidding. |
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She began her filmmaking career with three [[short film|shorts]], ''Who?'', ''The Bitter Journey'', and ''The Only Way Out''. ''The Only Way Out'' won prizes in the United Arab Emirates and in Holland.<ref name=Najah/> She followed these with the documentary ''Women Without Shadows'', which deals with the hidden lives of women of the Persian Gulf. It was shown in 17 international festivals, and received the Golden Dagger for Best Documentary in the [[Muscat]] Film Festival and a special jury mention in the fourth [[Arab Film Festival]] in [[Rotterdam]]. She was a guest at the 28th [[Three Continents Festival]] in [[Nantes]], France.<ref name=Dupont/> |
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==History== |
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She didn’t intend that her film work focus on [[Women and Islam|women’s issues]], but found them too important to not address. Both ''Who?'' and ''Women Without Shadows'' deal with the custom of [[abaya]]. She has received [[hate mail]] and criticism for being unreligious, which she denies. She does, however, feel that Saudi Arabia needs to take a more critical view of its culture.<ref name=Harman/> She has also received praise from Saudis for encouraging discussion on topics usually considered taboo.<ref name=Najah>Najah Al-Osaimi. “[http://www.arabnews.com/?page=1§ion=0&article=62468&d=21&m=4&y=2005 Haifa Film Creates a Stir].” ‘’Arab News’’. [[April 21]] [[2005]].</ref> |
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As early as the mid-1500s the jack was called the ''knave'' (meaning a male servant of royalty). The card came to be known as the ''jack'' during the middle of the 19th century, when card manufacturers began to label playing cards to indicate their value with 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, J, Q, K, A. The obvious confusion between "Kn" and "K" led to the renaming of the knave, being out-ranked by the king.Thus a saying occurred around the 1900s "Your not a king,jack.Just a Fool - Scriptie Lger. However, books of card games published in the third quarter of the 19th century evidently still referred to the "knave", and the term with this definition is still recognized in the [[United Kingdom]]. (Note the exclamation by Estella in [[Charles Dickens]]'s novel ''[[Great Expectations]]'': "He calls the knaves, Jacks, this boy!") |
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== |
==Representations== |
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In the standard English playing card deck, the jack and the other face cards represent no one in particular — this is in contrast to the historical French practice, in which each court card is said to represent a particular historical or mythological personage. The jacks in a French deck are traditionally assigned names as follows:<ref>[http://www.snopes.com/history/world/cardking.asp "The Four King Truth"] at the [[Urban Legends Reference Pages]]</ref><ref>[http://www.madore.org/~david/misc/cards.html "Courts on playing cards"], by David Madore, with illustrations of the Anglo-American and French court cards</ref> |
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* ''Who?'' (من؟) |
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* ''The Bitter Journey'' (الرحيل المر) |
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* Jack of Spades: [[Ogier the Dane]] (legendary hero of the [[chansons de geste]])<ref>http://books.google.com/books?id=FDH1huAGSTkC&pg=PA2&lpg=PA2&ots=YpweUbRLVT&sig=1cNbephw3VX8nuynEEmb3p_ghio</ref> |
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* ''The Only Way Out'' (أنا والآخر) |
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* Jack of Hearts: [[La Hire]] (French warrior) |
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* ''Women Without Shadows'' (نساء بلا الظل) |
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* Jack of Diamonds: [[Hector]] (mythological hero of the [[Iliad]]) |
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* Jack of Clubs: [[Lancelot]] |
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==In terminology== |
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''[[Last man Jack]]'' (sometimes stated as ''every man Jack'') is a euphemism that has crossed into mainstream English from the [[sport]] of [[cricket]]. |
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The term has come to mean "every single person", as in the following examples: <br> |
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''They're scoundrels... to the last man Jack!''<br> |
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''You're to rescue them... every man Jack of them!'' |
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The term originates from a cricket pun. In the cricket [[batting order]], the worst [[batsman]] is listed at number 11. The "last man" (to bat) can therefore be referred to using [[playing cards]] terminology; following numbers 8, 9 and 10 comes Jack. |
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==Example cards== |
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These card designs are based on those from a historical French deck, and include the historical and mythological names associated with the French cards. The Anglo-American designs can be seen in the photo at the top of the page. |
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<gallery> |
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Image:Jack of spades fr.svg|Jack of spades |
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Image:Jack of hearts fr.svg|Jack of hearts |
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Image:Jack of diamonds fr.svg|Jack of diamonds |
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Image:Jack of clubs fr.svg|Jack of clubs |
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</gallery> |
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==See also== |
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* [[List of poker hand nicknames]] |
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*[[One-eyed jack]] |
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*"[[The Jack]]", a song by [[AC/DC]], in which this playing card is a metaphor for a sexually transmitted disease. |
