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{{Short description|American mayor (1793–1856)}}
{{Infobox person
{{Infobox officeholder
|name = Solomon Laurent Juneau
|image = Solomon Juneau.jpg
| name = Solomon Laurent Juneau
| image = Solomon Juneau painting.jpg
|image_size =
|alt =
| image_size =
| alt =
|caption = Statue of Juneau in [[Parks of Milwaukee|Juneau Park]], Milwaukee
| caption = Juneau in 1856
|birth_name =
| birth_name =
|birth_date = August 9, 1793
| birth_date = {{birth date text|August 9, 1793}}
|birth_place = [[Repentigny, Quebec|Repentigny]], [[Lower Canada]]
| birth_place = [[Repentigny, Quebec|Repentigny]], [[Lower Canada]]
|death_date = {{death date and age|1856|11|14|1793|8|9}}
| death_date = {{death date and age|1856|11|14|1793|8|9}}
|death_place = [[Keshena, Wisconsin]]
| death_place = [[Keshena, Wisconsin]]
|residence =
|nationality = Canadian
| nationality = {{ubl|[[British subject]] in [[Lower Canada]]|American}}
| native_name = Laurent-Salomon Juneau
|ethnicity =
| native_name_lang = fr
|citizenship = I
| known_for = Helped found the city of [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]].
|other_names = Laurent-Salomon Juneau
| education =
|known_for = Helped found the city of [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin|Milwaukee]], [[Wisconsin]].
|education =
| alma_mater =
|alma_mater =
| employer =
| occupation = [[Politician]], [[fur trader]], [[land agent]]
|employer =
| years_active =
|occupation = [[Politician]], [[fur trader]], [[land agent]]
|years_active =
| networth =
|home_town =
| height =
| title = 1st [[List of mayors of Milwaukee|Mayor of Milwaukee]]
|salary =
|networth =
| term = 1846-1847
|height =
| predecessor = ''Office Established''
|weight =
| successor = [[Horatio N. Wells]]
| party = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic]]
|title = 1st [[List of mayors of Milwaukee|Mayor of Milwaukee]]
|term = 1846-1847
| opponents =
| boards =
|predecessor = ''Office Established''
|successor = [[Horatio N. Wells]]
| spouse = [[Josette Vieau Juneau]] (m. 1820–1855)
|party =
| partner =
|opponents =
| children =
| parents = François and Thérèse Galerneau Juneau
|boards =
| relations = [[Joseph Juneau]] (cousin), founder of the city of [[Juneau, Alaska]]
|religion =
|spouse = Josette (m. 1820-1855)
| callsign =
|partner =
| awards =
|children =
| signature =
| signature_alt =
|parents = François and Thérèse Galerneau Juneau
| website =
|relations = [[Joseph Juneau]] (nephew), founder of the city of [[Juneau, Alaska]]
|callsign =
|awards =
|signature =
|signature_alt =
|website =
|footnotes = His favorite color was green.
}}
}}
'''Solomon Laurent Juneau''', or '''Laurent-Salomon Juneau''', (August 9, 1793 – November 14, 1856) was a fur trader, land speculator, and politician who helped found the city of [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin|Milwaukee]], [[Wisconsin]].<ref>[http://www.uwgb.edu/wisfrench/library/history/juneau/ University of Wisconsin - Green Bay]</ref><ref>[http://expressmilwaukee.com/article-permalink-11495.html Solomon Juneau, Milwaukee’s Founding Father]</ref><ref>{{cite DCB |first=Paul |last=Trap |title=Juneau, Laurent-Salomon |volume=8 |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/juneau_laurent_salomon_8E.html}}</ref> He was born in [[Repentigny, Quebec]], [[Canada]] to François and (Marie-)Thérèse Galarneau Juneau.<ref>Marshall, Bill. (2005). ''France and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History''. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, p. 635.</ref><ref>Connerton, Eugene J. & Léo-Paul Landry. (1971). ''Genealogy of the Juneau family 1600–1965''. Author, p. 306.</ref> His cousin was [[Joseph Juneau]], who founded the city of [[Juneau, Alaska]].<ref>[http://alaskamininghalloffame.org/inductees/juneau.php Alaska Mining Hall of Fame]</ref>