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* The [[Knave of Hearts (Alice's Adventures in Wonderland)|Knave of Hearts]], a character in Lewis Carroll's ''Alice's Adventures in Wonderland'' |
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* The [[Jack of Diamonds (artists)|Jack of Diamonds]], a group of artists founded in 1909 in Moscow |
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* "[[Jack of Diamonds (song)|Jack of Diamonds]]", a traditional folk song |
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* [[Shuffle Alliance|Jack of Diamonds]], the title used by [[George de Sand]] in the 1994 anime ''[[Mobile Fighter G Gundam]]'' |
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* ''[[Knave of Hearts (film)|Knave of Hearts]]'', a 1954 film directed by René Clément |
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* The [[Jack of Hearts]] (Jack Hart), a Marvel Comics superhero |
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* ''[[The Jack of Hearts]]'', a 1919 short Western film |
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==References== |
==References== |
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{{reflist}} |
{{reflist}} |
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==External links== |
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* {{imdb name|2223783}} |
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{{DEFAULTSORT:Mansour, Haifa al-}} |
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[[Category:Saudi Arabian film directors]] |
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| ⚫ | |||
[[Category:Living people]] |
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[[Category:Female film directors]] |
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[[bg:Вале (карта)]] |
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[[ar:هيفاء المنصور]] |
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[[de:Bube (Spielkarte)]] |
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[[eo:Fanto]] |
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[[fr:Valet (carte à jouer)]] |
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[[nl:Boer (kaartspel)]] |
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[[no:Knekt (kortspill)]] |
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[[nds:Buur (Speelkoort)]] |
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[[pl:Walet (karta)]] |
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[[ru:Валет]] |
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[[sl:Fant (karta)]] |
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[[sv:Knekt (valör)]] |
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Revision as of 01:33, 12 October 2008
A jack or knave is a playing card with a picture of a young man on it. The usual rank of a jack, within its suit, is as if it were an 11 (that is, between the queen and the 10).
As the lowest face (or "court") card, the jack often represents a minimum standard — for example, many poker games require a minimum hand of a pair of jacks ("jacks or better") in order to start the bidding.
History
As early as the mid-1500s the jack was called the knave (meaning a male servant of royalty). The card came to be known as the jack during the middle of the 19th century, when card manufacturers began to label playing cards to indicate their value with 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, J, Q, K, A. The obvious confusion between "Kn" and "K" led to the renaming of the knave, being out-ranked by the king.Thus a saying occurred around the 1900s "Your not a king,jack.Just a Fool - Scriptie Lger. However, books of card games published in the third quarter of the 19th century evidently still referred to the "knave", and the term with this definition is still recognized in the United Kingdom. (Note the exclamation by Estella in Charles Dickens's novel Great Expectations: "He calls the knaves, Jacks, this boy!")
Representations
In the standard English playing card deck, the jack and the other face cards represent no one in particular — this is in contrast to the historical French practice, in which each court card is said to represent a particular historical or mythological personage. The jacks in a French deck are traditionally assigned names as follows:[1][2]
- Jack of Spades: Ogier the Dane (legendary hero of the chansons de geste)[3]
- Jack of Hearts: La Hire (French warrior)
- Jack of Diamonds: Hector (mythological hero of the Iliad)
- Jack of Clubs: Lancelot
In terminology
Last man Jack (sometimes stated as every man Jack) is a euphemism that has crossed into mainstream English from the sport of cricket.
The term has come to mean "every single person", as in the following examples:
They're scoundrels... to the last man Jack!
You're to rescue them... every man Jack of them!
The term originates from a cricket pun. In the cricket batting order, the worst batsman is listed at number 11. The "last man" (to bat) can therefore be referred to using playing cards terminology; following numbers 8, 9 and 10 comes Jack.
Example cards
These card designs are based on those from a historical French deck, and include the historical and mythological names associated with the French cards. The Anglo-American designs can be seen in the photo at the top of the page.
-
Jack of spades -
Jack of hearts -
Jack of diamonds -
Jack of clubs
See also
- List of poker hand nicknames
- One-eyed jack
- "The Jack", a song by AC/DC, in which this playing card is a metaphor for a sexually transmitted disease.
- The Knave of Hearts, a character in Lewis Carroll's Alice's Adventures in Wonderland
- The Jack of Diamonds, a group of artists founded in 1909 in Moscow
- "Jack of Diamonds", a traditional folk song
- Jack of Diamonds, the title used by George de Sand in the 1994 anime Mobile Fighter G Gundam
- Knave of Hearts, a 1954 film directed by René Clément
- The Jack of Hearts (Jack Hart), a Marvel Comics superhero
- The Jack of Hearts, a 1919 short Western film
References
- ^ "The Four King Truth" at the Urban Legends Reference Pages
- ^ "Courts on playing cards", by David Madore, with illustrations of the Anglo-American and French court cards
- ^ http://books.google.com/books?id=FDH1huAGSTkC&pg=PA2&lpg=PA2&ots=YpweUbRLVT&sig=1cNbephw3VX8nuynEEmb3p_ghio