'''Solomon Laurent Juneau''', or '''Laurent-Salomon Juneau''' (August 9, 1793 – November 14, 1856) was a French Canadian fur trader, land speculator, and politician who helped found the city of [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]].<ref>[http://www.uwgb.edu/wisfrench/library/history/juneau/ University of Wisconsin - Green Bay]</ref><ref>[http://expressmilwaukee.com/article-permalink-11495.html Solomon Juneau, Milwaukee’s Founding Father]</ref><ref>{{cite DCB |first=Paul |last=Trap |title=Juneau, Laurent-Salomon |volume=8 |url=http://www.biographi.ca/en/bio/juneau_laurent_salomon_8E.html}}</ref> He was born in [[Repentigny, Quebec]], Canada to François and (Marie-)Thérèse Galarneau Juneau.<ref>Marshall, Bill. (2005). ''France and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History''. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, p. 635.</ref><ref>Connerton, Eugene J. & Léo-Paul Landry. (1971). ''Genealogy of the Juneau family 1600–1965''. Author, p. 306.</ref> His cousin was [[Joseph Juneau]], who founded the city of [[Juneau, Alaska]].<ref>[http://alaskamininghalloffame.org/inductees/juneau.php Alaska Mining Hall of Fame]</ref>
== Biography ==
After landing at [[Fort Michilimackinac]] in 1816, Juneau worked as a clerk in the fur trade before becoming an agent for the [[American Fur Company]] in Milwaukee. Juneau settled an area east of the [[Milwaukee River]] called Juneautown (present day [[Neighborhoods of Milwaukee|East Town]]) in 1818, which later joined with [[George H. Walker]]'s [[Neighborhoods of Milwaukee|Walker's Point]] and [[Byron Kilbourn]]'s Kilbourntown (present day [[Neighborhoods of Milwaukee|Westown]]) to incorporate the City of Milwaukee. In 1831, Juneau began learning English and set in motion the naturalization and citizenship process. By 1835, he was selling plots of land in Juneautown. He built Milwaukee's first store, first inn, and was recognized for his leadership among newcomers to Milwaukee. In 1837 he started the ''[[Milwaukee Sentinel]]'', which would become the oldest continuously operating business in [[Wisconsin]]. He was the first [[List of mayors of Milwaukee|mayor of Milwaukee]] from 1846 until 1847 and its first [[Postmaster]].
[[File:Solomon Juneau statue in Milwaukee circa 1890.jpg|thumb|left|The same statue of Juneau in Milwaukee, c. 1890]]


=== Personal ===
==Biography==
After landing at [[Fort Michilimackinac]] in 1816, Juneau worked as a clerk in the fur trade before becoming an agent for the [[American Fur Company]] in Milwaukee. He had been summoned to the Milwaukee area by [[Jacques Vieau]], a French-Canadian fur trader and the first permanent white settler in [[Milwaukee, Wisconsin]]. In 1818 Jacques Vieau hired Solomon Juneau, based on the accounting prowess Juneau had become known for, and Juneau's reputation for being able to deal well with the local native Americans. Juneau later married one of Vieau's daughters, [[Josette Vieau Juneau|Josette]], and went on to found what was to become the City of Milwaukee.
In 1820, Juneau married Josette, the [[Metis (United States)|Metis]] daughter of [[Jacques Vieau]], a fur trader who had built a trading post overlooking the [[Menomonee Valley]] years before. Josette was the oldest of 12 children, and was [[Menominee]] and French by ancestry.<ref>Gurda, J. (1999). "Josette and Solomon Juneau, Frontier valentines: Living proof that love can and did abide." ''Milwaukee Journal Sentinel'' Sunday, February 7, 1999.</ref> Through her alliances to the tribe, and the relationships fostered through Juneau's business in fur trading, it is reported that he was popular with the Menominee.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Kellogg |first=L.P. |date=1961 |title=Juneau, Solomon Laurent |work=Dictionary of American Biography |editor-last1=Malone |editor-last2=Dumas |location=New York |publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons}}</ref> After the treaty of 1848 between the United States and the Menominee, Juneau registered his wife and children as [[half-breed]]s of the [[Menominee| Menominee Nation]].


Juneau settled an area east of the [[Milwaukee River]] called Juneautown (present-day [[Neighborhoods of Milwaukee|East Town]]) in 1818, which later joined with [[George H. Walker]]'s [[Neighborhoods of Milwaukee|Walker's Point]] and [[Byron Kilbourn]]'s Kilbourntown (present-day [[Neighborhoods of Milwaukee|Westown]]) to incorporate the City of Milwaukee. With Juneau came his personal cook [[Joe Oliver (Milwaukee)|Joe Oliver]], a [[Black Catholicism|Black Catholic]] believed to have been the first [[African Americans|African American]] in Milwaukee history.
In 1854, Juneau and family relocated to [[Dodge County, Wisconsin]], where they founded the village of [[Theresa, Wisconsin|Therese]], named after Juneau's French-Canadian mother. Josette died there in 1855; Solomon died one year later in [[Keshena, Wisconsin]], on a visit to the Menominee tribe. He died in the arms of [[Benjamin Hunkins]], his "faithful friend and constant nurse."<ref name=benjamin1>{{cite journal |first=Marion |last=Lawson |title=Solomon Juneau: Milwaukee's First Mayor |work=Wisconsin Magazine of History |volume=41 |issue=2 |date=Winter 1957 |publisher=Wisconsin Historical Society |url=http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/wmh/id/44329/show/44293/rec/19 |p=49 |accessdate=31 August 2014}}</ref> Six Menominee chiefs served as pallbearers at his funeral. He is buried at [[Calvary Cemetery, Milwaukee, Wisconsin]].


In 1831, Juneau began learning English and set in motion the naturalization and citizenship process. By 1835, he was selling plots of land in Juneautown. He built Milwaukee's first store and first inn, and was recognized for his leadership among newcomers to Milwaukee. In 1837 he started the ''[[Milwaukee Sentinel]]'', which would become the oldest continuously operating business in [[Wisconsin]]. He was the first [[List of mayors of Milwaukee|mayor of Milwaukee]] from 1846 until 1847, and was appointed its first [[Postmaster]]. Solomon Juneau High School, built in 1932, is named after him. The school is located at 6415 West Mount Vernon Avenue in Milwaukee. The hour bell in the clock tower of the [[Milwaukee City Hall]], installed in 1896, is also named after him.
Juneau's grandson [[Paul O. Husting]] would become a member of the [[United States Senate]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/judge-jyles.html#650.21.97|title=Laurent Solomon Juneau|publisher=Political Graveyard|accessdate=2011-10-27}}</ref> The property that is believed to have once been the site of Juneau's residence is now the site of the [[Mitchell Building]], listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].

[[File:Solomon Juneau.jpg|thumb|left|Statue of Juneau in [[Parks of Milwaukee|Juneau Park]], Milwaukee]]

===Personal===
In 1820, Juneau married Josette Le-Vieux, the [[Metis (United States)|Métis]] daughter of [[Jacques Vieau]], a fur trader for the [[North West Company]] who had built a trading post overlooking the [[Menomonee Valley]] years before, and his Menominee wife. Josette was the oldest of 12 children, and was [[Menominee]] and French by ancestry.<ref>Gurda, J. (1999). "Josette and Solomon Juneau, Frontier valentines: Living proof that love can and did abide." ''Milwaukee Journal Sentinel'' Sunday, February 7, 1999.</ref> Through her alliances to the tribe, and the relationships fostered through Juneau's business in fur trading, it is reported that he was popular with the Menominee.<ref>{{cite encyclopedia |last=Kellogg |first=L.P. |date=1961 |title=Juneau, Solomon Laurent |encyclopedia=Dictionary of American Biography |editor-last1=Malone |editor-last2=Dumas |location=New York |publisher=Charles Scribner's Sons}}</ref> After the treaty of 1848 between the United States and the Menominee, Juneau registered his wife and children as [[half-breed]]s of the [[Menominee|Menominee Nation]].

In 1854, Juneau and family relocated to [[Dodge County, Wisconsin]], where they founded the village of [[Theresa, Wisconsin|Theresa]], named after Juneau's French-Canadian mother. Josette died there in 1855; Solomon died one year later in [[Keshena, Wisconsin]], on a visit to the Menominee tribe. He died in the arms of [[Benjamin Hunkins]], his "faithful friend and constant nurse."<ref name=benjamin1>{{cite journal |first=Marion |last=Lawson |title=Solomon Juneau: Milwaukee's First Mayor |journal=Wisconsin Magazine of History |volume=41 |issue=2 |date=Winter 1957 |publisher=Wisconsin Historical Society |url=http://content.wisconsinhistory.org/cdm/compoundobject/collection/wmh/id/44329/show/44293/rec/19 |page=49 |accessdate=31 August 2014}}</ref> Six Menominee chiefs served as pallbearers at his funeral. He is buried at [[Calvary Cemetery, Milwaukee, Wisconsin]].

Juneau's grandson [[Paul O. Husting]] would be elected as a member of the [[United States Senate]].<ref>{{cite web|url=http://politicalgraveyard.com/bio/judge-jyles.html#650.21.97|title=Laurent Solomon Juneau|publisher=Political Graveyard|accessdate=2011-10-27}}</ref> The property that is believed to have once been the site of Juneau's residence is now the site of the [[Mitchell Building]], listed on the [[National Register of Historic Places]].


[[File:SolomonjuneauVideoPCM320.ogv|thumb|Short video of Juneau Monument in Milwaukee.]]
[[File:SolomonjuneauVideoPCM320.ogv|thumb|Short video of Juneau Monument in Milwaukee.]]


==See also==
==See also==
*[[SS Solomon Juneau]]
* [[SS Solomon Juneau|SS ''Solomon Juneau'']]
*[[Juneau Monument]]
* [[Juneau Monument]]
* [[Solomon Juneau Business High School]]


==References==
==References==
<references/>
<references />


==Further reading==
==Further reading==
*{{cite book|last=Mack|first=Edwin S.|title=The Founding of Milwaukee|year=1907|publisher=State Historical Society of Wisconsin|location=Madison|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4SQuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA193}}
* {{cite book|last=Mack|first=Edwin S.|title=The Founding of Milwaukee|year=1907|publisher=State Historical Society of Wisconsin|location=Madison|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=4SQuAAAAYAAJ&pg=PA193}}
*{{cite book|last=Fox|first=Isabella|title=Solomon Juneau: a biography with sketches of the Juneau family|year=1916|publisher=Evening Wisconsin Printing Co|location=Milwaukee, Wis.|url=https://archive.org/stream/solomonjuneaubio00foxi#page/n5/mode/2up}}
* {{cite book|last=Fox|first=Isabella|title=Solomon Juneau: a biography with sketches of the Juneau family|year=1916|publisher=Evening Wisconsin Printing Co|location=Milwaukee, Wis.|url=https://archive.org/stream/solomonjuneaubio00foxi#page/n5/mode/2up}}
*[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Content.aspx?dsNav=Ny:True,Ro:0,N:4294963828-4294963788&dsNavOnly=Ntk:All%7csolomon+juneau%7c3%7c,Ny:True,Ro:0&dsRecordDetails=R:BA1758&dsDimensionSearch=D:solomon+juneau,Dxm:All,Dxp:3&dsCompoundDimensionSearch=D:solomon+juneau,Dxm:All,Dxp:3 Obituary. Milwaukee Sentinel. 28 January 1858.]
* [http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Content.aspx?dsNav=Ny:True,Ro:0,N:4294963828-4294963788&dsNavOnly=Ntk:All%7csolomon+juneau%7c3%7c,Ny:True,Ro:0&dsRecordDetails=R:BA1758&dsDimensionSearch=D:solomon+juneau,Dxm:All,Dxp:3&dsCompoundDimensionSearch=D:solomon+juneau,Dxm:All,Dxp:3 Obituary. Milwaukee Sentinel. 28 January 1858.]


==External links==
==External links==
* {{Find a Grave|8477642}}
*[http://www.findagrave.com/cgi-bin/fg.cgi?page=gr&GRid=8477642 Solomon Laurent Juneau at Find-A-Grave]
* [http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Content.aspx?dsNav=Ntk:All%7csolomon+juneau%7c3%7c,Ny:True,Ro:0&dsNavOnly=N:4294963828-4294955414&dsRecordDetails=R:IM9483&dsDimensionSearch=D:solomon+juneau,Dxm:All,Dxp:3&dsCompoundDimensionSearch=D:solomon+juneau,Dxm:All,Dxp:3&fromsearch=true Wisconsin Historical Society]
*[http://www.biographi.ca/EN/ShowBio.asp?BioId=38118 Biography at the ''Dictionary of Canadian Biography Online'']
* [http://www.uwgb.edu/wisfrench/library/history/juneau/juneaus.htm Josette and Solomon Juneau]
*[http://www.wisconsinhistory.org/Content.aspx?dsNav=Ntk:All%7csolomon+juneau%7c3%7c,Ny:True,Ro:0&dsNavOnly=N:4294963828-4294955414&dsRecordDetails=R:IM9483&dsDimensionSearch=D:solomon+juneau,Dxm:All,Dxp:3&dsCompoundDimensionSearch=D:solomon+juneau,Dxm:All,Dxp:3&fromsearch=true Wisconsin Historical Society]
*[http://www.uwgb.edu/wisfrench/library/history/juneau/juneaus.htm Josette and Solomon Juneau]
* [http://onmilwaukee.com/buzz/articles/juneauscabin.html Urban spelunking: Solomon Juneau's cabin]
*[http://onmilwaukee.com/buzz/articles/juneauscabin.html Urban spelunking: Solomon Juneau's cabin]
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[[Category:Juneau family|Solomon]]

Latest revision as of 21:50, 23 March 2024

Solomon Laurent Juneau
Laurent-Salomon Juneau
Juneau in 1856
1st Mayor of Milwaukee
In office
1846-1847
Preceded byOffice Established
Succeeded byHoratio N. Wells
Personal details
BornAugust 9, 1793 (1793-08-09)
Repentigny, Lower Canada
DiedNovember 14, 1856(1856-11-14) (aged 63)
Keshena, Wisconsin
Nationality
Political partyDemocratic
SpouseJosette Vieau Juneau (m. 1820–1855)
RelationsJoseph Juneau (cousin), founder of the city of Juneau, Alaska
Parent(s)François and Thérèse Galerneau Juneau
OccupationPolitician, fur trader, land agent
Known forHelped found the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Solomon Laurent Juneau, or Laurent-Salomon Juneau (August 9, 1793 – November 14, 1856) was a French Canadian fur trader, land speculator, and politician who helped found the city of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.[1][2][3] He was born in Repentigny, Quebec, Canada to François and (Marie-)Thérèse Galarneau Juneau.[4][5] His cousin was Joseph Juneau, who founded the city of Juneau, Alaska.[6]

Biography[edit]

After landing at Fort Michilimackinac in 1816, Juneau worked as a clerk in the fur trade before becoming an agent for the American Fur Company in Milwaukee. He had been summoned to the Milwaukee area by Jacques Vieau, a French-Canadian fur trader and the first permanent white settler in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. In 1818 Jacques Vieau hired Solomon Juneau, based on the accounting prowess Juneau had become known for, and Juneau's reputation for being able to deal well with the local native Americans. Juneau later married one of Vieau's daughters, Josette, and went on to found what was to become the City of Milwaukee.

Juneau settled an area east of the Milwaukee River called Juneautown (present-day East Town) in 1818, which later joined with George H. Walker's Walker's Point and Byron Kilbourn's Kilbourntown (present-day Westown) to incorporate the City of Milwaukee. With Juneau came his personal cook Joe Oliver, a Black Catholic believed to have been the first African American in Milwaukee history.

In 1831, Juneau began learning English and set in motion the naturalization and citizenship process. By 1835, he was selling plots of land in Juneautown. He built Milwaukee's first store and first inn, and was recognized for his leadership among newcomers to Milwaukee. In 1837 he started the Milwaukee Sentinel, which would become the oldest continuously operating business in Wisconsin. He was the first mayor of Milwaukee from 1846 until 1847, and was appointed its first Postmaster. Solomon Juneau High School, built in 1932, is named after him. The school is located at 6415 West Mount Vernon Avenue in Milwaukee. The hour bell in the clock tower of the Milwaukee City Hall, installed in 1896, is also named after him.

Statue of Juneau in Juneau Park, Milwaukee

Personal[edit]

In 1820, Juneau married Josette Le-Vieux, the Métis daughter of Jacques Vieau, a fur trader for the North West Company who had built a trading post overlooking the Menomonee Valley years before, and his Menominee wife. Josette was the oldest of 12 children, and was Menominee and French by ancestry.[7] Through her alliances to the tribe, and the relationships fostered through Juneau's business in fur trading, it is reported that he was popular with the Menominee.[8] After the treaty of 1848 between the United States and the Menominee, Juneau registered his wife and children as half-breeds of the Menominee Nation.

In 1854, Juneau and family relocated to Dodge County, Wisconsin, where they founded the village of Theresa, named after Juneau's French-Canadian mother. Josette died there in 1855; Solomon died one year later in Keshena, Wisconsin, on a visit to the Menominee tribe. He died in the arms of Benjamin Hunkins, his "faithful friend and constant nurse."[9] Six Menominee chiefs served as pallbearers at his funeral. He is buried at Calvary Cemetery, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.

Juneau's grandson Paul O. Husting would be elected as a member of the United States Senate.[10] The property that is believed to have once been the site of Juneau's residence is now the site of the Mitchell Building, listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Short video of Juneau Monument in Milwaukee.

See also[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ University of Wisconsin - Green Bay
  2. ^ Solomon Juneau, Milwaukee’s Founding Father
  3. ^ Trap, Paul (1985). "Juneau, Laurent-Salomon". In Halpenny, Francess G (ed.). Dictionary of Canadian Biography. Vol. VIII (1851–1860) (online ed.). University of Toronto Press.
  4. ^ Marshall, Bill. (2005). France and the Americas: Culture, Politics, and History. Santa Barbara, CA: ABC-CLIO, p. 635.
  5. ^ Connerton, Eugene J. & Léo-Paul Landry. (1971). Genealogy of the Juneau family 1600–1965. Author, p. 306.
  6. ^ Alaska Mining Hall of Fame
  7. ^ Gurda, J. (1999). "Josette and Solomon Juneau, Frontier valentines: Living proof that love can and did abide." Milwaukee Journal Sentinel Sunday, February 7, 1999.
  8. ^ Kellogg, L.P. (1961). "Juneau, Solomon Laurent". In Malone; Dumas (eds.). Dictionary of American Biography. New York: Charles Scribner's Sons.
  9. ^ Lawson, Marion (Winter 1957). "Solomon Juneau: Milwaukee's First Mayor". Wisconsin Magazine of History. 41 (2). Wisconsin Historical Society: 49. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
  10. ^ "Laurent Solomon Juneau". Political Graveyard. Retrieved 2011-10-27.

Further reading[edit]

External links[edit]

Preceded by
Mayor of Milwaukee
1846
Succeeded by